Ralco Agencies Valuation Multiples

Apple is among the largest companies in the world, with a broad portfolio of hardware and software products targeted at consumers and businesses. Apple’s iPhone makes up a majority of the firm sales, and Apple’s other products like Mac, iPad, and Watch are designed around the iPhone as the focal point of an expansive software ecosystem. Apple has progressively worked to add new applications, like streaming video, subscription bundles, and augmented reality. The firm designs its own software and semiconductors while working with subcontractors like Foxconn and TSMC to build its products and chips. Slightly less than half of Apple’s sales come directly through its flagship stores, with a majority of sales coming indirectly through partnerships and distribution.

Samsung Electronics is a South Korean public technology manufacturer incorporated in 1969 and headquartered in Suwon. Its Device eXperience division sells smartphones, televisions, home appliances, computers and network products to consumers and enterprise customers. The Device Solutions division manufactures memory, logic and other semiconductor products, while Samsung Display produces display panels and Harman supplies automotive electronics and connected-audio systems. The company earns revenue from product sales, components, licensing and related services across a worldwide manufacturing and distribution network. Samsung Electronics listed in Korea in 1975 and operates through hundreds of subsidiaries and regional organisations. It also makes strategic and venture investments that support technologies relevant to semiconductors, devices, artificial intelligence, robotics and its broader product ecosystem.

Dell Technologies is an American information technology company headquartered in Round Rock, Texas, where Dell has been based since 1994, and listed on the New York Stock Exchange. It was formed in September 2016 when Dell Inc., founded by Michael Dell and taken private in 2013, completed its $67 billion acquisition of the storage and software company EMC. The company has two main divisions: the Client Solutions Group, which sells personal computers, monitors and peripherals including the Alienware gaming brand, and the Infrastructure Solutions Group, which sells servers, data storage and networking equipment. It also offers cloud, security, IT consulting and managed services, and sells to business and consumer customers directly and through channel partners, earning its revenue mainly from hardware sales plus services and software. In the fiscal year ended January 2026 Dell reported revenue of $113.5 billion and net income of $5.9 billion, and it employed about 97,000 people. Michael Dell is chairman and chief executive and owns about 59% of the company. Dell Technologies ranked 44th on the 2025 Fortune 500.

Sony Group is a conglomerate with consumer electronics roots, which not only designs, develops, produces, and sells electronic equipment and devices, but also is engaged in content businesses, such as console and mobile games, music, and movies. Sony is the global top company in CMOS image sensors, game consoles, professional broadcasting cameras, and music publishing, and is one of the top players in digital cameras, wireless earphones, recorded music, movies, and so on. Sony’s business portfolio is well-diversified, with five major business segments.

Midea Group Co., Ltd. is one of the largest household appliance manufacturers in China, with key products such as air conditioners, refrigerators, washing machines and small household appliances. It is consistently ranked as one of the top three players in China by retail sales in most home appliance categories. The firm also engages in industrial automation and robotics systems through wholly owned Kuka, a global market leader based in Germany. Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning, or HVAC, products generally contribute the most to Midea's revenue, followed by other consumer appliances, and robotics and automation systems. In addition, Midea generates around 40% of sales outside of China.

Xiaomi is a technology company providing products and services, founded in early 2010, focusing mainly on smartphones, Internet of Things products, and related internet services. An early adopter of online smartphone sales, Xiaomi uses a customized Android operating system called HyperOS and has recently designed its own system-on-chip. As competition in its home Chinese smartphone market intensified and growth has slowed, it has expanded into other markets and has become the smartphone market leader in India, and is gaining market share in Europe. In 2025, from a country perspective, around 67% of its overall revenue was generated in mainland China, but this should reduce when it sells EVs overseas. The company was listed on the Hong Kong market at the beginning of July 2018.

Nintendo started its video game console business in 1983 by launching the NES, and started its portable console business in 1989 by launching the Game Boy. Since then, the firm has focused on expanding the gaming population by delivering unique entertainment experiences on its original console systems. However, Nintendo not only makes game consoles, but also owns world-renowned IPs such as Super Mario, Pokemon, and Zelda, which have been a source of cash flow for 40 years.

Panasonic Holdings Corp is engaged in the development, manufacture, and sale of a wide range of electronic and electrical products. The company operates through six segments. The Lifestyle segment provides home appliances such as refrigerators, air conditioners, and beauty and hair care devices. The Automotive segment offers in-vehicle infotainment systems, speaker systems, and advanced driver assistance systems. The Connect segment supplies communication systems, welding machines, and projectors. The Industry segment produces electronic components, motors, and factory automation equipment. The Energy segment develops and sells lithium-ion batteries, dry batteries, and small secondary batteries. The Others segment includes the sale of televisions, cameras, and building materials.

Garmin is an American multinational technology company that designs, manufactures and sells GPS-enabled devices and related software for the fitness, outdoor, automotive, aviation and marine markets. It was founded in October 1989 as ProNav in Lenexa, Kansas, by Gary Burrell and Min Kao, who is chairman, and has had its corporate headquarters in Olathe, Kansas, since 1996, while its legal domicile has been Schaffhausen, Switzerland, since 2010; Cliff Pemble is president and chief executive. Its products include running and multisport watches, cycling computers, wearables, handheld GPS units, avionics and flight decks, marine chartplotters, fish finders and automotive systems, supported by the Garmin Connect platform and subscription services. Garmin is listed on the New York Stock Exchange as GRMN and is in the S&P 500. In 2025 it generated revenue of $7.25 billion, operating income of $1.88 billion and net income of $1.66 billion, with nearly 23,000 employees in 34 countries. It earns revenue mainly from product sales to consumers and to aircraft, boat and car makers, plus subscriptions. It has made many bolt-on acquisitions, including Navionics, Firstbeat Analytics, JL Audio, MyLaps and, in 2026, TrainingPeaks and TrainHeroic.

NEC Corp is engaged in IT services, networks, social infrastructure, and solutions. The company operates through three segments: IT Services, Social Infrastructure, and Others. The IT Services segment provides system integration, consulting, maintenance, outsourcing, cloud services, system equipment, and software services. The Social Infrastructure segment offers network infrastructure, including core networks, mobile base stations, optical transmission systems, and marine systems, along with telecom software, OSS/BSS solutions, aerospace and defense system integration, and maintenance. The Others segment covers the development, manufacturing, and sales of system equipment. It generates the majority of its revenue from the IT Services segment.

Lenovo is a global technology hardware company with a leading market share in personal computers. The firm has been actively growing its data center business, which primarily sells network servers to enterprise and hyperscale customers, as well as storage equipment through its mainland China joint venture with NetApp. Server-related revenue contribution has jumped to 13% of overall sales in fiscal 2024, from 6% in 2015.

Quanta Computer is a Taiwanese contract manufacturer of electronic hardware, headquartered in Taoyuan, that designs and builds products for global technology brands as an original design manufacturer (ODM). It is one of the world's largest makers of notebook computers, with an estimated 31% of worldwide notebook production in the first quarter of 2008, and it also builds servers, enterprise network systems, home entertainment, mobile communication and automotive electronics products. Quanta was chosen in 2005 as the manufacturer of the One Laptop per Child project's XO-1 laptop and in 2011 designed servers with Facebook as part of the Open Compute Project. It earns revenue from manufacturing contracts with brand owners and cloud operators. The company was founded in 1988 and is listed on the Taiwan Stock Exchange. It has also made strategic investments, including joining the US$56 million third funding round of InfiniBand chip developer Mellanox Technologies in 2002.

Gree Electric Appliances is one of the largest heating, ventilating, and air conditioning, or HVAC, product manufacturers in China, with key products such as residential and commercial air conditioners. Gree generates over 80% of sales domestically and is backed by China’s Zhuhai local government. Air conditioners remain the biggest contributor to Gree’s earnings, with an over 70% representation over the years. The company has also made forays into industrial component parts, photovoltaic equipment, new energy vehicles, and battery production. As of March 2025, Chairwoman Dong Mingzhu and privately owned investment entity Zhuhai Mingjun collectively held 18% of its total equity interest, while state-owned Zhuhai Gree Group owned about 3.5%.

HP (formerly Hewlett-Packard) is a behemoth in the PC and printing markets. It has focused on these markets since it exited IT infrastructure in 2015 with the split from Hewlett Packard Enterprise. HP focuses on the commercial market, but maintains sales of consumer devices and printers. The firm has a broad and global customer base, with only one third of sales coming from the US. HP completely outsources manufacturing and relies heavily on channel partners for its sales and marketing.

Haier Smart Home is one of the largest household appliance manufacturers globally, with key products spanning refrigerators, washing machines, kitchen appliances, air conditioners, and water solutions. It has been consistently among the top three in China by retail sales in most home appliance categories. The company has also established a footprint in distribution channel services and commercial refrigeration business. Haier generates around 50% of sales outside China. As of December 2025, Haier Group and its subsidiaries are the largest shareholders of Haier Smart Home with around 29% equity interest in aggregate.

SharkNinja Inc is a product design and technology company that creates 5-star-rated lifestyle solutions through inventive products for consumers around the world. Its product categories include Cleaning, Cooking, Food Preparation, Home Environment, and Beauty products. It sells vacuum cleaners, cooking pots, fryers, hair dryers, etc. The Company has identified two operating segments, Domestic and International. The SharkNinja Group is expected to carry on the design, production, marketing, and distribution of the Shark and Ninja brands of small household appliances in North America, Europe and other selected international markets (excluding the Asia Pacific Region and Greater China). Currently, the majority of the revenue is derived from the U.S. market.

Canon Inc designs, manufactures, and distributes an extensive range of consumer and electronic products, including copiers, cameras, lenses, and inkjet printers. The company operates five business segments: printing, imaging, medical, industrial, and others. It generates maximum revenue from the printing segment. Printing Business Unit includes Office multifunction devices (MFDs), Document solutions, Laser multifunction printers (MFPs), Laser printers, Inkjet printers, Image scanners, Calculators, Digital continuous feed presses, Digital sheet-fed presses, and Large format printers.

Roku enables consumers to stream television programming. Roku facilitated 145 billion streaming hours in 2025 and reached more than half of US broadband households. It is the top streaming operating system in the US, reaching more than half of broadband households, according to the company. Roku’s OS is built into streaming devices and televisions that Roku sells, as well as on connected televisions from other manufacturers that license Roku’s name and software. Roku also operates The Roku Channel, a free, ad-supported streaming television platform that offers a mix of on-demand and live television programming. Roku generates revenue primarily from device sales, licensing, and advertising, and it also receives fees from subscription streaming platforms that sell subscriptions through Roku.

Asustek Computer Inc is a computer hardware and electronics company producing and selling 3C products including PCs, mainboards other boards and cards, tablet PCs, smartphones, and other handheld devices, etc. The company operates in Taiwan, China, Singapore, Europe, the United States, and other countries. Its segment includes BC Brand and Others.

Geberit is a leading manufacturer of sanitary products, which include flushing systems, piping systems, and bathroom ceramics. Products are primarily sold through the wholesale channel. Geberit has an extensive history in sanitary products, having filed a patent for its first flushing mechanism in 1912. The company generates sales in 50 countries and operates 26 production plants, the majority of which are in Europe. Geberit shares are listed on the SIX Swiss Exchange. The majority of sales are generated from residential and renovation activities.

LG Electronics Inc is a South Korea-based company that produces a broad range of electronic products. The group has six reportable segments: the Home Appliance & Air Solution segment, which includes refrigerators, washing machines, air conditioners and vacuum cleaners; the Home Entertainment segment, which covers TVs, audio devices and related products; the Vehicle Component Solutions segment, which provides automobile parts and modules; the Business Solutions segment, which offers monitors, PCs and information displays; the LG Innotek segment, which supplies camera modules, substrate materials and various motors and sensors; and the All Other segment, which includes equipment manufacturing and other ancillary operations.

Wistron Corp is engaged in the research, development, design, manufacturing, testing and sales of the following products and semi- finished products, and their peripheral equipment, parts and components. The company has two reporting segments: R&D and Manufacturing, and Others. Majority of revenue is from R&D and Manufacturing Segment. The firm has operations in Taiwan, Asia and Other countries. It derives maximum revenue from Asia.

Lite-On Technology is a Taiwan-listed electronics manufacturer headquartered in Taipei. Founded in 1975, the company supplies power-management and optoelectronic technologies to business customers across international markets. Its products include power supplies, battery backup units, optical components and thermal-management equipment used in computing and communications infrastructure. The company also serves automotive electronics, networking, connected-device and industrial applications. Revenue comes from sales of electronic components, modules and system products to equipment manufacturers and other commercial customers. Its power and optical engineering capabilities support applications ranging from data centres to end-user electronic devices. Lite-On has expanded its operations through internal product development and acquisitions, including Avago’s infrared data-communications business announced in 2007. The group’s corporate headquarters are in Taipei’s Neihu district, and its products are marketed internationally under the LITEON identity.

Logitech was founded in 1981 and is headquartered in Lausanne, Switzerland. The company specializes in designing and manufacturing computer peripherals such as mice, keyboards, webcams, conference room cameras, headsets, and music-related products like wireless speakers.

TCL Technology Group Corp is a consumer electronics company in China. The company mainly operates its business through four segments. The Semiconductor display business segment focuses on R&D, production, and sales of display panels and modules, and full display processing operations. The New Energy Photovoltaic and Other Silicon Materials Business segment involves producing and selling various silicon-based materials, devices, and new energy products, and operating photovoltaic power plant projects. The Distribution Business segment covers the sales of computers, software, tablets, mobile phones, and other electronics. The Other Businesses segment encompasses industrial finance and investment activities, along with providing technology development and patent maintenance services.

Huaqin Technology Co Ltd is engaged in the research & development, design, manufacturing, and operation of intelligent hardware products. The company operates four businesses: smart terminal business; high-performance computing business; automotive electronics and industrial products business; and artificial intelligence & internet of things (AIoT) business.

Ningbo Deye Technology Corp is engaged in the research, development, manufacturing, and sale of inverters, heat exchangers, and dehumidifiers. Its product range also includes refrigeration equipment, air and water purification systems, fresh air systems, solar air conditioners, variable frequency water pumps, and electronic controllers.

Polycab India Ltd is engaged in the business of manufacturing and selling wires and cables and fast moving electrical goods under the POLYCAB brand. The business activities are carried out through Wires and cables, Fast moving electrical goods (FMEG), and the EPC segment. It generates maximum revenue from the Wires and cables segment. Geographically, it derives a majority of revenue from India. Some of its products include Power cables, Control Cables, Instrumentation Cables, Optical Fibre Cables (OFC), Solar Cables, Building Cables, Flexible Wires, and others.

LG Electronics India Ltd is engaged in the manufacturing of televisions (flat panel, signage, projectors, monitor TVs), air conditioners, refrigerators, microwave ovens, washing machines, dishwashers, vacuum cleaners, ceiling fans, audio-visual equipment, water purifiers, air purifiers, compressors, personal computers, and security cameras. It has identified two primary business segments: the Home Appliances and Air Solution division, and the Home Entertainment division. The majority of the company's revenue is generated from the Home Appliances and Air Solution division. The company operates across various geographies, including Domestic markets, Africa, Europe, Asia (excluding India), and others, with the majority of its revenue coming from the Domestic market.

LG Corp is a South Korea-based holding company that is principally engaged in electronics, chemicals, telecommunications, and services businesses. The company operates business through a number of affiliated companies, including LG Electronics, LG Display, LG Innotek, LG Siltron, and others in the electronics industry; LG Chem, LG Household and Health Care, LG Life Sciences, and others in the chemicals industry; and LG N-Sys, LG CNS, LG Sports, and others in the telecommunication and services industry. The company has business presence in Asia-Pacific, the Americas, and Europe.

Goneo Group Co Ltd is engaged in the research, development, manufacture, and sale of civil electrical products such as extended line sockets, wall switches, LED lighting, and digital accessories. The company's products include Power Strips, High-end Power Strip, USB Power Strip, Digital Accessories, Decorative Switch Socket, and Eye-care LED Light.

Huaqin Co Ltd, along with its subsidiaries, is principally engaged in design, development, manufacture and sales of smart products, including mobile terminals, computing and data center business, AIoT, and communication systems. Its product offerings include mobile devices, computing and data center solutions, AIoT products, and other related technologies. The company generates the majority of revenue from mobile terminals, which include smartphones, tablets and smart wearables.

Anker Innovations Technology Co Ltd is engaged in independent research and development, design, and sales of its own-brand mobile device peripherals, smart hardware products, and other consumer electronic products. The company offers charging and energy storage products, smart innovation products, and smart audio and video products. Its charging and energy storage line includes digital charging devices and accessories under the Anker brand, along with home photovoltaic and storage solutions under the Anker SOLIX series.

NIBE Industrier is a Swedish industrial group listed in Stockholm, with roots in Markaryd in Smaland. The group comprises more than 200 companies worldwide and reports through three business areas: Climate Solutions, Element and Stoves. Climate Solutions makes heat pumps, water heaters, boilers and indoor climate products for homes and buildings; Element makes resistance components and heating elements for appliances and industry; Stoves makes wood-burning stoves and fireplaces. NIBE has grown mainly by acquiring manufacturers in Europe and North America, and in 2006 it bought the Czech water heater maker DZ Drazice to build its position in heat pumps and electric water heaters in Central Europe. Customers are installers, distributors, appliance makers and consumers, and revenue comes from product sales.

Pegatron Corp is engaged in the design, manufacture, and sale of OEM products. The Group operates through two segments: DMS (Design, Manufacturing and Service) and the Strategic Investment Group. The DMS segment focuses on designing and manufacturing computer, communication, and consumer electronics end products, as well as providing after-sales services, and generates the majority of the Group's revenue. The Strategic Investment Group is involved in upstream and downstream supply chain activities, strategic investments, and other related investment operations. Geographically, the Group generates the majority of its revenue from Taiwan.

Gigabyte Technology Co Ltd is a Taiwan-based manufacturer and distributor of computer hardware products. Its products include motherboards for third-party platforms and servers, graphics cards, notebooks, desktop computers, ultrabooks, tablets, mobile phones, server racks, networking equipment, optical drives, computer monitors, keyboards, cooling components, computer cases, and power supplies. Geographically, the company generates a majority of its revenue from Europe, followed by the USA and Canada, Taiwan, China, Singapore and other regions. The company generates the majority of its revenue from the sale of Networking communication products.

Brother Industries Ltd is a Japan-based company mainly engaged in producing and selling office equipment, printing solutions, and related supplies. The company operates through seven segments. The Domino segment covers industrial printing equipment, while the Machinery segment handles machine tools, industrial sewing machines, and garment printers. The Network and Content segment involves karaoke equipment and IT systems, and the Nissei segment produces reducers and gears. The Others segment includes new construction and renovation of buildings, and investment in information systems. The Personal and Home segment makes household sewing machines, and Printing and Solutions focuses on telecommunications and printing equipment. It generates majority revenue from Printing & Solutions segment.

Havells India Ltd manufactures and distributes electrical equipment for consumer and industrial applications. Its product portfolio includes fans, appliances, switches, lighting, switch gears, circuit breakers, water heaters, air purifiers, flexible cables, air coolers, monoblock and submersible pumps, personal grooming products, motors, and reactive power solutions. The firm has seven manufacturing facilities, all of which are in India. The company operates in multiple segments: switchgear (domestic and industrial), Cables (domestic and industrial underground), Lighting and Fixtures (LED lamps), Electrical Consumer Durables (fans, water heaters), Lloyd Consumer products (air conditioners, televisions), and Others (industrial motors, water purifiers).

De'Longhi SPA is an Italy-based company that is principally engaged in designing, producing, and selling small domestic appliances. The company's products consist of coffeemakers, cooking and food products, home-care products, air conditioners and air treatment products, electric heaters, and others. The company offers products under four brands: De'Longhi, Kenwood, Braun, and Ariete. It has two business segment Household and Professional divisions. Key revenue is generated from Household segment. The company has a business presence across the world, including Europe, America, MEIA Asia Pacific, and others, The company generates maximum revenue from Europe.

Seiko Epson Corp is a Japan-based electronics manufacturer of printers and imaging equipment. The company operates through three segments. The Manufacturing-related and Wearables segment includes industrial robots, small injection molding machines, watches, watch movements, crystal devices, semiconductors, metal powders, surface treatment, and PCs. The Printing Solutions segment covers office and home inkjet printers, serial impact dot matrix printers, page printers, color image scanners, dry office paper machines, commercial and industrial inkjet printers, POS system products, rubber printers, and related consumables. The Visual Communication segment focuses on LCD projectors, smart glasses, and related products. It generates the majority of revenue from the Printing Solutions segment.

Inventec Corp is a Taiwan-based original design manufacturer of electronic products for use in consumer, commercial, and industrial applications. The company has two reportable segments: the core department and other departments. The company generates maximum revenue from the Core department segment, which manufactures and sells computer products. The other department segment develops and manufactures emerging environmental energy. Its products include notebook PCs, tablet PCs, desktop computers, computer peripherals, personal digital products, multimedia audio products, servers, switches, and data storage equipment. Geographically, the company generates maximum revenue from the United States of America, followed by Taiwan, Hong Kong, Macao and Mainland China, Japan, and other countries.

Shenzhen Sunway Communication Co Ltd is operating in the communication industry. The company is primarily focusing on the research and development, manufacturing, sales and marketing of the mobile terminal antennas and related modules, acoustic modules and connectors with high electromagnetic compatibility. Its products offering include mobile antenna, precision metal parts, MIM metal parts, acoustics and new materials products. Its products mainly apply to consumer electronic fields like smartphone/tablet PC, smart wearable devices, smart home/IoT and smart automobiles, and primarily expand the supporting capability towards industry, automobile, and military fields.

Coway is a Korean-based company engaged in the manufacturing of water filtration appliances, air purifiers, and bidets. The company's product portfolio consists of water purifiers, air purifiers, electronic bidets, non-electronic bidets, water softeners, vacuum cleaners, water dispensers, food waste treatment solutions, and sewage treatment solutions for household and business uses. It is also involved in the mattress rental and related home furniture products.

E Ink Holdings Inc researches, develops, manufactures, and sells electronic paper display panels. The Company sells e-paper products such as Internet of Things applications and consumer electronics.

Arashi Vision Inc is engaged in research and development, production and sales of panoramic cameras, sports cameras and other intelligent imaging equipment. Its products include Insta 360 X5, Insta 360 Ace Pro 2, Insta 360 X4, etc.

Synnex Technology International Corp is a Taiwan-based company engaged in the sale of computers and related parts, communication products, consumer electronic products, electronic components, and semiconductor products. The majority of the company’s revenue is generated from the distribution industry and is mainly engaged in the sale of 3C and semiconductor products. The company operates in Taiwan, Hong Kong, China, Australia, New Zealand, and Indonesia, out of which China and Hong Kong is the key sources of revenue.

Canon Marketing Japan Inc is engaged in the sale of imaging and IT solutions across diverse customer segments, with four reportable segments: Consumer, Enterprise, Area, and Professional. The Consumer segment offers digital cameras, inkjet printers, and related products to individual customers. The Enterprise segment provides Canon input/output devices and IT solutions for large and mid-sized companies, mainly through Canon IT Solutions Inc. The Area segment caters to small and medium-sized businesses nationwide via Canon System & Support Inc. The Professional segment delivers specialized solutions in production printing, semiconductor manufacturing, and healthcare IT through companies like Canon Production Printing Systems Inc and Canon ITS Medical Inc.

TCL Electronics Holdings Ltd is an investment holding company. Along with its subsidiaries, it mainly manufactures and sells television (TV) sets, smartphones, smart connected devices, smart commercial displays, and smart home products. In addition, it is involved in all-category marketing, photovoltaic business, and providing internet platform operating services. The company's reportable operating segments are TV, Internet business, Smart mobile, connective devices and services, All-category marketing, Photovoltaic business, and Smart commercial display, smart home, and other businesses. A majority of its revenue is derived from the TV segment. Geographically, the company generates maximum revenue from Mainland China, followed by Europe, North America, and other regions.