GS Holdings Valuation Multiples

McDonald’s is the world’s largest restaurant brand, with nearly $131 billion in systemwide sales across more than 44,000 restaurants and over 100 markets. The quick-service chain built its early reputation on speed, consistency, and affordable hamburgers, and today its global menu spans burgers, chicken, breakfast, and beverages that have helped popularize American fast-food cuisine worldwide. The firm derives the bulk of its revenue from franchise royalties and rent (about 61%), with the remainder stemming from company-operated restaurants across three segments: the United States (41% of systemwide sales), international operated markets (34%), and international developmental/licensed markets (25%).

Starbucks stands out as the world's biggest and most recognizable coffee brand, powered by ultracustomizable beverages in-store and a sweeping footprint of nearly 41,000 cafes in over 80 countries. About 52% are company-operated, with the balance run by licensees. The company operates roasteries and sells across its North America (74% of revenue as of the end of fiscal 2025), international (21%), and channel development (5%) segments. The brand collects revenue from company-operated stores, licensee royalties, equipment and product sales, retail ready-to-drink beverages, and packaged coffee.

Compass Group is the largest foodservice company globally, operating in 30 countries and generating annual sales exceeding $30 billion. Compass' model is to operate on-premises catering facilities, rather than centralized industrial kitchens. Foodservice is Compass' focus and contributes more than 85% of revenue. Compass also has its own group purchasing organization, Foodbuy, which is responsible for over $30 billion in annual spending in the US. The company also provides premium support services to clients.

Chipotle is a leading fast-casual, Mexican-inspired restaurant chain, generating $11.3 billion in sales across 3,644 company-operated US locations, 82 international units primarily in Canada and Europe, and three licensed stores operated with Alshaya Group in the Middle East at the end of 2024. The firm’s revenue is primarily driven by food and beverage sales at its company-owned restaurants, supplemented by delivery fees generated through its first-party digital channels. Chipotle emphasizes ingredients with no artificial flavors and utilizes an efficient, assembly-line service model to serve mainly customizable burritos, bowls, salads, quesadillas, and tacos.

As of the end of 2024, Yum Brands generated over $65 billion in systemwide sales from more than 61,000 restaurants across 155 markets, making it the world’s second-largest restaurant firm by dollar sales. Its portfolio includes KFC (31,981 stores), Pizza Hut (20,225), Taco Bell (8,757), and Habit Burger (383), with 70% of locations in international markets. As 98% of its portfolio is franchised, Yum’s business model is tilted toward recurring franchise royalties and marketing contributions (66% of revenue), with the balance derived from sales at company-owned locations. The company traces its roots to a 1997 spinoff of PepsiCo’s restaurant assets.

Restaurant Brands International LP is a Canada-based firm. It owns, operates and franchises quick-service restaurants and possesses market recognition. The company has five segments Tim Hortons (TH), Burger King (BK), Popeyes Louisiana Kitchen (PLK), Firehouse Subs( FHS), Restaurant Holdings (RH) and International (INTL). It derives maximum profit from the Tim Hortons segment.

Restaurant Brands generates about $44 billion in system sales across more than 32,000 restaurants in over 120 markets, making it one of the largest restaurant companies globally. Its banners include Burger King (7,082 stores), Tim Hortons (4,539), Popeyes (3,520), and Firehouse Subs (1,345), concentrated in the US and Canada, with these brands also comprising 15,639 franchised international locations as of year-end 2024. The firm primarily earns revenue from franchise and property fees, supply chain sales within the Tim Hortons segment, company-operated restaurants, and advertising royalties.

Darden Restaurants is the largest restaurant operator in the US full-service space, with consolidated revenue of $12.1 billion in fiscal 2025. The company maintains a portfolio of 11 restaurant brands: Olive Garden, LongHorn Steakhouse, Cheddar’s Scratch Kitchen, Ruth's Chris Steak House, Yard House, The Capital Grille, Seasons 52, Eddie V’s, Bahama Breeze, The Capital Burger, and Chuy's. Darden generates revenue almost exclusively from company-owned restaurants, though a small network of franchised restaurants and consumer-packaged goods sales through the traditional grocery channel contribute modestly. At the end of fiscal 2025, the company operated 2,159 restaurants in the US.

Aramark, founded in 1936 and headquartered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, is a foodservice company that provides facility management and workplace solutions. The company primarily generates revenue from its North American food and support services segment, serving clients such as schools, healthcare facilities, and entertainment venues.

Yum China is the largest restaurant operator in China, with over 18,000 locations and USD 12 billion in systemwide sales as of 2025. It generates revenue primarily from its own restaurants and franchise fees. While KFC and Pizza Hut are its flagship brands, Yum China's portfolio also includes Little Sheep, Taco Bell, Huang Ji Huang, and Lavazza. As a trademark licensee of Yum Brands, Yum China pays 3% of KFC and Pizza Hut's systemwide sales to its former parent, from which it spun off in 2016. However, even before the separation, Yum China was granted substantial autonomy, giving its Chinese leadership decision-making authority over menu, supply chain, and marketing—an unusual practice for Western chains at the time.

Madison Air Solutions Corp is an HVAC and indoor air-quality technology company. Its segments are Commercial and Residential. It generates the majority of its revenue from the Commercial segment, which includes Commercial businesses that deliver well-engineered, custom, and semi-custom air quality systems to support process control, regulatory compliance, energy efficiency, and productivity in mission-critical environments; and the Residential segment, anchored by trusted brands like AprilAire, Broan-NuTone, Zephyr, and Others. Its geographic areas are the U.S, the Americas, Europe, and Other. The group generates the majority of its revenue from the U.S market.

Zensho Holdings Co Ltd is a Japan-based company engaged management of food service chain restaurants and the development of sales systems and food processing systems. It operates a wide range of food-related businesses through segments including Global Sukiya, Global Hama Sushi, Global Fast Food, Restaurant, and Retail. The group manages the domestic and international expansion of the beef bowl chain Sukiya and the sushi chain Hamazushi, develops various fast-food businesses, operates restaurants in Japan and overseas, and manages supermarkets and related retail operations.

Rentokil Initial is the largest global provider of route-based pest control and commercial hygiene services, operating in 89 countries, with its largest operations in the United States following the acquisition of Terminix. The group also offers a range of specialist route-based services, including office and commercial space plant care, property care, and workwear rentals. The group serves a diverse client base of global food producers, hotel chains, industrial goods companies, restaurants, and individual residential customers.

Texas Roadhouse Inc is a restaurant company operating predominantly in the casual dining segment. The company manages its restaurant and franchising operations by concept and, as a result, has identified Texas Roadhouse, Bubba’s 33, Jaggers, and retail initiatives as separate operating segments. In addition, it has identified Texas Roadhouse and Bubba's 33 as reportable segments. Maximum revenue for the company is generated from the Texas Roadhouse segment, which is a moderately priced, full-service, casual dining restaurant concept offering steaks, a selection of ribs, seafood, chicken, pork chops, pulled pork, vegetable plates, and an assortment of hamburgers, salads, and sandwiches.

Indian Hotels Co Ltd is an owner and operator of hotels and resorts, domiciled in India. The company operates its hotels and resorts under the Taj, Vivanta, Ginger, Seleqtions, and other brands. Indian Hotels reports revenue across the following business lines: room income; food, restaurants, and banquet income; membership fees; management and operating fees; and others. Room income contributes a majority to the company's revenue, followed by food, restaurants, and banquet income. Indian Hotels derives the majority of its revenue domestically.

Domino's is the world's largest pizza chain, surpassing $19 billion in system sales with over 21,300 stores across more than 90 markets at the end of 2024. Around 33% of its units are in the US. The business is 99% franchised. Domino's operates through three segments: supply chain (60% of revenue), US stores (33%), and international franchises (7%). The firm generates the bulk of its revenue by supplying food to stores in the US and Canada through a vertically integrated network of 25 manufacturing and supply chain facilities, which primarily produce and distribute dough, and collecting brand royalties and marketing fees from franchisees. Domino's also generates revenue from sales at company-owned stores.

Luckin Coffee Inc is a China based company engaged in operation of coffee stores. It sources its Arabica coffee beans from various suppliers and engage World Barista Champion teams to design its coffee recipes. The company also has partnered with suppliers for other products such as juices and light meals.

Sodexo is one of the largest food service companies globally, operating in 45 countries with annual sales exceeding EUR 20 billion. Sodexo's model rests on operating on-premises catering facilities, rather than centralized industrial kitchens. Food services remain the largest business segment, contributing 66% of revenue in 2024. Sodexo has its own group purchasing organization, or GPO, Entegra, with annual purchasing of over EUR 37 billion. The company spun off its benefits and service business, Pluxee, and now focuses on food services and its second business, facilities-management services.

Brinker International Inc operates casual dining restaurants under the brand's Chili Grill and Bar (Chili's) and Maggiano's Little Italy (Maggiano's). Chili's falls in the Bar and Grill category of casual dining. Its menu features Fresh Mex and Fresh Tex favorites including signature items such as slow-smoked baby back ribs, craft burgers, fajitas, and bottomless chips and salsa paired with tableside guacamole. Maggiano's is an Italian restaurant brand with a full lunch and dinner menu offering chef-prepared, such as appetizers, chicken, seafood, veal and prime steaks, and desserts. The company generates maximum revenue from Chili's segment.

Food & Life Companies Ltd owns and operates a revolving sushi-style restaurant chain. The company operates under the Sushiro brand. It has operations in Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Singapore, and Thailand.

McDonald's Holdings Co (Japan) Ltd has a license to operate McDonald’s fast-food restaurants in Japan. It is engaged in the operation and management of hamburger restaurant chains under the McDonald’s brand. The company pays royalties for licensed rights and, in Japan, provides sub-licenses for its know-how and trademarks to franchisees operating its franchise restaurants, from whom it earns royalty income.

Guming Holdings Ltd is a company in China. It operates under a franchise model under the Good Me brand. The Good Me stores offer three categories of beverages: Fruit tea beverages, Milk tea beverages, Coffee beverages, and others. It is principally engaged in the operation of a franchised retail network and the trading of ingredients and other related products of freshly-made beverages and equipment.

Haidilao, founded in Sichuan in 1998, is a prominent Chinese hot pot restaurant operator. Following the spinoff of its international unit Super Hi, Haidilao now focuses solely on managing restaurants in Greater China.By the end of 2024, the chain operated over 1,300 stores in Greater China, generating more than CNY 40 billion in systemwide sales, making it one of the largest restaurant operators in China. The majority of its restaurants are company-owned, with only a small fraction franchised.

ISS AS is a provider of workplace and facility service solutions with a focus on cleaning, property, catering, support, security, and facility management. It has four segments: Financial services, Professional services, Technology, and Life sciences. Its core services offered to customers consist of cleaning, food, technical, and workplace services. Revenue is mainly generated in European end markets, with the majority earned in the United Kingdom.

Cava Group Inc owns and operates a chain of restaurants. It operates a Mediterranean-inspired fast-casual restaurant brand offering menu items. The company's dips, spreads, and dressings are centrally produced and sold in grocery stores. The company's operations are conducted as two reportable segments: i) CAVA: It includes the operations of all company-owned CAVA restaurants, and ii) CAVA Foods: It includes the production of dips, spreads, and certain dressing bases used in CAVA restaurants as well as sales from the Company's consumer packaged goods business. The company generates the majority of its revenue from the CAVA segment.

Dutch Bros Inc is an operator and franchisor of drive-thru coffee shops that are focused on serving hand-crafted beverages. The company's hand-crafted beverage-focused lineup features hot and cold espresso-based beverages, cold brew coffee products, proprietary energy drinks, tea, lemonade, smoothies, and other beverages. The company has two reportable operating segments Company-operated shops and Franchising. It derives maximum revenue from Company-operated shops.

Elis SA provides multiservice solutions to various end markets including the hospitality, healthcare, and commerce industries. The company’s products and services include providing flat linen, workwear, hygiene products, and well-being services. The company operates in various countries across Europe and Latin America, with a majority of revenue stemming from France.

Americana Restaurants International PLC is a diversified, pan-regional restaurant platform operator. It operates iconic brands such as KFC, Pizza Hut, Hardee's, Krispy Kreme, and TGI Fridays, along with proprietary brands such as Wimpy and Chicken Tikka. The company operates restaurants under a portfolio of different brands across key consumer verticals and occasions, including key Quick Service Restaurant categories (chicken, burger, and pizza), fast casual, casual dining, indulgence, and coffee concepts. Its reportable business segments are: the main Gulf Cooperation Council countries, which include KSA, Kuwait, and UAE, Lower Gulf countries (comprising Qatar, Oman, and Bahrain), North Africa (Egypt and Morocco), and Others (Kazakhstan, Iraq, Lebanon, and Jordan).

Brookfield Business Partners LP is a business services and industrials company. It focused on operating businesses that are either low-cost producers and benefit from high barriers to entry. The company's operating segment includes Business services; Infrastructure services; Industrials and Corporate and other. It generates maximum revenue from the Business Services segment. Geographically operates in USA, Europe, Australia, Brazil, Canada, UK, Mexico and Other, majority of revenue is from UK.

Charoen Pokphand Foods PCL operates in agro-industrial and integrated food businesses. The group’s business operations are located throughout Thailand and overseas. The businesses are divided into two main segments namely the livestock business which comprises chicken, duck and pigs and the aquaculture business comprises shrimp and fish. The two main businesses are vertically integrated, starting from sourcing raw materials for animal feed production, manufacturing animal feed, breeding animals, farming animals for commercial purposes, primary processing meat, producing ready-to-eat food products, and including operating food retail outlets and restaurants.

Skylark Holdings Co Ltd is engaged in the restaurant business through its group of brands, including Gusto, Bamiyan, Shabu-Yo, Jonathan’s, Yumean, Steak Gusto, and Sukesan. The company operates a single reportable segment, the Restaurant Business, which provides table service to general consumers through various restaurant formats. The business involves sourcing, cooking, and delivering ingredients to stores, maintaining similar economic characteristics across its operations.

UniFirst Corp provides uniform and workwear programs, facility management, and safety supplies and services across North America. It designs, manufactures, rents, cleans, and sells uniforms and protective clothing, including flame-resistant and high-visibility garments. It also offers industrial wiping products, floor mats, cleaning supplies, first aid cabinets, and fire protection services such as inspection and maintenance. Serving various industries, the company provides customized uniforms and specialized cleaning for nuclear and cleanroom facilities. It operates through three segments: Uniform & Facility Service Solutions, First Aid & Safety Solutions, and Other, with the majority of revenue from Uniform & Facility Service Solutions.

Jersey Mike's Subs Inc is a fast-casual restaurant franchisor operating more than 3,300 locations across the United States and Canada. It offers sandwiches and related food products, with its menu featuring freshly sliced meats and cheeses and a range of recipes.

The Cheesecake Factory Inc is a restaurant company that owns and operates multiple casual dining brands across the United States and Canada under brands that include The Cheesecake Factory, North Italia, Flower Child, and additional brands within its Fox Restaurant Concepts portfolio. The company's international presence, in the Middle East and Mexico, is through licensing agreements with third parties. The company also has a bakery division that produces cheesecakes and other baked products for sale in its restaurants, international licensees, and third-party bakery customers. The company has four operating business segments: The Cheesecake Factory restaurants, North Italia, Other FRC, and Other. The majority of the company's revenue comes from the Cheesecake Factory restaurants segment.

Alliance Laundry Holdings Inc is designer and manufacturer of commercial laundry systems, serving diverse international markets. The company offers premium, durable laundry equipment under brands like Speed Queen, UniMac, Huebsch, Primus, IPSO, and others. It serves commercial laundry needs across healthcare, hotels, laundromats, and residential markets.

An investment in wide-moat-rated Endeavour Group provides investors with exposure to one of the most well entrenched dividend-paying businesses in the Australian retail landscape. Following decades of enduring organic growth through store rollouts, Endeavour's off-premises retail segment—with more than 1,700 retail outlets mainly across its Dan Murphy's and BWS brands—accounts for approximately half of all off-premises retail liquor sales within Australia. Endeavour's immense scale in the off-premises retail segment is unrivalled within Australia. Indeed, Endeavour's sales are almost three times larger than its nearest retail competitor, Coles.

Wuchan Zhongda Group Co Ltd is engaged in industrial investment, equity investment, asset management, investment management, management consulting, information consulting services. It is also engaged in car sales and leasing, e-commerce technology services, used car transactions and services.

MITIE Group PLC is a U.K.-based company. The company's reportable segments include Technical services, Business services, Central Government & Defence, Communities, and Corporate Centre. The company generates the majority of its revenue from the technical services and business services segments. Geographically, the company generates a majority of its revenue from the United Kingdom.

Jubilant Foodworks Ltd with its subsidiaries, operates as a food service company. It develops and operates quick services restaurants under the Domino’s Pizza, Dunkin’ Donuts, Hong’s Kitchen, Popeyes, and COFFY brand names in India, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Nepal, Turkey, Azerbaijan, and Georgia.

ABM Industries Inc is a provider of integrated facility solutions. It offers its solutions through five segments: Business and Industry, Manufacturing and Distribution, Education, Aviation and Technical solutions. The company derives the majority of its revenue from the business and industry segment, which encompasses janitorial, facilities engineering, and parking services for commercial real estate properties and sports and entertainment venues, hospitals, as well as vehicle maintenance and other services to rental car providers. The company mainly operates in the United States of America.

Wingstop is a fast casual restaurant concept built around a simple chicken-centric menu. The firm primarily offers bone-in and boneless wings, tenders, and a chicken sandwich, customizable across 12 flavors. The banner generated $4.8 billion in system sales in 2024 across 2,563 units, with 86% located in the US. Wingstop largely operates as a franchisor, with 98% of units franchised, and earns revenue largely from collecting royalties and advertising fees paid by franchisees, with a smaller contribution from company-owned restaurant sales.

Jollibee Foods Corp is engaged in operating and franchising quick-service restaurants. The company has three business segments; The food service segment is involved in the operations of QSRs and the manufacture of food, products to be sold to JFC Group-owned and franchised QSR outlets, The franchising segment is involved in the franchising of the JFC Group’s QSR store concepts, and The support services segment is involved in providing various services mainly to the Jollibee Group’s independent franchisees. The group’s geographical segments are based on the location of the assets producing revenues in the Philippines and in other locations which include PRC, USA, Canada, Vietnam, Singapore, Malaysia, Italy, UK, UAE, Hongkong, Macau, Brunei, Taiwan, and Australia.

Toridoll Holdings Corp owns and operates more than 1,000 restaurants Japan. Toridoll has several different restaurant brands, but most are similar in serving Japanese or other Asian cuisine and using an open-kitchen concept where customers can see the food as it is prepared. Toridoll’s primary brand is Marugame Seimen, which specializes in Sanuki udon and accounts for more than 85% of the company’s total sales. Marugame Seimen has nearly 800 locations in Japan and more than 100 locations in a dozen other countries. Other significant brands in Japan include Toridoll, Nagata Honjo-ken, and Marusho-ya. Significant brands outside Japan include Wok to Walk, Tokyo Table, and Boat Noodle.

Greggs PLC is a U.K.-based company that is principally engaged in manufacturing, distributing, and retailing bakery goods, sandwiches, and drinks under the Greggs brand. The company focuses on the food-on-the-go market. It has a vertically integrated supply network, with its bakeries & delivery network. Greggs operates in two segments: Company-managed retail activities which generates key revenue, and B2B channels. Its shops are located in retail & industrial parks, motorway service stations, and travel hubs, to meet the demands of busy customers.

Shake Shack Inc is a roadside burger stand. It serves a classic American menu of premium burgers, hot dogs, crispy chicken, frozen custard, crinkle-cut fries, shakes, beer, wine and more. The company's burgers are made with a whole-muscle blend of all-natural, hormone and antibiotic-free Angus beef, ground fresh daily, cooked to order, and served on a non-genetically modified organism (GMO) potato bun. Its menu focuses on food and beverages, crafted from a range of classic American foods. The company serves draft Root Beer, seasonal freshly-squeezed lemonade, organic fresh brewed iced tea, cold brew coffee, organic apple juice, and Shack20 bottled water.

Create Restaurants Holdings Inc develops, manages, and franchises a variety of food-service brands and formats that fall into categories ranging from casual food courts and ramen to Japanese-style bars and dinnertime restaurants. The company has nearly 800 restaurants operating under nearly 200 different brands that typically offer Japanese, Western, or Chinese cuisines. The vast majority of the company's revenue is generated in Japan. Some of the company's notable brands are Isomaru-Suisan, Kissho, Tanto Tanto, Tsukemen Tetsu, and Hina Sushi.

Mitchells & Butlers PLC operates and manages pubs and pub restaurants in the United Kingdom and Germany. The group's properties operate under the brands Vintage Inns, Stonehouse, Toby Carvery, Harvester, Sizzling Pub Co., All Bar One, Ember Inns, and others. Its geographic segments include the UK and Germany of which it generates the majority of its revenue from the UK.

Saizeriya Co Ltd operates more than 1,000 casual Italian-style restaurants in Japan and close to another 300 of those restaurants in other Southeast Asian countries, particularly China. Saizeriya has a vertically integrated manufacturing and sales system that covers all stages from raw material purchasing and processing to restaurant service. Its business includes farms and factories in Japan, Australia, and Italy to grow vegetables and process meat and dairy. More than three fourths of the company's sales come from restaurants in Japan.