National Stock Exchange Valuation Multiples

Based in Chicago, CME Group operates exchanges giving investors, suppliers, and businesses the ability to trade futures and derivatives based on interest rates, equity indexes, foreign currencies, energy, metals, and commodities. The Chicago Mercantile Exchange was founded in 1898 and in 2002 completed its IPO. Since then, CME Group has consolidated parts of the industry by merging with crosstown rival CBOT Holdings in 2007 before acquiring Nymex Holdings in 2008 and NEX in 2018. In addition, the company has a 27% stake in S&P Dow Jones Indices, making the Chicago Mercantile Exchange the exclusive venue to trade and clear S&P futures contracts. Through CME's acquisition of NEX, it also expanded into cash foreign exchange, fixed-income trading, and collateral optimization.

Intercontinental Exchange is a vertically integrated operator of financial exchanges and provides ancillary data products. Though the company is probably best known for its ownership of the New York Stock Exchange, which it acquired in 2013, ICE operates a large derivatives exchange, too. The company's largest commodity futures product is the ICE Brent crude futures contract. In addition to the exchanges business, which is about 54% of net revenue, Intercontinental Exchange has used a series of acquisitions to create its mortgage technology business (22% of net revenue) and fixed-income and data-services segment (24% of net revenue).

Deutsche Boerse is a financial exchange company headquartered in Frankfurt, Germany. The company primarily generates revenue through its Eurex and Clearstream segments. Eurex allows for the trading and clearing of derivatives. Clearstream offers custody and settlement services for domestic and international securities, as well as collateral management services. Other segments include Xetra, which generates revenue through trading and clearing cash equities, STOXX (an index business), and several others.

Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing is a vertically integrated securities exchange business offering listing, data, trading, clearing and settlement services across equities, debt and derivatives. HKEx, like Hong Kong itself, functions as a gateway between China and the rest of the world. HKEx serves as a preferred listing venue for Chinese companies outside of China and, through the Connect Scheme, offers two-way trading for a growing group of financial products with the Shanghai Stock Exchange and the Shenzhen Stock Exchange.

London Stock Exchange Group is a financial-markets infrastructure and information group operating exchanges, clearing, index, data, and workflow businesses. The organization serves B2B, B2G customers and counterparties through the operating assets, products, or financial capabilities described in the cited transaction materials. Its principal economics are Services, Subscription, Licensing, while its competitive position depends on sector expertise, asset quality, customer relationships, execution, and disciplined capital allocation. The business was founded in 2007 and is headquartered in London. The 2007 investment concerned the newly formed listed group around the London Stock Exchange and gave Qatar Holding a strategic blocking-scale position. The profile reflects the legal or operating business at the transaction date, including its historical identity where a subsequent listing, merger, privatization, disposal, or reorganization changed its name or ownership.

Nasdaq is an American financial technology and exchange operator headquartered at One Liberty Plaza in New York City and listed on its own Nasdaq Stock Market (NDAQ) as an S&P 500 member. It was founded on February 8, 1971 by the National Association of Securities Dealers as the world's first electronic stock market and became a public company in 2000. It runs the Nasdaq Stock Market, the Philadelphia and Boston stock exchanges and seven Nordic and Baltic exchanges in Copenhagen, Helsinki, Iceland, Riga, Stockholm, Tallinn and Vilnius, which came from its 2008 combination with OMX. The company earns listing and trading fees, sells market data, indexes and analytics, and licenses capital-markets, risk, regulatory and anti-financial-crime software to banks, brokers, asset managers, corporates and other exchanges. Its financial technology business was built largely through acquisitions of fraud-detection provider Verafin in 2020 and risk and regulatory software maker Adenza in 2023. In 2025 Nasdaq reported revenue of $8.26 billion and net income of $1.79 billion, and it had 9,162 employees in 2024. Adena Friedman is chair and chief executive.

Founded in 1973, Cboe controls the largest option exchange in the US, which provides around 60% of the firm's revenue. The company is best known for its proprietary S&P 500 and VIX index options, which it offers through an exclusive contract with S&P Global. The firm moved into US and European equities through the $3.4 billion acquisition of BATS in 2017. Cboe has continued to look to expand internationally, using acquisitions to build a presence in both Canada and Australia.

Founded in 1998 and headquartered in New York City, Tradeweb Markets is a leading fixed-income trading platform. While it does offer electronic processing for some voice-negotiated trades, the company focuses primarily on providing electronic trading networks that connect broker/dealers, institutional clients, and retail customers. While the company offers trading in a wide variety of products, the bulk of its business is in US and European government debt, mortgage-backed securities, interest-rate swaps, and US and international corporate bonds. The firm also sells fixed-income trading and price data, primarily through a deal with Refinitiv’s Eikon service.

B3 SA - Brasil Bolsa Balcao is a financial market exchange. Its services consist of trading, clearing, and other post-trade services. The company's activities are carried out through its trading systems and clearinghouses and include transactions with securities, interbank foreign exchange, and securities under custody in the special system for settlement and custody. The company's segment involves: Listed; OTC; Infrastructure for Financing; and Technology, Data and Services. It derives maximum revenue from Listed Segment.

Euronext is a pan-European market infrastructure group registered in Amsterdam with its operational headquarters in Paris. It was spun off from Intercontinental Exchange and listed on its own markets in June 2014. The group runs regulated stock exchanges in Amsterdam, Athens, Brussels, Dublin, Lisbon, Milan, Oslo and Paris, and offers listing, trading, clearing, custody and settlement services together with market data, indices and corporate software. Its clearing house Euronext Clearing is based in Rome, and its central securities depositories operate as Euronext Securities. It also owns the Nord Pool power market. Growth has come through acquisitions including the Irish Stock Exchange, Oslo Borse VPS, VP Securities in Copenhagen, Borsa Italiana, Admincontrol and a majority of the Athens exchange. Revenue was 1.823 billion euros in 2025, and the chief executive since 2015 is Stephane Boujnah.

Singapore Exchange is a vertically integrated securities exchange business, offering listing-, data-, trading-, clearing- and settlement services across equities, debt and derivatives. Singapore Exchange, like Singapore itself, is remarkably outward-facing and offers some of the most liquid and widely traded equity derivative products for various regional markets, including the FTSE China A50 Index Futures.

Japan Exchange Group is a vertically integrated securities exchange business, which includes the Tokyo Stock Exchange, Osaka Exchange, and Tokyo Commodity Exchange. JPX ranks among the top five largest stock exchange operators in the world by market capitalization, and its Nikkei 225 and Topix derivatives products are some of the most widely traded derivatives products in the world.

BSE Ltd operates as a stock exchange and is one of the exchange groups in India. The company operates through one segment namely Stock Exchange Operations i.e. Facilitating Trading in Securities and other related ancillary Services, while generating a majority of its revenues through stock exchange activities. It predominantly provides a trading platform for over 5000 companies that are listed on its exchange. The exchange offers various services such as trading in equity, debt instruments, derivatives, and mutual funds. BSE also offers its customers other services such as risk management, market data services, and educational programs. Geographically, the company generates a majority of its revenue from its customers within India.

TMX Group Ltd is a company that operates several markets to provide investment opportunities for its clients. The company has four operating segments: Global Solutions, Insights & Analytics, Capital Formation, Derivatives Trading & Clearing, and Equities and Fixed Income Trading & Clearing. The maximum of its revenue is from Global Solutions, Insights & Analytics, which deliver equities data, index data as well as integrated data sets to fuel high value proprietary and third party analytics, which help clients make trading and investment decisions. The company geographically operates in Canada, USA, UK, Germany, and Other Countries, with maximum revenue from Canada.

Australian Securities Exchange is a vertically integrated securities exchange business offering listing, data, trading, clearing, and settlement services across equities, debt, and derivatives. ASX benefits from various effective monopolies across its business and a disproportionately large listings business from Australia’s outsize natural resources sector.

Multi Commodity Exchange of India Ltd is an India-based deemed Stock Exchange recognized under the Securities Contracts (Regulation) Act, 1956. The company facilitates online trading, and clearing and settlement of commodity futures transactions, thereby providing a platform for risk management. The company is a demutualized Exchange and has permanent recognition from the Government of India to facilitate nationwide online trading, clearing, and settlement operations of commodity derivatives. The company derives its revenues from transaction fees, admission fees, annual subscription fees, terminal charges, connectivity income, interest income, dividends from and gains on the sale of investments and other miscellaneous income.

StoneX Group Inc is a brokerage and financial services firm. Its service offerings are execution, OTC / Market-Making, advisory services, payment solutions, market intelligence, Physical Trading and clearing services. The firm operates in four segments: Commercial, Institutional, Self-Directed/Retail, and Payments. Its customers include governmental and nongovernmental organizations, commercial banks, brokers, institutional investors, and investment banks. The company operates in the United States, South America, Europe, the Middle East and Asia, and other countries, out of which the majority of revenue is generated from the Middle East and Asia Region.

Allfunds is a fund distribution platform connecting fund houses and distributors, creating a single access point for both sides to gain a wider reach with regard to assets under administration and fund variety, respectively. As of 2024, Allfunds had EUR 1.6 trillion in assets under administration stemming from about 860 distributors on its platform. In return, distributors gained access to about 156,000 funds from 3,300 different fund houses. Allfunds also provides ancillary services to both fund houses and distributors, covering the marketing, distribution, legal, regulatory, as well as data and analytics needs arising in the fund distribution space. Allfunds derives the majority of its revenue from Italy, Spain, and France.

Founded in 2000, MarketAxess is a leading electronic fixed-income trading platform that connects broker/dealers and institutional investors. The company is primarily focused on credit based fixed income securities with its main trading products being US investment-grade and high-yield bonds, Eurobonds, and Emerging Market corporate debt. Recently the company has expanded more aggressively into Treasuries and municipal bonds with the acquisitions of LiquidityEdge and MuniBrokers in 2019 and 2021, respectively. The company also provides pre- and post-trade services with its acquisition of Regulatory Reporting Hub from Deutsche Börse Group in 2020 adding to its product offerings.

Virtu Financial Inc is a financial firm that leverages technology to deliver liquidity to the world-wide markets and transparent trading solutions to its clients. The company's operating segment includes Market Making; and Execution Services. The non-operating segment of the company includes the Corporate segment. The company generates maximum revenue from the market-making segment. The Market Making segment principally consists of market-making in the cash, futures, and options markets across equities, options, fixed income, currencies, and commodities. Geographically, it derives a majority of its revenue from the United States and also has a presence in Ireland and Other Countries.

Tel Aviv Stock Exchange Ltd is engaged in managing a securities stock exchange and in related activities. The company deals in securities, indices, derivative market, securities listing, research, statistics, and others.

Saudi Tadawul Group Holding Co provides trading, clearing, and settlement services in securities in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. It also provides services related to innovation in technology. The company's segment includes Capital Markets; Post Trade; Data and Technology Services and Corporate. It generates maximum revenue from the Post Trade segment.

Miami International Holdings Inc is a technology-driven leader in building and operating regulated financial marketplaces across multiple asset classes and geographies. Its MIAX Exchange marketplaces are enabled by its in-house built, proprietary technology. It maintains a broad portfolio of U.S. exchange and clearing licenses, in both securities and futures. The company operates markets across a diverse number of asset classes including options and cash equities as well as futures and options on futures.

Dubai Financial Market PJSC operates as a regulated secondary market for the trading of securities issued by public shareholding companies, bonds issued by federal or local governments, local public institutions, and mutual funds as well as other local or foreign financial instruments. The company is focused on trading in financial instruments, acting as a commercial, industrial and agricultural holding and trust company, financial investment consultancy, and brokerage in local and foreign shares and bonds. It is engaged in a single segment of operating stock exchanges and related clearing house. The company derives the majority of revenue from Trading commission fees and rest from Brokerage fees, Clearing, settlement and depository fees, Listing and market data fees, and Other fees.

Compagnie Financiere Tradition SA is a Switzerland-based interdealer broking firm. It acts as a marketplace and an intermediary and facilitates transactions between financial institutions and other professional traders in the capital markets. Its Financial and non-financial products include bonds, interest rates, index futures, currency and credit derivatives, equities, precious metals, energy and environmental products and others. Its geographical segments are Europe, Middle East and Africa; Americas and Asia-Pacific.

Tradegate AG Wertpapierhandelsbank is a Germany-based company. It is engaged in providing banking and financial services. In addition to retail banking, the company focuses on the trading of several domestic and foreign securities on the Tradegate Exchange, and the Frankfurt and Berlin stock exchanges. The company's main business activity consists of market specialist activities and market making; it acts as a Market Specialist on the Tradegate Exchange and the Frankfurt Stock Exchange and as an order book manager on the Berlin Stock Exchange. It extends its services to the securities listing on the stock exchanges in Munich, Stuttgart, Hamburg, Hanover, and Dusseldorf.

Boursa Kuwait Securities Co KPSC operates as a financial exchange and clearing house in Kuwait. The company also provides securities-related services to participants in the financial sector. Its segments includes securities exchange and clearing, out of which the majority is from the securities exchange.

Bursa Malaysia Bhd operates a fully integrated exchange that offers a comprehensive products, mostly to the Association of Southeast Asian Nations. These include equities, derivatives, offshore, and Islamic products. The company also provides exchange-related services, including trading, clearing, and settling, as well as depository services. It is home to hundreds of companies listed either on the main market or the ACE market, depending on size. The company emphasizes facilitating a more conducive trading environment, the availability of tradeable alternatives, and developing a regional marketplace with access through collaborations and alliances, among other initiatives. Its primary source of revenue is securities market, followed by derivatives market.

Securitize Holdings Inc provides a platform for tokenized real-world assets specializing in tokenizing real-world assets (RWAs) like funds, equities, and fixed income on blockchain networks. The company operates across two primary verticals: i) Tokenization: It consists of on-chain infrastructure and tokenization & distribution, ii) Asset Servicing: It covers post-issuance transfer agent and fund management services. The majority of the company's revenue is derived from the Tokenization vertical.

Bolsas Y Mercados Argentinos SA offers transactions, liquidity, custody, pre and post negotiation through capital market platform. Additionally, it also offers Trading Platform Millennium together with quality and security Standards applied in the main Markets around the world.

Flow Traders Ltd is a financial technology company operating in the financial markets, using its proprietary technology platform to provide liquidity by quoting bid and ask prices in financial products. It ensures the provision of liquidity to support the uninterrupted functioning of financial markets. The company's core trading focus is on exchange-traded products (ETPs), enabling investors to buy and sell ETPs by quoting bid and ask prices under virtually all market circumstances and also has expanded into fixed income, commodities, digital assets, and foreign exchange. The company's reportable segments are; Europe which generates key revenue, the Americas, and Asia.

Warsaw Stock Exchange is a securities exchange based in Poland whose core activities include organizing exchange trading in financial instruments and activities related to such trading. The group also pursues activities in education, promotion, and information concerning the capital market. The company has traditionally generated listed interest from both local and regional European companies but primarily from small and medium-sized Polish companies. In addition to stock and bond offerings, the exchange also offers trading in debt instruments, derivatives, commodities, and structured products. Sales revenue is classified according to three main business segments: financial market, commodity market, and other.

Bolsa Mexicana de Valores SAB de CV is a public securities exchange operating in Mexico but with listings from both Mexican and foreign issuers. Its services include trading, listing, custody, clearing, and settlement, as well as counterparty services and data sales. The company's sources of revenue include cash equities, derivatives, over-the-counter activity, issuers, custody, and information services. Majority of the company's revenue is driven by trading volume.

Indian Energy Exchange Ltd is an India-based power trading platform provider. It is a power exchange for spot trading in power/electricity, trading of Renewable Energy Certificates (REC), and Energy Saving Certificates (ESCerts). The main activity of the company is to provide an automated platform and infrastructure for carrying out trading in electricity units for the physical delivery of electricity.

Nuam SA is a regional holding company that integrates the stock exchanges of Chile (Santiago), Colombia, and Peru (Lima) into a single unified capital market.

Jse Ltd operates in South Africa but offers its services to local and global investors seeking exposure to the broader African continent. The Johannesburg Stock Exchange offers primary and secondary capital markets across a diverse range of securities, supported by its post-trade and regulatory services. JSE's main lines of business include Capital Markets, Post-Trade Services, and Information Services. The company's business model also emphasizes technological innovation to support and drive its trading, clearing, and settlement services. It offers five financial markets, principally equity and bonds, as well as financial, commodity, and interest-rate derivatives.

Euronext Athens Holding SA operates the Greek capital market, offering trading, clearing, settlement, and registry services for equities, derivatives, bonds, and energy markets.

OTC Markets Group Inc operates financial markets for securities in the U.S. and globally. The firm mainly operates OTCQX best market, OTCQB venture market and Pink open market. It has OTC link ATS, market data licensing and corporate services business lines. The activities of these business lines encompass quotation and trade messaging services, network-based platform, access to market data, a suite of market data licenses and disclosure and information services. It derives a majority of its revenue from the U.S.

Leonteq AG is a Swiss fintech company with a marketplace for structured investment solutions. Based on proprietary modern technology, the company offers derivative investment products and services. Leonteq acts as both a direct issuer of its products and as a partner to other financial institutions. Leonteq further enables life insurance companies and banks to produce capital-efficient, unit-linked pension products with guarantees. The company has a presence in its home market of Switzerland and other parts of Europe, as well as an established footprint in Asia and other regions.

Bolsa de Valores de Colombia SA is a operator of the Colombian capital markets infrastructure. The company offers solutions and services for Issuers (issuer services and issuances), Trading (access, transactions, and registration), Post-trading (risk management, clearing, settlement, custody, and securities administration), and Information (market information and price provision) in the transactional and OTC markets for equities, fixed income, derivatives, and foreign exchange.

NZX Ltd facilitates capital raising and securities trading. Its main function is to provide a market for the trading, clearing, and settlement of securities. It also provides market data relating to listed companies and indexes. It operates the New Zealand securities, derivatives, and energy markets, builds and maintains the infrastructure on which it operates, and provides a range of information and data to support market growth and development on a scale. NZX also provides wealth management services for New Zealand advisers via its Wealth Technologies business. Its segments include Markets which generates key revenue, Funds Management, and Wealth Technologies.

The Philippine Stock Exchange Inc is a Philippines-based stock corporation. The company's business is to provide and maintain a convenient and suitable market for the exchange, purchase, and sale of all types of securities and other instruments. The company provides trading, clearing, depository, and information services for the equity market. It also operates activities of clearance and settlement agencies through its wholly-owned subsidiaries. The sources of revenue mainly consist of listing-related fees for initial public offerings, annual listing maintenance membership, transactions, data feeds, and miscellaneous fees.

EUWAX AG is based in Germany. It trades securitised derivatives, provides liquidity for German equities and other trading instruments at the Stuttgart stock exchange. It manages various asset classes, such as securitized derivatives, domestic equities, bonds, and active and passive funds.

Matba Rofex Sociedad Anonima is an agricultural futures and options Exchange in Latin America. Approximately, more than 75 members trade futures and options contracts on agricultural commodities using the open outcry system or company's electronic platform. The company registers, guarantees, clears and settles every contract traded at the Exchange. It also offers through Fundación MATba a large number of educational and training programs. These programs cover a range of topics involving derivatives, strategies and back office administration, among others.

Budapest Stock Exchange PLC is engaged in the money and capital markets in Hungary. The Company provides corporations with opportunities to raise capital and offers investors a wide range of investment instruments. Its activities include listing services, trading services, dissemination of market information, and product development. The Company is a central player in the domestic money and capital market, providing financial resources to companies and promoting their development through financing via the capital sector, while enabling investors to participate in the growth of Hungarian companies and the domestic economy.

Bursa De Valori Bucuresti SA is engaged in the management of the financial markets. The company's segment includes Capital markets, Post-trading services, Registry services, FCI services and Other services. The capital markets segment includes trading of securities and financial instruments transactions on regulated markets. Post-trading services include services provided after a transaction is completed and the bank account is debited, and the securities are transferred to the portfolio. Registry services include storage and updating of the registry of stakeholders for the listed companies. FCI services and other services are related to the investor's compensation scheme. The majority of the company's revenue is generated from Trading services.

Bolsa Mercantil de Colombia SA is engaged in the marketing of agricultural, agro-industrial and other commodities goods, and other commodities. It also provides interests, securities, futures and options contracts, and derivative instruments through a commodity exchange.

Pakistan Stock Exchange Ltd is engaged in conducting, regulating and controlling the trade or business of purchasing, selling and trading in debentures stock, government papers, shares, scrips, stocks, bonds, loans, and any other instruments and securities. The products of the company involve Equity Segments, known as Ready Market (T+2), Bills & Bonds (for trading in government debt securities & corporate debt), Futures Counter, Deliverable Futures Contracts, Stock Index Futures, Negotiated Deal Market, REIT, Exchange Traded Funds and GEM Board.