Bubbles Intergroup Valuation Multiples

Home Depot is the world's largest home improvement specialty retailer, operating 2,364 warehouse-format stores offering more than 30,000 products in store and 1 million products online in the US, Canada, and Mexico. Its stores offer building materials, home improvement products, lawn and garden products, and decor products and provide various services, including home improvement installation services and tool and equipment rentals. The acquisition of Interline Brands in 2015 allowed Home Depot to enter the MRO business, which has been expanded through the tie-up with HD Supply (2020). The 2024 tie-up with SRS will help grow professional demand in roofing, pool, and landscaping projects, while the 2025 purchase of GMS will lift building product sales through 1,340 distribution locations.

LVMH Moët Hennessy Louis Vuitton is a Paris-based public luxury-goods group created in 1987 through the merger of Moët Hennessy and Louis Vuitton. It owns more than 75 maisons across fashion and leather goods, wines and spirits, perfumes and cosmetics, watches and jewellery, selective retailing, hospitality and media. Major brands include Louis Vuitton, Dior, Fendi, Bulgari, Tiffany, Hennessy, Sephora and Moët & Chandon. The group controls product creation, manufacturing, distribution and retail for many maisons and earns revenue from consumer product sales, hospitality and selective-retailing services. LVMH gives its houses operational autonomy while allocating capital and central resources for long-term brand development. Strategic investments and acquisitions add capabilities, brands and technologies that can serve its luxury and retail ecosystem.

Inditex is a Spanish public fashion retailer headquartered in Arteixo, near A Coruña. Its consumer brands include Zara, Pull&Bear, Massimo Dutti, Bershka, Stradivarius, Oysho, Zara Home and Lefties, distributed through integrated stores and online channels. The group designs, sources, transports and sells apparel, footwear, accessories and home products using shared logistics and technology infrastructure. Revenue comes primarily from retail product sales to consumers, with inventory and fulfilment coordinated across physical and digital channels. At the end of its 2025 financial year, Inditex reported 5,460 stores across 97 markets and more than 163,000 employees. The company also makes selected strategic investments in materials, logistics, retail technology and automation that can support its operating model and supply chain.

Founded in 1987, TJX Companies is the world’s largest off-price apparel and home fashions retailer, operating more than 5,000 stores across nine countries. In fiscal 2026, the company generated roughly $60 billion in sales. TJX operates through four segments: Marmaxx (61% of sales), HomeGoods (17%), TJX Canada (9%), and TJX international (13%). Its off-price model emphasizes branded merchandise at meaningful discounts, driving high traffic and rapid inventory turnover.

Hermes is a 180-year-old family controlled luxury goods company best known for its Birkin and Kelly bags. Its biggest segments are leather goods and saddlery, accounting for over 40% of revenue; clothes and accessories (29% of sales); silk and textiles (7%); and other products such as perfumes, watches, jewellery, and home furnishings. Hermes has about 300 stores globally.

Fast Retailing is Japan’s largest apparel company. It operates the casualwear retail chain Uniqlo, known for its high-quality functional apparel at reasonable prices. Fast Retailing is in charge of product design and sales and outsources almost all of its production to factories in places including China, Vietnam, Bangladesh, Indonesia, and India. It is ranked the second-largest apparel company by sales globally in 2024 per Euromonitor, thanks to the expansion of Uniqlo International. As of February 2025, it ran 3,616 stores globally. Other brands in its portfolio include GU and acquired brands like Theory, Comptoir des Cotonniers, and Princesse tam.tam. The Yanai family owned a 40.86% stake in the firm as of July 2025.

Lowe's is the second-largest home improvement retailer globally, with more than 1,750 stores in the US, after the 2023 divestiture of its Canadian locations (RONA, Lowe's Canada, Réno-Dépôt, and Dick's Lumber). The firm's stores offer products and services for home decorating, maintenance, repair, and remodeling, with maintenance and repair accounting for two-thirds of products sold. Lowe's primarily targets retail do-it-yourself (around 70% of sales) and do-it-for-me customers, but has expanded its professional business clients to 30% from less than 20% in the past six years (set ot expand further with the acquisition of FBM). We estimate Lowe's captures a high-single-digit share of the domestic home improvement market, based on US Census data and management's market size estimates.

Christian Dior SE is a holding company with full ownership of Christian Dior Couture and a controlling interest in LVMH. Christian Dior Couture sells apparel, leather goods, jewelry, and accessories under various Dior brands. The majority of sales are through its retail stores. Through LVMH, the company operates the following business groups: wines and spirits, fashion and leather goods, watches and jewelry, perfumes and cosmetics, and selective retailing. Maximum revenue is generated from its fashion and leather goods business. The Group has dozens of brands throughout its businesses, including Dom Perignon, Hennessy, Louis Vuitton, Fendi, TAG Heuer, and Sephora, among others. Geographically, it derives maximum revenue from Asia (excluding Japan), followed by the USA, and other markets.

EssilorLuxottica is a combination of the leading manufacturer of premium frames and sunglasses and the leading manufacturer of optical lenses. Both companies are significantly larger than the next biggest competitor and command over 15% of the fragmented global eyewear market. The company has a broad geographical presence, with around 37% of sales in Europe, 45% in North America, and the rest in Asia and Latin America.

Ross Stores, founded in 1982, is a US-focused off-price apparel and home fashion retailer operating more than 2,100 stores across 43 states, primarily under the Ross Dress for Less banner, with a smaller footprint through DD’s Discounts. In fiscal 2024, the company generated over $21 billion in sales. Ross offers branded apparel, footwear, accessories, and home goods at a 20%-60% discount to department and specialty store prices, sourcing closeouts and excess inventory from vendors worldwide.

O’Reilly is an aftermarket automotive parts retailer in the United States and Mexico with more than $16 billion in annual sales. The company operates over 6,000 domestic stores and serves both the do-it-yourself (about 50% of sales) and professional (47% of sales) end markets. O’Reilly differentiates itself by providing quality service to its customers throughout the entirety of the vehicle diagnosis and purchasing process. Furthermore, the firm boasts an impressive hub-and-spoke distribution network designed to provide its localized store base with ample aftermarket part availability across a variety of vehicle makes and models.

Wesfarmers is Australia's largest conglomerate. Its retail operations include the Bunnings hardware chain (number one in market share), discount department stores Kmart and Target (number one and three), and Officeworks in office supplies (number one). These activities account for the vast majority of group earnings before taxes. Other operations include chemicals and fertilizers, lithium mining, industrial and safety supplies, and health. Management is focused on generating cash and creating shareholder wealth in the long term.

Nike is the largest athletic footwear and apparel brand in the world. Footwear generates about two-thirds of its sales. Key performance footwear categories include basketball, running, and football (soccer). Its brands include Nike, Jordan (premium athletic footwear and clothing), NikeSkims (women's athleisure), and Converse (casual footwear). Nike sells products worldwide through company-owned stores, franchised stores (including about 5,500 in China), and third-party retailers. The firm also operates e-commerce platforms in more than 40 countries. Nearly all its production is outsourced to contract manufacturers in more than 30 countries. Nike was founded in 1964 and is based in Beaverton, Oregon.

Alimentation Couche-Tard Inc operates a network of convenience stores across North America, Europe, and Asia. The company generates income through the sale of tobacco products, groceries, beverages, fresh food, quick service restaurants, car wash services, other retail products and services, road transportation fuel, stationary energy, marine fuel, and chemicals. In addition, the company operates stores under the Circle K banner in other countries such as Indonesia, Egypt, Macau, and others. Its operation is geographically divided into the U.S., Europe and other regions, and Canada. Revenue from external customers falls mainly into three categories: merchandise and services, road transportation fuel, and others. The company generates the majority of its revenue from the United States.

AutoZone operates as a leading retailer of aftermarket automotive parts in the United States. The firm operates 6,666 stores domestically, serving the do-it-yourself and commercial (do-it-for-me) end markets. Through its vast store footprint and distribution network, AutoZone manages a wide array of stock-keeping units applicable to numerous vehicle makes and models, providing its consumers with ample product availability. The firm drives traffic by providing superior and convenient customer service as AutoZone's team of knowledgeable staff assists consumers with diagnosing a vehicle's problem, selecting the necessary part for replacement, and occasionally, installation. The company also operates internationally, with 895 stores in Mexico and 149 in Brazil.

Titan Company is an Indian publicly listed consumer-products business established in 1984 as a joint venture involving the Tata group and TIDCO. It designs, manufactures, markets and retails jewellery, watches, wearables, eyewear, fragrances and fashion accessories. Its brands include Tanishq, Titan, Fastrack, Sonata, Zoya, Mia, Eyeplus and Skinn. Customers are primarily consumers purchasing through company stores, partner retailers and digital channels in India and selected overseas markets. Revenue comes mainly from product sales, with jewellery contributing the largest share, supplemented by services and retail operations. The company is headquartered in Tamil Nadu and operates manufacturing, design and distribution networks. Titan was an existing Innoviti shareholder before the July 2015 Catamaran-led financing and received board representation, so the database should distinguish that earlier stake from the investors in the new round.

adidas is a German sportswear company headquartered in Herzogenaurach, Bavaria, and the largest sportswear manufacturer in Europe and second-largest in the world after Nike. Its roots go back to July 1924, when Adolf 'Adi' Dassler and his brother Rudolf formed the Gebrüder Dassler Schuhfabrik; after the brothers split, Adi registered adidas on 18 August 1949 while Rudolf founded the business that became Puma. The company designs and markets athletic and lifestyle footwear, apparel and accessories under the adidas brand and its three-stripes mark, selling them through wholesale partners, its own stores and e-commerce. It sponsors athletes, clubs and national teams and has a long association with the FIFA World Cup. adidas bought Reebok for $3.8 billion in 2005–06 and sold it to Authentic Brands Group in 2022 for about $2.5 billion, and it owns an 8.33% stake in FC Bayern Munich. In 2025 the group reported net sales of €24,811 million and employed 64,938 people worldwide. Bjørn Gulden has been chief executive since January 2023.

Kering is the world’s third-largest luxury goods conglomerate by revenue after LVMH and Richemont. Its flagship brand is Gucci, which accounts for over 40% of revenue and over 60% of operating profit. Its other leading brands include Bottega Veneta and Saint Laurent. Other smaller luxury brands (in ready-to-wear, leather goods, and jewellery) generate 19% of sales. Alexander McQueen, Balenciaga, and Boucheron are part of Kering’s portfolio.

With a retail and direct-to-consumer presence, Williams-Sonoma is a player in the $300 billion domestic home category and $450 billion international home market, focused on expanding its exposure in the B2B ($80 billion total addressable market), marketplace, and franchise areas. Namesake Williams-Sonoma (153 stores) offers high-end cooking essentials, while Pottery Barn (183) provides casual home accessories. West Elm (119) is an emerging concept for young professionals, and Rejuvenation (13) offers lighting and house parts. Brand extensions include Pottery Barn Kids and Pottery Barn Teen (45) as well as Mark & Graham and GreenRow. Williams-Sonoma also has a business-to-business team that supports projects that range from residential to large-scale commercial.

Hennes & Mauritz is a global multibrand fashion conglomerate that was founded in 1947. Its flagship H&M brand accounts for most of the revenue, but the newer brands (COS, &Other Stories, Monki, Weekday, and Arket) are growing a bit faster. H&M commands low-single-digit market share in a fragmented global apparel market. Around 66% of revenue is generated in Europe and Africa, 12% in Asia and Oceania, and 22% in North and South America. The company operates around 4,200 stores globally, of which the bulk are H&M brand stores.

Anta Sports is a leading Chinese sportswear company. The company designs, manufactures, and markets sportswear, footwear, and accessories, spanning from value-driven offerings to premium segments. Beyond their core Anta brand, the business operate a multi-brand portfolio including Fila (China), Descente (China), Kolon (China), and holds a major stake in Amer Sports, parent company to globally recognized brands like Salomon, Arc'teryx, and Wilson. This diverse portfolio allows Anta to cater to a broad spectrum of consumers, from professional athletes to athleisure enthusiasts.

Founded in 1968, Casey’s General Stores has become the third-largest convenience store retailer in the United States, operating nearly 3,000 locations across 19 states, primarily in the Midwest. In fiscal 2026, the company generated $17.6 billion in revenue from fuel (60% of sales), grocery and general merchandise (26%), prepared food and dispensed beverages (10%), and areas like wholesale fuel distribution (4%). Casey’s footprint skews rural, with over 70% of stores in areas with fewer than 20,000 residents.

Ulta Beauty is the largest specialized beauty retailer in the US with about 1,500 freestanding stores. The firm offers cosmetics (39% of 2024 sales), fragrances (13%), skin care (23%), and hair care products (19%). It also has salon services, including hair, makeup, skin, and brow, that account for about 4% of its revenue and drive traffic. Outside of the US, Ulta acquired premium beauty retailer Space NK and its 83 stores in the UK and Ireland in 2025, is opening franchised stores in Mexico, and has formed a joint venture to expand into the Middle East. In addition, Ulta collects royalties through its Target partnership (set to end in 2026) and credit card revenue. Ulta was founded in 1990 and is based in Bolingbrook, Illinois.

Asian Paints Ltd manufactures and sells a variety of paint and home improvement products. The firm operates itself as a Paints and Home Decor company which sells interior and exterior paints, metal finish, and wood finish. The home improvement product offerings include kitchen and bathroom products. Asian Paints sells its products to distributors and directly to the home improvement industry through the company's network of retail stores. The majority of revenue comes from India.

Next PLC operates as a retailer, specializing in the sale of clothing, footwear, accessories, and home products. A portion of the company's product offerings comprises items bearing the Next brand. Additionally, the majority of the company's remaining sales occur through retail stores located outside the United Kingdom, which it franchises. The company's segments encompass NEXT Online, NEXT Finance, NEXT Retail, and Other Business Activities. A substantial portion of the company's revenue is derived from customers within the United Kingdom; however, its presence extends to regions such as the Rest of Europe, the Middle East, Asia, and the Rest of the World.

Based in New York City, Tapestry is the parent company of accessories and fashion brand Coach, which accounted for 86% of its revenue and all its operating profit in fiscal 2026. Coach was founded as a leathergoods company in 1941, and handbags represented 58% of its fiscal 2026 revenue. Coach products are sold through nearly 1,000 company-owned stores, company-operated digital channels, and wholesale partners in North America, Asia, and Europe. Tapestry also owns Kate Spade (13% of fiscal 2026 revenue), which operates more than 300 worldwide stores and generated 55% of its revenue from handbags in fiscal 2025. Founded in 1993, Kate Spade is known for its colorful patterns and graphics.

Founded by designer Ralph Lauren (current executive chair and chief creative officer) in 1967 in New York City, Ralph Lauren Corp. designs, markets, and distributes lifestyle merchandise in North America (41% of fiscal 2026 sales), Europe (31%), and Asia (26%). Best known for its iconic polo shirts, its products also include other types of apparel, footwear, eyewear, jewelry, handbags, home goods, and fragrances. The company's brands include Ralph Lauren Collection, Polo Ralph Lauren, and Lauren Ralph Lauren. Distribution channels for Ralph Lauren include wholesale (department stores and specialty stores), retail (company-owned retail stores and e-commerce), and licensing.

Founded in 1949 in Kobe, Japan, Asics is a leading sports footwear brand specializing in performance running shoes. Asics is well-known for its stability running shoe Gel-Kayano, which has been popular among runners for over 30 years thanks to its cushioning technology. It also owns Onitsuka Tiger, which is currently positioned as a premium sportswear lifestyle brand. In 2025, Asics had annual sales of over JPY 810 billion and commands around 10% of the running shoes market share in Japan, the United States, and Europe, a notable achievement for a company that holds only around 4% of the broader global sports footwear market.

Shein Global Holdings Ltd is an online fashion and lifestyle company. It operates online platforms that offer fashion products to consumers mainly in the United States and Europe. The company's portfolio of brands includes SHEIN, Dazy, Romwe, MOTF, Anewsta, Musera, Glowmode, and Aralina. The majority of the company's revenue is derived from the sale of its fashion apparel products.

With over $41 billion in consolidated 2024 sales, Best Buy is the largest pure-play consumer electronics retailer in the US, boasting roughly 8% share of the North American market and around 33% share of offline sales in the region, per our calculations, CTA, and Euromonitor data. The firm generates the bulk of its sales in-store, with mobile phones and tablets, computers, and appliances representing its three largest categories. Recent investments in e-commerce fulfillment, accelerated by the covid pandemic, have seen the US e-commerce channel roughly double from prepandemic levels, with management estimating that it will represent a mid-30% proportion of sales moving forward.

Associated British Foods is a diversified international food, ingredients, and retail group with 138,000 employees and operations in 56 countries across Europe, Africa, the Americas, Asia, and Australia. The group sells branded groceries, grows and processes sugar, supplies farmers with crop input and animal feed, and runs the multinational Primark clothing retail chain. It also supplies ingredients like bakers' yeast, enzymes, lipids, and cereal specialties. In fiscal 2025, approximately 36% of sales came from the UK, and Primark accounted for around 60% of operating profit.On April 21, 2026, ABF announced it plans to separate Primark and the food businesses. Subject to approvals, the demerger is expected to become effective at the end of 2027.

Tractor Supply is the largest operator of retail farm and ranch stores in the United States. The company targets recreational farmers and ranchers and has little exposure to commercial and industrial farm operations. Currently, the company operates 2,395 of its namesake banners in 49 states, along with 207 Petsense by Tractor Supply stores. Stores are generally concentrated in rural communities rather than urban and suburban areas. In fiscal 2025, revenue consisted primarily of livestock, equine & agriculture (around 30%), companion animal (25%), and seasonal & recreation (around 25%).

Burlington Stores Inc is an off-price retailer offering an extensive selection of in-season, fashion-focused merchandise, including women's ready-to-wear apparel, menswear, youth apparel, baby, beauty, footwear, accessories, home, toys, gifts, and coats. The company sells a broad selection of desirable, first-quality, current-brand, labeled merchandise acquired directly from nationally recognized manufacturers and other suppliers. It sells products in categories such as Ladies apparel, Accessories and shoes, Home, Mens apparel, Kids apparel and baby, and Outerwear.

Trent Ltd through its subsidiaries, operates a chain of retail stores. The company offers various brands across women's wear, men's wear, kids' wear, footwear, lingerie, cosmetics, perfumes, handbags, and accessories. It also offers foods, beverages, health and beauty products, vegetables, fruits, dairy products, and others. The company offers these products by operating a portfolio of retail concepts like Westside, Zudio, Samoh, Utsa, Misbu, and others. The company is in the business of retailing/trading predominantly in India.

Ryohin Keikaku Co Ltd operates as a retailer of household and consumer products under the MUJI and IDEE brands. The company conducts its business through four segments: Domestic Business, East Asia Business, Southeast Asia and Oceania Business, and Europe and America Business. The Domestic Business covers product sales in stores and online in Japan, along with procurement and logistics, while the overseas segments engage in product and food-related operations across their respective regions.

Established in 1984, China Tourism Group Duty Free is China’s largest and the world’s second-largest travel retailer in 2024 with revenue of CNY 56.5 billion. The company primarily operates duty-free stores at airports, border crossings, offshore, downtown, and on flights, cruises and ships, with about 200 stores spanning over 33 provinces in China, as well as overseas. The company also operates a duty-paid business and its 2024 revenue mix comprised 69% duty-free sales and 31% duty-paid sales and others. CTG Duty Free is 50% owned by China Tourism Group, a state-owned enterprise that falls directly under the state-owned Asset Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council.

Dick’s Sporting Goods is a retailer that offers sports and outdoor apparel, footwear, and equipment online and in physical stores. The company’s legacy business includes more than 700 stores under its own name, more than 110 Golf Galaxy golf specialty stores, and about 50 outlet stores. In September 2025, Dick’s acquired multinational retailer Foot Locker. With this move, Dick’s added about 2,600 stores under the Foot Locker, Kids Foot Locker, Champs Sports, atmos, and WSS nameplates in North America, the Asia-Pacific, and EMEA—Europe, the Middle East, and Africa. Based in the Pittsburgh area, Dick’s was founded in 1948 by the father of current executive chair and controlling shareholder Edward Stack.

Chow Tai Fook Jewellery Group Ltd is engaged in the jewelry and watch business located in Mainland China. The company's geographical operating segment includes Mainland China and Hong Kong, Macau, and other markets. It generates maximum revenue from Mainland China. Its product categories include rings, bands, necklaces, pendants, earrings, chains, bracelets, and others. The company derives revenue from Gem-set, Gold products, Platinum/Karat gold products, and Watches.

Penske Automotive Group operates in 19 US states and overseas. It has over 150 US and Puerto Rico light-vehicle stores as well as 210 franchised dealerships overseas, primarily in the United Kingdom but also in Australia, Germany, Italy, and Japan. The company is the third-largest US publicly traded dealership in terms of light-vehicle revenue and sells more than 40 brands, with over 90% of retail automotive revenue coming from luxury and import names. Other segments are service and finance and insurance. The firm's Premier Truck Group owns 45 truck dealerships selling mostly Freightliner and Western Star brands, and Penske owns 16 used-vehicle stores, mostly in the US and UK under the CarShop (US) and Sytner Select (UK) brands. Penske is based in Bloomfield Hills, Michigan.

GameStop Corp is a U.S. multichannel video game, consumer electronics, and services retailer. The company operates across Europe, Canada, Australia, and the United States. The company sells new and second-hand video game hardware, physical and digital video game software, and video game accessories, mainly through GameStop, EB Games, and Micromania stores and international e-commerce sites. The majority of sales are from the United States. The company categorizes its products in three categories: Hardware and accessories, Software, and Collectibles. The company generates the majority of its revenue from the sale of Hardware and accessories products.

Moncler is an Italian luxury fashion group known for down jackets and ready-to-wear outerwear, headquartered in Milan. The Moncler brand was founded in 1952 in Monestier-de-Clermont near Grenoble by Rene Ramillon and Andre Vincent, and Remo Ruffini bought the company in 2003 and relaunched it as a luxury brand. The group sells through its own stores, e-commerce and wholesale, and since 2020 also owns the Stone Island brand. It has been listed on the Milan stock exchange since 2013 and is a member of the FTSE MIB index. Remo Ruffini is executive chairman and Bartolomeo Rongone is group chief executive. In 2025 the group reported revenue of 3.13 billion euros and net income of 626.7 million euros, and it had 8,533 employees.

Abu Dhabi National Oil Co For Distribution PJSC is engaged in the marketing of petroleum products, natural gas, and ancillary products. It owns retail fuel stations in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), the Arab Republic of Egypt, and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. In addition, the group also sells petroleum products to government and commercial customers, and provides aviation fuel and fueling services to its clients. Its reportable segments are Commercial (B2B) and Retail (B2C). Maximum revenue is generated from the Retail (B2C) segment, which is engaged in the sale of gasoline and petroleum products, convenience store sales, car wash and other car care services, oil change services, vehicle inspection services, and property leasing and management through the retail sites.

Prada is an Italian luxury fashion group headquartered in Milan, founded in 1913, whose shares are listed in Hong Kong under the code 1913. The group owns the Prada, Miu Miu, Church's, Car Shoe and Versace brands, along with Marchesi 1824 and the Luna Rossa sailing team. Its products include ready-to-wear, bags, footwear and accessories, sold through its own stores and online. Andrea Guerra is chief executive. The group also owns Church's and Car Shoe in footwear and the Marchesi 1824 brand, and it sponsors the Luna Rossa sailing team. Its sales include more than 6 billion euros of revenue once Versace is consolidated, according to press coverage of the deal. In December 2025 it completed the acquisition of Versace from Capri Holdings for an enterprise value of EUR 1.25 billion.

LPP SA makes and sells clothing, footwear, bags, and accessories in Central and Eastern Europe. LPP has nearly 1,500 company-branded retail stores, which serve as the company’s primary sales channel. Brands include Reserved, Cropp, House, Mohito, and Sinsay. Reserved stores account for roughly half of the company’s sales volume. Geographically, most sales are in Poland, and Poland and Russia account for more than 80% of total sales. LPP purchases most of its materials in Asia, and the company’s manufacturers are primarily located in China.

Five Below Inc is a specialty value retailer offering a broad range of trend-right, high-quality products loved by the kid and the kid in all of customers. The Company's edited assortment of products includes select brands and licensed merchandise. The Company also sells its merchandise on the internet, through the Company's e-commerce website and mobile app, offering home delivery and the option to buy online and pick up in store. Additionally, the Company sells merchandise through on-demand third-party delivery services to enable its customers to shop online and receive convenient delivery. It derives revenue from sales of the Company's merchandise to customers.

Aritzia Inc is an integrated design house of exclusive fashion brands. It designs apparel and accessories for its collection of exclusive brands and sells them under the Aritzia banner. The category of products offered by the firm is blouses, T-shirts, pants, dresses, sweaters, jackets and coats, skirts, shorts, jumpsuits, and accessories. The company reports as a single segment and includes all sales channels accessed by the company's clients, including sales through the company's eCommerce website and sales at the company's boutiques. Its geographical segments include Canada and the United States, of which it generates the majority of its revenue from the United States.

Founded in 1973, California-based Deckers designs and sells casual and performance footwear, apparel, and accessories. In fiscal 2025, Ugg and Hoka accounted for 51% and 45% of total sales, respectively. The firm also markets a niche sandal brand called Teva. Deckers produces most of its sales through wholesale partnerships but also operates e-commerce in more than 50 countries and has more than 200 company-operated stores. It generated 64% of its fiscal 2025 sales in the United States.

Founded in Switzerland in 2010, sportswear firm On Holding AG generates about 93% of its sales from athletic shoes. The brand is best known for its running shoes and its distinctive CloudTec soles. On also produces athletic apparel (6% of sales) and accessories (1%). The firm’s merchandise is available in more than 80 countries and is sold through both wholesale (58% of sales) and company-owned channels (42%). In 2025, On generated about 57% of its sales in North America, 26% in Europe, the Middle East, and Africa, and 17% in the Asia-Pacific region.