Xi'an Tourism Valuation Multiples

Disney operates in three global business segments: entertainment, sports, and experiences. Entertainment and experiences both benefit from the firm’s ownership of iconic franchises and characters. Entertainment includes the ABC broadcast network, several cable television networks, and the Disney+ and Hulu streaming services. Within the segment, Disney also engages in movie and television production and distribution, with content licensed to movie theaters, other content providers, or, increasingly, kept in-house for use on Disney’s own streaming platform and television networks. The sports segment houses the ESPN family of TV networks and streaming services. Experiences contains Disney’s theme parks, cruises, and vacation destinations and also engages in merchandise licensing.

Booking is the world's largest online travel agency by sales, offering booking and payment services for hotel and alternative accommodation rooms, airlines, rental cars, restaurants, cruises, experiences, and other vacation packages. The company operates several branded travel booking sites, including Booking.com, Agoda, OpenTable, Rentalcars.com, Kayak, and Momondo. Transaction fees for online bookings account for the bulk of revenue and profits.

Marriott operates 1.8 million rooms across roughly 30 brands. At the end of 2025, luxury represented roughly 10% of total rooms, premium was 42%, select service was 46%, and midscale was 2%. Marriott, Courtyard, and Sheraton are the largest brands, while Autograph, Tribute, Moxy, Aloft, and Element are newer lifestyle brands. Managed and franchised represented 99% of total rooms as of Dec. 31, 2025. North America makes up 61% of total rooms. Managed, franchise, and incentive fees represent the vast majority of revenue and profitability for the company.

Airbnb is a global online marketplace connecting hosts offering homes or experiences with guests seeking short-term accommodation and travel activities. It earns service fees on bookings while providing discovery, payments, trust, customer support, and marketplace infrastructure. The company serves customers and counterparties through the operating assets, products, or financial capabilities described in the cited transaction materials. Its economics are driven by marketplace, while its competitive position depends on sector expertise, asset quality, customer relationships, and disciplined capital allocation. The company is classified in Accommodation and Online Travel and Consumer Marketplaces because those categories best represent its principal activity at the transaction date. This profile is intended to identify the legal or operating business involved in the deal, including a historical name where the company was later renamed, merged, privatized, or reorganized.

Hilton Worldwide Holdings operates 1.35 million rooms across its 25 brands, serving the premium economy through luxury segments. Hampton and Hilton are the two largest brands, representing 27% and 18%, respectively, of the company’s total rooms, as of Dec. 31, 2025. Recent brands launched over the past few years include Home2, Curio, Canopy, Spark, Tru, Tempo, LivSmart, and Outset. Additionally, there is a partnership with Small Luxury Hotels of the World and acquisitions of NoMad and Graduate Hotels. Managed and franchised hotels represent the vast majority of adjusted EBITDA, predominantly from the Americas.

BASF is one of the world’s leading chemical companies. It's headquartered in Germany near the Rhine River, which helps with logistics-related savings. Founded in 1865, it produces a vast array of chemicals, plastics, resins, and agricultural solutions. While the company serves multiple industries, it most prominently serves the automotive, agricultural, construction, and pharmaceutical industries. BASF is a first mover in the energy transition and aims to rapidly expand its recycled and bio-based product portfolio.

Live Nation is the largest live entertainment company in the world, serving as a concert promoter, venue operator, and ticketing platform. In addition, the firm generates revenue from sponsorships and advertising. With offices in 51 countries, Live Nation promotes concerts globally and it owned, operated, or had exclusive booking rights to more than 400 venues worldwide at the end of 2025, which the firm says makes it the second-largest operator of music venues globally. In 2025, Live Nation promoted nearly 55,000 events, drawing roughly 160 million fans. Ticketmaster is a dominant global ticketing service, selling nearly 650 million tickets in 2025.

Archer-Daniels-Midland is a major processor of oilseeds, corn, wheat, and other agricultural commodities. The company is also one of the largest grain merchandisers through its extensive network of logistical assets to store and transport crops around the globe. ADM also runs a nutrition business that focuses on both human and animal ingredients and is a large producer of corn-based sweeteners, starches, and ethanol.

Muyuan Foods Group Co Ltd is engaged in pig farming and pig sales. Its business activities include livestock breeding, the production and trading of breeding livestock and poultry, the trading of live livestock and poultry for Hong Kong and Macao, feed production, livestock slaughtering, food production and sales, and animal treatment services.

Oriental Land is a prominent Japanese company primarily known for its ownership and operation of the Tokyo Disney Resort. It includes two theme parks, Tokyo Disneyland and Tokyo DisneySea, as well as hotels, shopping, and dining facilities. Oriental Land collaborates closely with The Walt Disney Company under a licensing agreement until 2076. This partnership has been instrumental in establishing Tokyo Disney Resort as one of the leading tourist destinations in Japan, attracting millions of visitors annually from domestic and international markets. Beyond its entertainment ventures, Oriental Land has also ventured into real estate development and operates Ikspiari, a retail and entertainment complex adjacent to Tokyo Disneyland.

Created in 2018 as a result of the merger between PotashCorp and Agrium, Nutrien is the world’s largest fertilizer producer by capacity. Nutrien produces the three main crop nutrients—nitrogen, potash, and phosphate—although its main focus is potash, where it is the global leader in installed capacity with a roughly 20% market share. The company is also the largest agricultural retailer in North America and Australia, selling fertilizers, crop chemicals, seeds, and services directly to farm customers through its brick-and-mortar stores and online platforms.

Novonesis was formed in 2024 through the merger of Novozymes and Chr. Hansen. Following the merger, the company became the world leader in industrial enzymes and microbial solutions, with a nearly 50% market share in both. The firm supplies a wide range of industry groups: household care, food and beverages, bioenergy, agriculture and feed, technical and pharmaceuticals. Its biological solutions create value for its customers by improving yield efficiency and performance, while saving energy and generating less waste. The company is headquartered in Denmark, employs more than 11,000 people, and works across more than 30 research and development and application centers and 23 manufacturing sites.

InterContinental Hotels Group operates 1 million rooms across 20 brands addressing the midscale through luxury segments, as of Dec. 31, 2025. Holiday Inn and Holiday Inn Express constitute the largest brand, while Hotel Indigo, Even, Hualuxe, Kimpton, and Voco are newer lifestyle brands experiencing strong demand. The company launched a midscale brand, Avid, in 2017 and closed on a 51% stake in Regent Hotels in 2018. It acquired Six Senses in 2019 and launched another midscale brand, Garner, in 2023, followed by a premium conversion brand, Noted Collections, in 2025. Managed and franchised represent 99% of total rooms. As of Dec. 31, 2025, the Americas represented 52% of total rooms, with Greater China accounting for 20% and Europe, Asia, the Middle East, and Africa making up 28%.

Las Vegas Sands is the world's largest operator of fully integrated resorts, featuring casino, hotel, entertainment, food and beverage, retail, and convention center operations. The company owns the Venetian Macao, Sands Macao, Londoner Macao, Four Seasons Hotel Macao, and Parisian Macao, as well as the Marina Bay Sands resort in Singapore. We expect Sands to open a fourth tower in Singapore in 2031. Its Venetian and Palazzo Las Vegas assets in the US were sold to Apollo and Vici in 2022. After the sale of its Vegas assets, Sands generates all its EBITDA from Asia, with its casino operations generating the majority of sales.

Bunge Global SA is an agribusiness solutions company, connecting farmers to consumers and delivering essential food, feed and fuel to the globe. The company segments include Soybean Processing and Refining; Softseed Processing and Refining; Other Oilseeds Processing and Refining; Grain Merchandising and Milling; and Corporate and Other. It generates maximum revenue from the Soybean Processing and Refining segment, which includes integrated business principally involved in the purchase, storage, transportation, processing, distribution, refining, marketing, and sale of soybeans and soybean related products, as well as biodiesel and fertilizer production and distribution. Geographically, the company operates in United States, Switzerland, Netherlands, and Rest of the World.

CF Industries is a leading producer and distributor of nitrogen, which is primarily used in fertilizers. The company operates nitrogen manufacturing plants primarily in North America. CF also produces nitrogen in the United Kingdom and holds a joint venture interest in a nitrogen production facility in Trinidad and Tobago. CF makes nitrogen primarily using low-cost US natural gas as its feedstock, making the company one of the lowest-cost nitrogen producers globally. It is also investing in carbon-free blue and green ammonia, which can be used as an alternative fuel to hydrogen or as a means to transport hydrogen.

Galaxy Entertainment is one of six casino licenseholders in Macao. Its major properties include Starworld casino in the Macao Peninsula and Galaxy Macau in Cotai, with a hotel capacity of approximately 5,564 rooms as of the end of 2024.

Qinghai Salt Lake Industry Co Ltd operates in the dry inland Qarhan Salt Lake in Qinghai province. It is engaged in salt lake resource extraction and potash production. The company is engaged in the manufacture of chemical raw materials and chemical products. The company's main products include potassium chloride and lithium carbonate.

Hyatt is an operator of owned (3% of total rooms) and managed and franchised (97%) properties across about 40 upscale luxury brands, which includes vacation brands (Apple Leisure Group, Hyatt Ziva, and Hyatt Zilara), the recently launched full-service lifestyle brand Hyatt Centric, the soft lifestyle brand Unbound, the wellness brand Miraval, and the midscale extended-stay brand Studios. Hyatt acquired Two Roads Hospitality in 2018 and Apple Leisure Group in 2021. The regional exposure as a percentage of total rooms is 63% Americas, 15% rest of world, and 22% Asia-Pacific.

Wilmar International Ltd is a processor of palm and lauric oils and a producer of consumer pack edible oils. Its operating segment includes Food Products; Feed and Industrial Products; Plantation and Sugar Milling, Associates and Joint Ventures and others. The company generates maximum revenue from the Feed and Industrial Products segment. Its Feed and Industrial Products segment comprises the processing, merchandising, and distribution of products, which includes animal feeds, non-edible palm and lauric products, agricultural commodities, oleochemicals, gas oil, and biodiesel. Geographically, it derives a majority of revenue from the People's Republic of China.

Wens Foodstuff Group Co Ltd operates as a livestock and poultry farming company in China. The company offers fresh meat products and processed products, including chicken, pig, duck, milk, egg, cooked chicken, deep-sea fish, sheep, pigeons, and other products. It also provides raw milk and finished milk, such as pasteurized milk, fermented milk, sterilized milk, milk-containing beverages, and other various categories of products.

Industries Qatar QSC, along with its subsidiaries, operates in the following reportable segments: Petrochemicals, Fertilisers, and Steel. Maximum revenue is generated from the Fertilisers segment, which produces and sells urea, ammonia, and other by-products. The Petrochemicals segment produces and sells ethylene, polyethylene, MTBE, methanol, and other petrochemical products; and the Steel segment produces and sells steel pellets, bars, billets, and others.

SABIC Agri-Nutrient Co is engaged in the production, conversion, manufacturing, and trade of agri-nutrients and chemical products. Also, the Company is engaged in the marketing of agri-nutrient products of all types inside and outside KSA. The Group is organised into two segments; The Agri-Nutrients and The Petrochemicals. The majority of revenue is derived from the Agri-Nutrients segment.

H World Group Ltd is a multi-brand hotel group in China with international operations. It operates in the leased, managed, and franchised models. The company has two operating segments: legacy Huazhu and legacy DH. Its brand and product offering includes Economy hotel brands: HanTing Hotel, Ni Hao Hotel, Hi Inn, Elan Hotel, Zleep Hotels, and Ibis Hotel, Midscale hotel brands: JI Hotel, Orange Hotel, Starway Hotel and Ibis Styles Hotel, Upper midscale hotel brands: Crystal Orange Hotel, IntercityHotel, Manxin Hotel, Mercure Hotel, Madison Hotel, Novotel Hotel, CitiGO Hotel and MAXX by Steigenberger, Upscale hotel brands: Joya Hotel, Blossom House, Steigenberger Hotels & Resorts, Jaz in the City, and Grand Mercure; and Luxury hotel brand: Steigenberger Icon and Song Hotels.

Mowi ASA is a Norway-based producer of farmed salmon, distributing salmon and other processed seafood globally. The company focuses on producing high-quality fish by producing its fish eggs and nurturing the fish in the early stages of their life. It operates in three business segments: Feed, Farming, and Sales & Marketing. Fish feed production comprises its two feed plants in Norway and Scotland. Farming includes a single operating segment composed of farming operations in Norway, Scotland, Canada, Chile, Ireland, the Faroe Islands, and Iceland, and Sales and Marketing is composed of two operating segments: Markets and Consumer Products. A majority of the company's revenue is generated from the Sales and Marketing business. Geographically, it derives maximum revenue from Europe.

Indian Hotels Co Ltd is an owner and operator of hotels and resorts, domiciled in India. The company operates its hotels and resorts under the Taj, Vivanta, Ginger, Seleqtions, and other brands. Indian Hotels reports revenue across the following business lines: room income; food, restaurants, and banquet income; membership fees; management and operating fees; and others. Room income contributes a majority to the company's revenue, followed by food, restaurants, and banquet income. Indian Hotels derives the majority of its revenue domestically.

Accor operates 850,285 rooms across 48 brands, addressing the economy through luxury segments as of December 2024. Ibis (economy scale) is the largest brand (18% of total rooms at the end of 2024), followed by midscale brands Mercure (16%) and Novotel (13%). FRHI offers additional luxury and North American exposure. After the sale of the majority of HotelInvest (owned assets) in 2018-19, the majority of total EBITDA comes from asset-light managed and franchised hotels. Europe and North Africa represent 42% of rooms, Asia-Pacific 35%, the Americas 12%, and India, Middle East, and Africa 11%. Premium, midscale, and economy are 84% of total rooms, while luxury and lifestyle are the remaining 16%.

Sands China operates integrated resorts and casinos in Macao. Its properties include Sands Macao, the Venetian Macao, the Plaza Macao, the Londoner, and the Parisian Macao. It has about 23.5% market share in the Macao gaming sector in terms of gross gaming revenue as of 2025. Las Vegas Sands has a 74.8% stake in Sands China.

Yara International is an Oslo-headquartered global crop-nutrition and industrial-chemicals company. It manufactures and markets nitrogen fertilizers, ammonia, crop-nutrition products and selected industrial solutions through a worldwide production and distribution network. Its customers include farmers, agricultural retailers, industrial companies and distributors in global fertilizer markets. Revenue comes principally from sales of fertilizer, ammonia and related chemical products. The company traces its roots to Norsk Hydro’s 1905 fertilizer business and was separately listed as Yara in 2004. Yara acquired Saskferco in 2008 from Mosaic, Investment Saskatchewan and Citibank and now operates the Belle Plaine facility.

Life Time Group Holdings is an American operator of premium athletic country clubs headquartered in Chanhassen, Minnesota, listed on the New York Stock Exchange as LTH. Bahram Akradi founded the business as FCA Ltd in 1990, registered it as Life Time Fitness in 1992, and remains chairman and chief executive. Its clubs are large multi-use centres combining fitness floors, studios, pools, tennis and pickleball courts, spas, cafés and childcare; it operated 189 centres in the US and Canada at the end of 2025 after opening ten that year. Revenue comes mainly from monthly membership dues, averaging $223 in late 2025, plus in-centre services such as personal training, spa and café sales; it had about 822,000 centre memberships. It also runs a free Life Time app, coworking and residential offerings, and athletic events such as the Leadville Race Series, Unbound Gravel and the Miami Marathon. In 2025 it reported revenue of $2.995 billion and net income of $373.7 million, with more than 44,000 employees. TPG and Leonard Green & Partners took the company private in March 2015 in a deal worth over $4 billion, and it returned to the NYSE in 2021.

Ryman Hospitality Properties Inc is a lodging and hospitality real estate investment trust that specializes in upscale convention center resorts and country music entertainment experiences. Its core holdings include meetings-focused resorts that are managed by Marriott under the Gaylord Hotels and JW Marriott brands. The company's operations are organized into three segments: Hospitality, Entertainment, and Corporate and Other. The majority of its revenue is generated from the Hospitality segment, which includes the Gaylord Hotels properties, JW Marriott properties, the Inn at Opryland, and the AC Hotel in its portfolio. The Entertainment segment includes the entertainment and media assets comprising Opry Entertainment Group, and the Corporate and Other segment includes corporate expenses.

Founded in 1932, Toho traces its roots to Kobayashi Ichizo's Takarazuka Revue enterprise, building the Tokyo Takarazuka Theater as its flagship stage for musical theater. Today, Toho is Japan's largest film distribution and exhibition company, operating the Toho Cinemas chain and best known for its Godzilla franchise. In 2012, Toho launched an in-house anime unit. Toho also runs a real estate segment, earning stable income mainly from office, retail, and hotel properties in prime central Tokyo locations such as Hibiya and Yurakucho.

SalMar ASA produces and sells farmed salmon internationally. It operates hatcheries and controls the farming at all stages until the fish are ready to be harvested, processed, and packaged into various products. Products are developed with new mixes and packing methods to make them more convenient for customers. The salmon are sold through an in-house salesforce and close partners of the company. Proximity to customers and tracking the use of resources play a factor in delivering the raw material.

Tongwei is the world's largest polysilicon producer and a leading solar cell and module supplier. The solar business contributed more than 60% of revenue in 2024. In addition, Tongwei runs a feed and food business, which made up 35% of revenue in 2024.

The Wharf (Holdings) Ltd has determined five reportable operating segments for measuring performance and allocating resources. The segments are investment properties, development properties, hotels, logistics, and investments. The investment properties segment mainly includes property leasing & management operations. The development properties segment encompasses activities relating to the acquisition, development, sales, and marketing of the Group’s trading properties. The hotel segment includes hotel management in Asia. The logistics segment mainly includes container terminal operations. The investment segment includes a diversified portfolio of listed equity investments. The majority is from the Development Properties segment. Geographically, the majority is from Mainland China.

Corteva is an agricultural inputs pure play that was formed in 2019 when it was spun off from DowDuPont. The company is a leader in the development of new seed and crop protection products. Seeds generate the majority of profits with the remainder coming from crop protection products. Corteva plans to spin off its seeds business in late 2026 and will become a pure-play crop protection company following the divestiture. Corteva operates globally, but around half of revenue comes from North America.

Wynn Resorts operates luxury casinos and resorts. The company was founded in 2002 by Steve Wynn, the former CEO. The company operates four megaresorts: Wynn Macau and Encore in Macao and Wynn Las Vegas and Encore in Las Vegas. Cotai Palace opened in August 2016 in Macao, and Encore Boston Harbor in Massachusetts opened June 2019. We expect the company to continue to build nongaming attractions in Macao over the next few years. We model Wynn's managed integrated resort in the United Arab Emirates to open in 2027. The company also operates Wynn Interactive, a digital sports betting and iGaming platform, in a few states. The company received 76% and 24% of its 2019 prepandemic EBITDA from Macao and the US, respectively. In 2024, both the US and Macao were each 50% of total EBITDA.

Madison Square Garden Sports Corp. (MSG Sports) is an American professional sports holding company based in New York City that owns the NBA's New York Knicks and the NHL's New York Rangers, together with their development affiliates, the Westchester Knicks of the NBA G League and the Hartford Wolf Pack of the AHL. The business traces back to the Madison Square Garden Corporation, which created the Rangers in 1926 and was a charter member of the NBA with the Knicks in 1946. Cablevision spun off the Knicks, Rangers, Madison Square Garden and MSG Network as an independent public company in 2010; in 2015 its sports and entertainment assets were separated into a new Madison Square Garden Company, which in 2020 was renamed Madison Square Garden Sports Corp. and spun off its entertainment arm as Madison Square Garden Entertainment. MSG Sports earns revenue from ticket sales, local and national media rights, sponsorship, suites and merchandise, and reported revenue of $1.6 billion in 2018 as the predecessor Madison Square Garden Company. James L. Dolan is executive chairman and controls the voting stock.

MGM Resorts is the largest resort operator on the Las Vegas Strip with 37,000 guest rooms and suites, representing about one fourth of all units in the market. The company's Vegas properties include MGM Grand, Mandalay Bay, Park MGM, Luxor, New York-New York, and Bellagio. The Strip contributed approximately 59% of total EBITDAR in 2024. MGM also owns US regional assets, which represented a low 20s share of 2024 EBITDAR (MGM's Macao EBITDAR was 21% of the total in 2024). MGM's US sports and i-gaming operations are currently a high-single-digit percentage of its total revenue. The company also operates the 56%-owned MGM China casinos with a second property that opened on the Cotai Strip in early 2018. We estimate MGM will open a resort in Japan in 2030.

Light & Wonder is principally an electronic gaming machine manufacturer, selling machines to pubs, clubs, and casinos. The firm is licensed in most jurisdictions allowing gambling globally. Light & Wonder is one of the three largest players in the space along with International Game Technology and Aristocrat Leisure. SciPlay, about one fourth of revenue, develops and distributes casual mobile games, principally in the social casino niche. The more nascent iGaming business sits between these two businesses, providing digital content and capabilities to real-money gaming providers.

Vinpearl JSC, along with its subsidiaries, provides short-term accommodation services including hotel business and hotel services, amusement and recreation services, domestic travel, passenger transport, restaurant and catering business, construction investment, and real estate business. It operates various hotels and resorts across Vietnam, including Hon Tam Resort, Vinepearl Resort Nha Trang, Vinepearl Wonderworld Phu Quoc, Vinepearl Cua Sot Resort, and others. The Group's operating business segments are: Business services, hotel tourism, entertainment, and related services, which derive maximum revenue; and Real estate leasing and transfer business. Geographically, it operates only in Vietnam.

Mumbai-focused real estate developer building luxury and premium residential towers and commercial space. It also owns a retail mall, office buildings and hotels, earning rent and hospitality income alongside property sales. Headquartered in Mumbai.

The Mosaic Company is a US-listed producer of concentrated phosphate and potash crop nutrients. It mines and processes mineral resources and supplies fertiliser products to agricultural customers and distributors across global markets. Revenue comes from the sale of commodity and value-added crop-nutrition products, supported by mining, processing and logistics assets. The company was created in 2004 and operates major assets in the United States and Canada, making it a direct operating exposure to agricultural inputs and resources. The Mosaic Company serves B2B customers through activities spanning Chemicals, Agriculture and Metals & Mining. Its commercial model generates revenue through Product sales and Wholesale Distribution, supported by sector expertise, operating execution and customer relationships.

Caesars Entertainment's stand-alone portfolio includes about 50 domestic gaming properties across the Las Vegas (48% of 2025 EBITDAR) and regional (49%) markets. Additionally, the company hosts managed properties and digital assets that produced marginal EBITDA in 2025. Caesars' US presence roughly doubled with the 2020 acquisition by Eldorado, which built its first casino in Reno, Nevada, in 1973. Caesars' brands include Caesars, Harrah’s, Tropicana, Bally’s, Isle, and Flamingo. Also, the company owns the US portion of William Hill (it sold the international operation in 2022), a digital sports betting platform. The portfolio is set to expand to more than 60 casinos with the proposed acquisition of Caesars by Fertitta Entertainment and its Golden Nugget resorts.

Whitbread PLC owns hotels and restaurants that operate in the United Kingdom. It operates more than 800 hotels under the Premier Inn brand and provides services in relation to accommodation and food both in the UK and internationally. Restaurant brands include Beefeater, Brewers Fayre, Cookhouse & Pub, Bar Block and Others. Geographically the company derives majority of revenue from UK division.

As of June 30, 2025, Wyndham Hotels & Resorts operates 846,700 rooms across more than 20 brands predominantly in the economy and midscale segments. Super 8 is the largest brand, representing around 18% of all rooms, with Days Inn (13%) and Ramada (14%) the next two largest brands, as of the end of 2024. During the past several years, the company has expanded its extended stay/lifestyle brands, which appeal to travelers seeking to experience the local culture of a given location. The company closed its La Quinta acquisition in the second quarter of 2018, adding around 90,000 rooms at the time the deal closed. Wyndham launched a new extended stay economy scale segment concept, ECHO, in the spring of 2022. The United States represents 56% of total rooms, as of the end of 2024.

Vail Resorts Inc Bhd is a resorts and casinos company that operates mountain resorts and ski areas. The company has three business segments that include Mountain, Lodging, and Real Estate. The Mountain segment operates numerous ski resort properties that offer a variety of winter and summer activities, such as skiing, snowboarding, snowshoeing, hiking, and mountain biking. The Lodging segment owns and operates hotels and condominiums. The Real Estate segment owns, develops, and leases real estate, typically near its other properties. The company generates the vast majority of its revenue within the United States.

Fertilizer and crop protection company, part of the Murugappa group. It makes phosphatic and complex fertilizers, specialty nutrients and agrochemicals, and runs rural retail outlets serving farmers. Headquartered in Secunderabad (Hyderabad).