Ceres Valuation Multiples

Headquartered in France, Publicis is the world’s second-largest ad holding company based on revenue. Publicis’ services, which include traditional and digital advertising, public relations, and consulting, are provided worldwide, with over 80% of its revenue coming from more-developed regions such as North America and Europe.

Omnicom is a holding company that owns several advertising agencies and related firms. It provides traditional and digital advertising services that include creative design, market research, data analytics, ad placement, and public relations. The firm operates globally, providing services in more than 70 countries; it generates more than one half of its revenue in North America and nearly 30% in Europe.

Focus Media Information Technology Co Ltd is an advertising company. The company's main business is the development and operation of Life Circle media. Its main products are building media (including elevator TV media and elevator poster media) and cinema screen advertising media, etc., covering the work scenes, life scenes, entertainment scenes, and consumption scenes of the mainstream urban consumer groups, and integrating into a life circle media network.

BlueFocus Communication Group Co Ltd provides marketing and brand management services in China and internationally. It offers marketing and brand management services across various disciplines, including strategy, digital, advertising, media, social, PR, design, branding, CRM, data, e-commerce, and mobile solutions to various multinational companies and Chinese enterprises, such as IT, automobile, consumer goods, real estate, finance, and entertainment industries.

QMMM Holdings Ltd is a digital advertising and marketing production services company. It operates through its two wholly owned subsidiaries: ManyMany Creations and Quantum Matrix. It has used interactive design, animation, art-tech and virtual technologies in over 500 commercial campaigns. The company has worked with large domestic and international banks, real estate developers, amusement parks, top international athletic apparel and footwear brands, and luxury cosmetic products and international brands for their advertising and creation work in Hong Kong. Its clients include local and international banks, real-estate developers, luxury brands, high fashion houses, and theme parks.

Outfront Media Inc is a real estate investment trust involved in the ownership of advertising space on its portfolio of billboards and transit displays. The Company generates revenue in the form of rental income by allowing other companies to advertise on its properties and structures under short-term contracts. Outfront Media segments its operations into the United States and International units. Although it also owns assets in Canada and Latin America, the company derives the vast majority of its revenue from billboard advertising agreements in the U.S. Roughly half of the U.S. division's revenue comes from its displays in the New York City and Los Angeles markets. Outfront Media's customers include entities within the retail, television, healthcare, and entertainment industries.

Established in 1960 and domiciled in the Netherlands, Randstad is one of only three global recruitment providers, placing over 200,000 permanent candidates and 2 million temporary candidates annually. In addition, the company provides recruitment process outsourcing services, managed services programs, payroll services, outplacement services, and job postings.

Dentsu Group is the top advertising agency in Japan and the fifth-largest advertising network in the world. It is the oldest advertising agency in Japan, with the original company being established in 1901. Over the years, Dentsu expanded its global footprint through mergers and acquisitions. Currently, international sales account for about 60% of total revenue.

JCDecaux SE is an outdoor advertising company. The company focuses on three main business areas namely Street Furniture, Transport advertising, and Billboard advertising. Street furniture advertising relates to bus stop advertising, newspaper kiosks, public benches, and free-standing panels. Transport which focuses on advertising in land transport networks and airports and Billboard Advertising which concerns the marketing of billboards, neon-light billboards, and advertising wraps. The company generates the majority of its revenue from the Street Furniture segment in the form of Advertising. The company has a geographical presence in Europe, Asia-Pacific, France, the Rest of the world, the United kingdom, and North America.

CyberAgent is a prominent Japanese media company founded in 1998. Its core businesses include internet advertising, online broadcasting platforms, and gaming.

Headquartered in the United Kingdom, WPP is the world’s largest ad holding company based on annual revenue. Its services, which include traditional and digital advertising, public relations, and consulting, are provided worldwide, with over 70% of its revenue coming from more developed regions such as North America, the UK, and Western Europe. WPP is the largest media buying entity in the world.

Adecco Group is a provider of human capital solutions, with the majority of its revenue coming from flexible placement but also offering permanent placement, career transition, outsourcing, and consulting services in engineering, digital, and IT. The company is organized into three business units: Adecco, Akkodis, and LHH. The company provides services to businesses and organizations throughout Europe, North America, Asia-Pacific, South America, and North Africa.

Korn Ferry is a consulting firm that powers performance. The Company helps unlock the potential in people and unleash transformation across organizations synchronizing, operations, and talent to accelerate performance, fuel growth, and inspire a legacy of change. The company's segment includes Consulting, Digital, Executive Search North America, Executive Search EMEA, Executive Search APAC, Executive Search Latin America, Professional Search & Interim and RPO. The company generates the majority of its revenue from the Executive Search segment and Consulting segment. The Executive search segment helps organizations recruit board-level, chief executive, and other C-suite/senior executive and general management talent to deliver lasting impact.

Persol Holdings Co Ltd is a Japan-based company engaged in the provision of staffing and HR-related services. Its services include temporary staffing, recruitment, media, outsourcing, and job creation in a range of industries. The company's segments include Asia Pacific; Business Process Outsourcing (BPO); Career; Staffing; Technology; and Others. It generates the majority of its revenue from the Staffing segment, which is engaged in the temporary staffing business for a wide range of industries, mainly in the administrative field, mainly in Japan.

Jinhai Medical Technology Ltd is an investment holding company. Along with its subsidiaries, it is principally engaged in providing medical equipment in China and manpower outsourcing and ancillary services to building and construction contractors in Singapore. The group also provides IT services, construction ancillary services (which comprise warehousing, cleaning, and building maintenance works), and dormitory services in Singapore. It generates maximum revenue from the sale of minimally invasive surgery solutions, medical products, and related services in the People's Republic of China.

Robert Half Inc was founded in 1948, Robert Half provides temporary, permanent, and outcome-based staffing for both in-person and remote positions in the finance and accounting, technology, legal, marketing, and administrative fields. Its subsidiary consulting arm, Protiviti, specializes in technology, risk, auditing, and compliance matters. The firm generates its sales inside the U.S. and is one of the specialized firms in the fragmented U.S. staffing industry.

First Advantage Corp is a provider of global software and data in the Human Resources technology industry. The company leverages proprietary technology and AI across its platforms, data, and APIs to deliver comprehensive background screening, digital identity, and verification solutions driven by innovation, automation, and customer success. Its reportable segments are First Advantage Americas, First Advantage International, and Sterling. Maximum revenue is generated from the First Advantage Americas segment. The group serves customers in over 200 countries and territories, modernising hiring and onboarding on a global scale.

Stroeer SE & Co KGaA is a Germany-based holding company focused on promotional media services outside of the home. It operates in three main business segments, Out of Home (OOH) Media which generates key revenue, Digital & Dialog Media, and DaaS & E-commerce. The OOH Media segment encompasses the Group's entire OOH advertising business, comprising the Classic OOH, Digital OOH, and OOH services product groups. Digital & Dialog Media segment provides solutions for online advertising in the context of proprietary and third-party content. The scalable products marketed on this basis range from branding and storytelling to performance, native advertising, and social media. Geographically, it generates the majority of its revenue from Germany.

Guangdong Advertising Group Co Ltd is a advertising and marketing company. It provides professional marketing services.

Zhewen Interactive Group Co Ltd is engaged in digital marketing, with technology and data driving traffic operations, and digging into the value of traffic. It provides corporate marketing planning, corporate image planning, exhibition and display services; design, production, agency, and advertising.

Hakuhodo is the second-largest advertising agency in Japan, and one of the oldest advertising agencies, founded in 1895. Over the years, Hakuhodo has acquired many international companies, and overseas revenue currently accounts for 15% of total sales.

Founded in 2008 as a media content platform, Autohome is the leading online automobile platform in China, ranking first among automotive service platforms in terms of mobile daily active users, according to QuestMobile. Through its two websites, autohome.com.cn and che168.com, Autohome delivers comprehensive, independent and interactive content and tools to automobile consumers as well as a full suite of services to automakers and dealers. According to iResearch, the company was the largest online automotive advertising and lead generation service provider with 30% market share, in terms of media services and lead generation revenue, in China’s online auto platform media advertising market.

Trinet Group Inc provides human resources solutions for small and medium-sized businesses through technology-enabled services. Its offerings include human capital expertise, employee benefits such as health insurance and retirement plans, payroll and payroll tax administration, risk mitigation, and compliance consulting. The company provides its services through professional employer organization (PEO) services delivered via a co-employment model, as well as administrative services organization (ASO) offerings. The majority of the company's revenue is derived from the insurance-related billings and administrative fees collected from PEO clients.

Havas NV is engaged in global communications and marketing, providing end-to-end services across the industry. Its has three primary business lines: (i) Havas Creative, which delivers creative services, from advertising, brand strategy and business transformation to digital and social media solutions as well as public relations and events; (ii) Havas Media, which is dedicated to delivering comprehensive media experiences, through media planning and buying, fan engagement, retail media and e-commerce, as well as data analytics services to optimize client advertising investments; and (iii) Havas Health, which focuses on healthcare and wellness communications, providing specialized marketing services to pharmaceutical companies.

Hunan TV & Broadcast Intermediary Co Ltd operates in the advertising industry.

Stagwell Inc is the challenger holding company built to transform marketing. It delivers scaled creative performance for the world's ambitious brands, connecting culture-moving creativity with a technology to harmonize the art and science of marketing. The company's segments include Integrated Agencies Network; Brand Performance Network; and Communications Network. It generates maximum revenue from the Integrated Agencies Network segment. Geographically, it derives a majority of its revenue from the United States.

Arabian Contracting Services Co is an outdoor advertising solution provider, offering clients expertise across a multitude of platforms and disciplines. It is mainly engaged in establishing and operating outdoor advertising billboards, including roadside and indoor advertisements. The group's operating segments are Advertising and Others. The Advertising segment, which generates a majority of its revenue, is engaged in the provision of indoor and outdoor advertisements. The Others segment includes all types of printing work and retail sales by mail. Geographically, the group derives maximum revenue from its business in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and also has a presence in the Arab Republic of Egypt and the United Arab Emirates.

Meitec Group Holdings Inc formerly Meitec Corp offers staffing in the flexible labour market and engineering solutions for manufacturers. The company provides temporary engineering staffing, senior-workforce development, career development and career change support, global engineering solution outsourcing, prototyping and mold making, mounting and design of circuit boards, and information technology solutions. The core business segment is temporary staffing offering flexible staffing for engineering companies. Meitec operates in Japan.

4imprint Group PLC is engaged in the sale and distribution of promotional products. The company operates in two geographical segments; North America and the United Kingdom and Ireland, Out of which a majority of its revenue is derived from the North American segment. Its products comprise apparel, stationery, technology, and food products among others. The company's plan of action involves achieving organic growth. This implies the use of data-driven, offline, and online direct marketing techniques thereby capturing large and fragmented promotional product markets.

ManpowerGroup Inc provides workforce solutions and services, including recruitment and assessment, upskilling, reskilling, training and development, career management, outsourcing, and workforce consulting. The company leverages its trusted brands, industry knowledge, and AI-enabled assessments and offers an extensive portfolio of training and leadership development solutions. Its reportable segments are Staffing and Interim, Outcome-Based Solutions and Consulting, Permanent Recruitment, and Others, with Staffing and Interim generating the majority of revenue. It operates in the Americas, Southern Europe, Northern Europe, and APME. The company derives the maximum geographical revenue from the Southern European region.

CHEIL Worldwide Inc is a Korean-based advertising and media firm. The company mainly provides strategic, creative, experimental, digital and creative solutions. Its services involve brand activation and retail marketing. It also provides its clients around the world with integrated marketing solutions.

FESCO Group Co Ltd is engaged in the provision of human resources services, including personnel management services, compensation and welfare services, business outsourcing services, recruitment and flexible employment services and others.

Insperity Inc is a company that provides a wide range of human resources and business solutions designed to help businesses improve their performance. Small and midsize enterprises are the company's primary target customers. Majority of the company's products are offered through the company's Workforce Optimization and Workforce Synchronization solutions, which comprise various human resource functions, such as payroll and employment administration, employee benefits and compensation, government compliance, performance management, training and development services, and human capital management. The company generates all of its revenue in the United States.

Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings Inc is a provider of out-of-home advertising solutions. The company offers advertisers an opportunity to reach mass audiences across various high-traffic public spaces, by using its diverse portfolio of assets including roadside billboards, street furniture, and airport displays. Its reportable segments are; America (U.S. operations excluding airports), Airports (U.S. and Caribbean airport operations), and Other. A majority of its revenue is generated from the America segment which generates revenue from the sale of advertising on printed and digital out-of-home advertising displays such as bulletins, posters, street furniture, and others. Geographically, the company generates maximum revenue from the United States followed by Singapore.

Strive Inc is engaged in providing investment advisory, wealth management, and consulting services through its subsidiary. Its objectives is to (i) accumulate Bitcoin; (ii) increase Bitcoin-per-share; and (iii) outperform Bitcoin over the long run by deploying both beta Bitcoin treasury accumulation strategies and alpha investment strategies with the goal of beating Bitcoin’s investment performance as the hurdle rate.

Open Up Group Inc provides human resource services and outsourcing or contracting services for manufacturing companies in Japan and overseas. The business segments of the company include: Mechatronics/IT field: it includes workers dispatching, contracting, consignment business such as development design engineers. Construction area segment includes construction management engineer business / CAD operator dispatch business for customers in construction industry. Manufacturing Area segment includes manufacturing site contracting and dispatch business for customers in manufacturing industry Temporary staffing, outsourcing and referral business for technology and manufacturing fields.

McMillan Shakespeare is a provider of salary packaging, novated leasing, disability plan management and support co-ordination, and fleet management services. It actively works to cross-sell its products to clients, for example, selling its salary packaging services to its fleet management customers in Australia and New Zealand. McMillan dominates Australia’s salary packaging market together with Smartgroup (also covered by Morningstar), and is also a large provider of novated leasing services by volumes—together with Smartgroup and SG Fleet. The group has three operating segments: group remuneration services, asset management services, and plan and support services. Most of the group’s revenue is generated from the group remuneration services segment.

JAC Recruitment Co Ltd provide appropriate and attentive consultation services to both companies seeking talent and candidates who wish to change jobs. Its recruitment services include JAC Recruitment, JAC Digital, JAC Executive, JAC International, JAC Career, VantagePoint, JAC Interim Professional Solutions, JAC RPO, and CareerCross.

Synergie SE is a French company which is engaged in providing companies and institutions with global human resources management and development services including recruitment, temporary employment, training and consultancy, out-placement and social engineering. The company serves its customer in tertiary sectors, cutting-edge industries such as aeronautics and renewable energy, construction and public works, market research, retail, services and new information and communications technologies. The company's revenue comprises billing or human resources management services. It provides its services in France, Belgium, Italy, Spain, Portugal, Canada, and Australia. The majority of the company's revenue comes from France.

Kforce Inc is a solutions firm specializing in technology, finance, accounting, and other professional staffing services. The company operates two business segments: the Technology segment, which provides talent solutions with candidates skilled in areas including systems/applications architecture and development, data management and analytics, business and artificial intelligence, machine learning, project and program management, and network architecture and security. The FA segment offers consultants in traditional finance and accounting roles such as finance, planning and analysis; business intelligence analysis; general accounting; transactional accounting, business and cost analysis; and taxation and treasury. The majority of revenue is earned through the Technology segment.

Hays PLC is a recruitment company, providing staffing solutions across various sectors, including information technology, construction, finance, education, and healthcare. The company generates revenue prominently through fees for placing candidates in permanent, temporary, and contract roles. It also offers workforce solutions such as recruitment process outsourcing, managed service programs, and advisory services. Hays operates its business in four regions: Germany, the United Kingdom & Ireland, Australia & New Zealand, and the Rest of the World. Its business model focuses on matching skilled professionals with employer needs through a network of recruitment consultants and digital platforms, without owning physical labor assets.

Timee Inc is engaged in operating Timee, on-demand job platform.

Barrett Business Services Inc is a provider of payroll administrative services and staffing services. The company categories of services include professional employer services and staffing. Professional employer services offer payroll management, payroll tax services, and workers' compensation coverage solutions, as well as workforce management services, including hiring and termination of employees. Staffing offers temporary staffing services, as well as contract staffing, long-term or indefinite on-site management, and direct placement services. The company operates in the United States of America. It generates maximum revenue from the Professional employer service fees.

Maharah Human Resources Co is a Saudi Arabia-based company. The company engages in temporary employment agency activities for domestic services and temporary employment agency activities for foreign labor services. Its operating segment includes the Corporate Sector, Facility Management Sector, and Individual Sector. Geographically, it derives a majority of revenue from KSA and also has a presence in the UAE. The company serves individuals, industrial and operational, retail, hospitality, healthcare, and commercial sectors.

UT Group Co Ltd is engaged in worker dispatch and outsourcing of permanent employees in manufacturing, design, and development, construction, and other sectors. The firm operates in three segments: Manufacturing Business, Solution Business, and Engineering Business.

Groupe CRIT SA specializes in temporary employment and recruitment services. The company's operating segment includes Temporary employment and recruitment; Airport services and Other services. It generates maximum revenue from the Temporary employment and recruitment segment. Geographically, it derives a majority of revenue from France and also has a presence in the United States; United Kingdom; Spain/Portugal; Switzerland; Africa and Other Countries.

APG SGA SA is a Swiss out-of-home advertising media company. As a media company, it transports advertising messages into public and private areas with posters, screens, and related media as promotions and mobile advertising. This media performance is generated in streets, city centers, pedestrian zones, railway stations, shopping centers, airports, tourist resorts, and on the outside and inside of public transport vehicles. The company's regional segments are Switzerland, and Serbia, out of which a majority of its revenue comes from Switzerland.

Entravision Communications Corp owns and operates Spanish language television and radio stations in the United States. The Company also owns and operates a smaller group of television stations that broadcast English language programming and has operations that provide programmatic advertising technology and services. The Company has organized its operations into two reportable segments. Its media segment includes its television, radio, and digital marketing operations. Its advertising and technology services segment provides programmatic advertising and technology services. The company generates the majority of its revenue from the Media segment. Geographically, the company generates the majority of its revenue from the United States.