Aura Smart Air Valuation Multiples

Amphenol is a United States manufacturer of electrical, electronic and fiber-optic interconnect products, sensors and cable systems. Its connector portfolio supports applications involving high-speed data, electrical power, radio-frequency signals and operation in demanding environments. The company also supplies cable assemblies, wiring harnesses, antennas, power distribution components and flexible or rigid printed circuit boards. Its sensors measure conditions such as pressure, temperature, position, moisture and vibration. Customers use these products in automotive systems, industrial equipment, communications networks, computing infrastructure, aerospace and other electronic applications. Revenue comes from sales of components and assemblies to business customers that incorporate them into larger products and systems. Amphenol offers both standard products and customized designs, with manufacturing and technical capabilities supporting customers across international markets.

Hitachi Ltd is engaged in diverse businesses spanning industries, energy, IT, and real estate. The company operates through four business segments. The Connective Industries segment covers elevators, escalators, home appliances, air conditioning, semiconductor manufacturing equipment, medical analyzers, industrial and distribution solutions, water and environmental solutions, and industrial equipment. The Digital Systems & Services segment offers system integration, consulting, cloud services, IT products, software, and ATMs. The Green Energy & Mobility segment focuses on power grids, renewable energy, nuclear power, and railway systems. The Others include real estate management, sales, and leasing. It generates the majority of its revenue from the Green Energy & Mobility segment.

Foxconn Industrial Internet Co Ltd is engaged in the design, research and development, manufacturing, and sales of various electronic equipment products. The company's main products include communications network equipment, cloud service equipment, precision tools, and industrial robots.

Keyence Corporation, founded in May 1974 by Takemitsu Takizaki and headquartered in Osaka, Japan, began as Lead Electric Co., Ltd. before rebranding to Keyence (derived from “KEY of sciENCE”) in 1986. As a global leader in industrial automation, the company designs and manufactures a comprehensive range of high-precision products, including sensors (photoelectric, laser, proximity), machine vision systems, measurement instruments (laser displacement sensors, 3D scanners), control systems (PLCs, HMIs), laser markers, digital microscopes, and safety equipment.

Trane Technologies manufactures and services commercial and residential HVAC systems and transportation refrigeration solutions under its prominent Trane, American Standard, and Thermo King brands. The company generates approximately 70% of sales from equipment and 30% from parts and services. While the firm is domiciled in Ireland, North America accounts for approximately 80% of its revenue, with 13% from EMEA and 7% Asia-Pacific. The company was formed in 2020 when its former parent, Ingersoll Rand, merged with Gardner Denver in a tax-advantaged reverse Morris trust transaction.

Following Johnson Controls’ divestiture of its residential and light commercial HVAC businesses to Bosch in 2025, nearly all of its revenue comes from commercial HVAC (60%) and fire and security products and services (40%). A 2016 merger joined Johnson Controls’ HVAC and Tyco’s fire and security businesses with the premise that there is synergy in offering a broader variety of automation products and solutions to commercial buildings. We estimate Johnson Controls’ pro forma revenue mix will be one-third products, one-third installation, and one-third services.

Lumentum Holdings Inc is a California-based technology firm. The company provides two types of optical and photonic products: optical components that are used in telecommunications networking equipment, and commercial lasers for manufacturing, inspection, and life-science lab uses. Its segments are Optical Communications and Commercial Lasers. The firm is also expanding into new optical applications, such as 3-D sensing laser diode for consumer electronics. It generates maximum revenue from the OpComms segment. The OpComms segment products include a wide range of components, modules, and subsystems to support customers including carrier networks for access (local), metro (intracity), long-haul, and submarine (undersea) applications.

Honeywell traces its roots to 1885 with Albert Butz’s firm, Butz Thermo-Electric Regulator, which produced a predecessor to the modern thermostat. Other inventions by Honeywell include biodegradable detergent and autopilot. Today, Honeywell is a global multi-industry behemoth with one of the largest installed bases of equipment. It operates through four business segments: aerospace technologies, industrial automation, energy and sustainability solutions, and building automation. Recently, Honeywell has made several portfolio changes to focus on fewer end markets and align with a set of secular growth trends. The firm is working diligently to expand its installed base, deriving around one third of its revenue from recurring aftermarket services.

TE Connectivity is the largest electrical connector supplier in the world, supplying interconnect and sensor solutions to the transportation, industrial, and communications markets. With operations in 150 countries and over 500,000 stock-keeping units, TE has a broad portfolio that forms the electrical architecture of its end customers' cutting-edge innovations.

Founded in 1930 and transformed over the decades through the acquisition of dozens of esteemed brands, Ametek owns more than 40 autonomous industrial businesses operating across research, aerospace, energy, medical, and manufacturing. Ametek segments its business into two operating groups: the electronic instruments group and the electromechanical group. The EIG sells a broad portfolio of analytical, test, and measurement instruments, while the EMG sells highly engineered components, interconnects, and specialty metals. The company emphasizes product differentiation and market leadership in the niche markets it operates in.

CRH is a global building materials group headquartered in Dublin, Ireland and New York, which moved its primary stock listing to the New York Stock Exchange in June 2023. It was formed on 20 October 1970 through the merger of Cement Limited and Roadstone Limited and listed on the Irish Stock Exchange in 1973. It operates through CRH Americas, covering materials and building solutions across 48 US states and 7 Canadian provinces, and CRH International, with operations in Europe, Australia and the Philippines, from about 3,961 locations in 28 countries. For 2025 it reported revenue of US$37.4 billion and net income of US$3.75 billion with about 83,000 employees, and it earns revenue from aggregates, cement, asphalt, ready-mixed concrete and building products. Its acquisitions include the EUR 6.5 billion Lafarge and Holcim assets in 2015, which included Tarmac in the UK, and Ash Grove Cement for US$3.5 billion in 2018. Jim Mintern is chief executive.

Comfort Systems USA Inc provides comprehensive mechanical contracting services, including heating, ventilation, & air conditioning, or HVAC; plumbing; piping & controls; construction; and other electrical components. Projects are mainly for commercial, industrial, & institutional buildings, & tend to be geared toward HVAC. Revenue is roughly split between installation services for newly constructed facilities & maintenance services for existing buildings. The company installs & repairs products and systems throughout the United States. It operates in two segments, Mechanical services & Electrical services, the majority is from the Mechanical services segment.

Hangzhou Hikvision Digital Technology is the world’s largest manufacturer of video surveillance equipment. Since then, the company has been growing its software and analytics offerings, as customers are increasingly seeking customized total solutions. Hikvision is also developing its Innovative businesses, which accounted for 21% of overall 2023 revenue. The smart-home business is powered by the EZVIZ consumer brand. Innovative business includes the development of industrial robotics, automotive electronics, X-ray sensors, infrared sensors, memory products and medical systems. Hikvision employs more than 58,000 people.

Carrier Global, spun out of United Technologies in 2020, manufactures and services commercial and residential HVAC systems and transportation refrigeration solutions under its flagship Carrier brand, as well as Bryant, Payne, Heil, and others across various price points. In 2024, Carrier acquired Viessmann Climate Solutions to expand its footprint in Europe with heat pumps, boilers, and solar PV equipment. Proceeds from the sale of Carrier’s fire and security (Honeywell) and commercial refrigeration (Haier) businesses reduced debt and focused the company on global HVAC and refrigeration solutions. Carrier generates 75% of sales from equipment and 25% from parts and services. The company derives 50% of revenue from the US, 30% from Europe, and 20% from the Asia-Pacific region.

Assa Abloy is the world’s largest supplier of locking and physical access solutions, sporting the world’s largest installed base of locks that protect some of the most security-sensitive buildings, such as the European Parliament in Brussels. Some 70% of the group's revenue is derived from commercial, government, and other nonresidential customers. The company's product base is centered on electromechanical locks, which require identification to unlock with a keycard, biometric scan, or personal identification number. Assa Abloy's products are sold directly to security systems integrators, locksmiths, hardware stores, and original equipment manufacturers.

Established in Osaka, Japan, in 1924, Daikin Industries is one of the world’s largest residential and commercial heating, ventilation, and air conditioning product and service companies. North America, Japan, China, and Europe are Daikin’s four biggest markets, with North America accounting for over 30% of the company’s revenue over the years. The air conditioning segment represents about 90% of Daikin’s revenue and operating income, while chemicals and others account for the remaining 10%.

Heico is an aerospace and defense supplier that focuses on creating replacement parts for commercial aircraft and components for defense products. In commercial aerospace, Heico is the largest independent producer of replacement aircraft parts. In the defense market, the company produces niche subcomponents used in targeting technology as well as simulation equipment, among other categories. It operates two segments: the flight support group and the electronic technologies group. Both supply the aerospace and defense sectors to different degrees. Heico is persistently acquisitive, focusing on companies in similar or adjacent markets that offer strong cash flow and profitable growth potential.

Compagnie Saint-Gobain is a manufacturer of building materials that are mostly supplied to the construction industry. The company offers a vast range of products including glass, roofing, insulation, and a distribution business. Saint-Gobain has a well-documented history stretching back to the 17th century, with traces of its products visible across France’s most prominent landmarks. Approximately two thirds of sales are generated in Europe, with France contributing 25% of group sales.

Martin Marietta Materials is one of the United States' largest producer of construction aggregates (crushed stone, sand, and gravel). In 2024, Martin Marietta sold 191 million tons of aggregates. Martin Marietta's most important markets include Texas, North Carolina, Colorado, California, and Georgia, accounting for most of its sales. The company also uses its aggregates in its asphalt and ready-mixed concrete businesses. Martin’s magnesia specialties business produces magnesia-based chemical products and dolomitic lime.

Founded in 1935, TDK has its origin in magnetic materials, being the first company to commercialize ferrite in the world, and it used to be known as one of the major cassette-tape manufacturers. TDK is now the only external supplier for magnetic recording heads for hard disk drives, and the company intends to expand its magnetic sensor business for handsets and automobiles by leveraging its expertise. It is also one of the global top suppliers of passive components for autos and polymer rechargeable batteries for smartphones. The company acquired InvenSense in 2017, making it third largest MEMS sensor company in the world.

Kone is a global top-four supplier of elevators and escalators. Kone began producing elevators in Finland in 1918 and today generates revenue in three ways: selling new elevators and escalators, modernizing old equipment, and servicing its installed base. Most of the company's profit comes from the last activity, where contracts are rolled over annually with built-in price increases. The bulk of Kone's business is in elevators, which are more numerous globally than escalators. Its business model is similar to its closest competitors Otis, Schindler, and TK Elevator.

EMCOR Group Inc is a specialty contractor in the United States and a provider of electrical and mechanical construction and facilities services, building services, and industrial services. Its services are provided to a broad range of commercial, technology, manufacturing, industrial, healthcare, utility, and institutional customers through approximately 100 operating subsidiaries. The company's operating subsidiaries are organized into reportable segments: United States mechanical construction and facilities services, which derives key revenue; United States electrical construction and facilities services; United States building services; United States industrial services; and United Kingdom building services. Geographically, its key revenue is derived from the United States.

Hochtief AG develops and constructs building and infrastructure projects. It works on complex projects in transportation, energy, urban infrastructure, and mining markets. It expands transportation networks with roads, bridges, and tunnels, or designs and constructs office buildings, hospitals, and power plants. The company leans on expertise and technical know-how in developing, financing, building, and operating in designated business areas. Also, it will partner with external groups to work on specific components of a project. Its regional divisions are Americas, Asia Pacific, and Europe. The Americas and the Asia Pacific account for the majority of sales and are where the company's assets are located.

Techtronic Industries Co Ltd is a designer and manufacturer of power tools. It operates in two segments namely Power Equipment and Floorcare and Cleaning. The company generates maximum revenue from the Power Equipment segment. Its Power Equipment segment includes sales of power tools, power tool accessories, outdoor products, and outdoor product accessories for consumer, trade, professional, and industrial users. The products are available under the MILWAUKEE, EMPIRE, AEG, RYOBI, and HOMELITE brands plus original equipment manufacturer (OEM) customers. Geographically, it derives a majority of its revenue from North America.

Denso was founded on Dec. 16, 1949, as Nippondenso, and is now a leading global manufacturer of automotive components, ranging from thermal and powertrain control systems to electronic and electrification solutions, headquartered in Kariya, Aichi Prefecture, Japan, and a core member of the Toyota Group.

Hexagon is the global leader in digital reality solutions, combining hardware such as sensors and measuring devices, software, and services. Customers are mainly in heavy industry, such as oil and gas, mining, construction, manufacturing, chemicals, and agriculture. Major products include measuring technology, mapping tools, and software. Around 40% of revenue is generated in the Americas, 35% in Europe, the Middle East, and Africa, and the rest in Asia.

Semight Instruments Co Ltd is engaged in the research, development, manufacturing, sales and service of electronic measuring instruments and semiconductor testing equipment.

Otis is the largest global elevator and escalator supplier by revenue with around 18% global market share. In 1854 Otis’ founder and namesake Elisha Graves Otis, invented a safety mechanism that prevented elevators from falling if the hoisting cable failed. The company's product and service lifecycle begins with installations of elevator units in new buildings, later selling maintenance services on the units, and eventually replacement of the units after the average 15- to 20-year useful life of an elevator. As the largest global OEM, Otis has amassed an installed base under service that exceeds 2 million elevators. Its business model is similar to that of its closest competitors Kone, Schindler, and TK Elevator.

Samsara Inc provides an end-to-end solution for operations. The company's Connected Operations Platform consolidates data from its IoT devices and a growing ecosystem of connected assets and third-party systems, and makes it easy for organizations to access, analyze, and act on data insights using its cloud dashboard, custom alerts and reports, mobile apps, and workflows. The company derives almost all of its revenue from subscription services. Geographically, it derives a majority of its revenue from the United States. The company's customers range from small and medium-sized businesses to state and local governments.

Kingspan is a global leader in high-performance insulation and building envelope solutions. It's been a serial acquirer of insulation companies since the 1980s and boasts a well-known brand that resonates with risk-averse project specifiers. In recent years, it has focused on expanding its product scope beyond insulation and now offers a comprehensive suite of products and solutions for the broader building envelope. Today, its insulated building envelopes segment generates 82% of group sales, while the rest comes from Advnsys. Kingspan has more than 270 manufacturing sites spread across 80 countries. It has leading positions in Europe (71% of sales) and North America (22%), and it is highly exposed to new-build (75%) and nonresidential construction (75%).

Snap-on is a manufacturer of premium tools, equipment, and diagnostics for professional technicians, primarily involved in the repair of passenger cars but having expanded into other industrial applications. The company’s legacy business is selling hand tools through franchisee-operated mobile vans to technicians who purchase the tools at their own expense. The company also operates a commercial and industrial business that is focused on repair facilities serving other industries. The third segment, repair systems and information, targets auto OEMs and large dealerships more directly and also offers substantial diagnostic solutions to aid repairs. The company’s finance arm provides financing to franchisees to run their operations, as well as underwriting end customer purchases.

Zhejiang Sanhua Intelligent Controls Co Ltd is an HVAC&R manufacturer of controls and components. It is engaged in the research and development, manufacture, and distribution of refrigeration and air-conditioning control component and automotive components business, which include four-way reversing valves, solenoid valves, and electronic expansion valves. The products offered by the company are standard controls and line components, customized controls and line components, electronic controls, and micro-channel heat exchangers. The products have applications in air conditioning, commercial refrigeration, heat pumps, and home appliances. The organization supplies its products in China and internationally.

Advantech is the world’s largest supplier of industrial personal computers and a leading provider of embedded boards. The company serves a wide spectrum of downstream sectors, including manufacturing, retail, healthcare, transportation, and energy and environment. Headquartered in Taiwan, Advantech operates manufacturing facilities in Taiwan, mainland China, and Japan.

Knorr-Bremse AG is engaged in the development, production, marketing, and servicing of Automotive parts. It operates its business activities in two divisions: Rail Vehicle Systems and Commercial Vehicle Systems. Its product portfolio comprises Braking, entrance, and HVAC systems; power electric and control technology; digital solutions; couplers; signal systems; pneumatic braking systems; energy supply and distribution systems; wiper and wash systems; and others. Majority of revenue is from Rail Vehicle System. Its geographical segments are Europe/Africa, North America, South America, and Asia-Pacific.

LS Electric Co Ltd is involved in the business of smart power transmission, smart power distribution, and smart industrial automation. The company's main activities include the manufacturing and distribution of power supply technology, automation solutions, and railway solutions. The firm's products include smart-grid, switchgear, electronic meter, integrated protection and monitoring equipment, process automation, low voltage VFD, and others. Its operating segments include the Automation division, the Information Technology (IT) division, the Metal division, and the Power division.

Halma consists of 45 operating businesses managed in a decentralized manner. The company, through its products, focuses on trying to make the world safer, cleaner and healthier. The group operates across three segments: safety, environmental and analysis, and medical equipment. Halma’s products include smoke detectors, healthcare equipment, door sensors, and water treatment. Most of the group’s products are niche with limited competition. Over 75% of sales are generated in the United States, Europe and United Kingdom. Halma is listed on the London Stock Exchange.

SECOM Co Ltd is a provider of security services and surveillance systems. The company operates seven business segments. BPO ICT segment provides information security, disaster response, data center, and EPO services. Disaster Prevention supplies fire alarms, extinguishing systems, and other equipment for offices, plants, tunnels, cultural properties, ships, and homes. Geospatial Information Services offers mapping and related services to governments in Japan and abroad. Insurance designs products reflecting risk reduction and specialized health coverage. Medical Services covers home care, nursing, senior residences, medical records, and equipment sales. Security Services delivers centralized systems for safety and monitoring. Others include real estate leasing and construction support.

Pidilite Industries Ltd manufactures and sells paints, adhesives, and sealants in two segments based on the customer: The Branded Consumer & Bazaar segment, which generates the majority of revenue, sells adhesives and sealants, construction and paint chemicals, art and craft materials, and others. These products are widely used by carpenters, painters, plumbers, mechanics, households, students, offices, etc. The Business to Business segment sells industrial products such as industrial adhesives, resins, and organic pigments and preparations, etc., and caters to various industries like packaging, joineries, textiles, paints, printing inks, paper, leather, etc. Pidilite Industries sells its products through dealers and distribution networks. The vast majority of its revenue comes from India.

Cemex SAB de CV is a ready-mix concrete company that mainly engaged in activities that are oriented to the construction industry, mainly through the production, marketing, sale, and distribution of cement, ready-mix concrete, aggregates, urbanization solutions, and other construction materials and also provide related services and reliable construction-related services to customers and communities and maintain business relationships in more than 60 countries throughout the world. The company operates in different parts of the world, with operations in Mexico, the United States, the EMEA region and the SCA&C region.

Masco manufactures a variety of home improvement and building products. The company’s $5 billion plumbing segment, led by the Delta and Hansgrohe brands, sells faucets, showerheads, and other related plumbing fixtures and components. The roughly $2.5 billion decorative architectural segment primarily sells paints and other coatings under the Behr and Kilz brands, but it also sells builder hardware products.

Stanley Black & Decker Inc offers hand tools, power tools, outdoor products, engineered fastening solutions, and related accessories. The company operates in two reportable business segments: Tools & Outdoor and Engineered Fastening. The majority of its revenue is generated from the Tools & Outdoor segment, which is comprised of the Power Tools Group (PTG), Hand Tools, Accessories and Storage (HTAS), and Outdoor Power Equipment (Outdoor) product lines. This segment's product offerings include drills, impact wrenches and drivers, grinders, saws, hammers, demolition tools, clamps, vises, knives, edge trimmers, lawn mowers, etc., which are offered through brands like Hustler, Dewalt, Craftsman, Stanley, and others. Geographically, the firm derives maximum revenue from the United States.

Anhui Conch Cement mainly engages in the production and sale of cement, clinker, and concrete in China. The company was established in 1997 and headquartered in Anhui province. With annual cement production capacity of over 400 million metric tons in 2024, the firm is the second-largest cement manufacturer in China. Sales of self-produced products contribute to about 80% of its revenue, with the remainder mainly from the trading business and service income.

Dangote Cement PLC is a cement manufacturer. It manufactures and markets cement and related products through its 'Dangote' brand. The principal activity of the Company and its subsidiaries is to operate plants for the preparation, manufacture and distribution of cement and related products. The Company’s production activities are undertaken at Obajana town in Kogi State, Gboko in Benue State and Ibese in Ogun State; all in Nigeria. Its geographical segment includes Nigeria and Pan Africa. The company derives a majority of revenue from Nigeria segment.

Carlisle Companies Inc is a holding company that manufactures and sells single-ply roofing products and warranted systems and accessories for the commercial building industry. It operates through two segments: Carlisle Construction Materials and Carlisle Weatherproofing Technologies. The majority of revenue comes from Carlisle Construction Materials, and more than half of total revenue is earned in the United States. Carlisle Construction Materials produces premium single-ply roofing products and warranted roof systems, including EPDM, TPO, PVC membrane, and polyiso insulation. Carlisle Weatherproofing Technologies produces building envelope solutions, including waterproofing, moisture protection products, air/vapor barriers, and spray polyurethane foam systems.

Lennox International manufacturers and distributes heating, ventilating, air conditioning, and refrigeration products for the North American replacement (75% of sales) and new construction (25% of sales) markets. Residential HVAC (home comfort solutions) accounted for 67% of sales and commercial HVAC (building climate solutions) accounted for the remaining 33% of sales. To be clear, Lennox’s commercial exposure is what its peers refer to as “residential and light commercial,” lacks the scale and complexity of what is referred to as an “applied” solution. The company goes to market with multiple brands, but Lennox is the company’s flagship HVAC brand.

Watts Water Technologies Inc is a U.S.-based company that provides safety, energy efficiency, and water conservation products. Its product portfolio includes residential and commercial flow control products, which are sold for plumbing and hot water applications; HVAC and gas products, including commercial boilers, water heaters, heating solutions, etc.; drainage and water reuse products, including drainage products and engineered rainwater-harvesting solutions; and water quality products, including point-of-use and point-of-entry water filtration, conditioning, and scale prevention systems. Its products are marketed through brands like Watts, Apex, Bradley, Nexa, and others. Geographically, the company derives its key revenue from the Americas, followed by Europe and the APMEA region.

Raytron Technology Co Ltd is engaged in the research and development, production and sales of infrared MEMS chips, detectors, movements and complete machines.

Belimo Holding AG is engaged in the development, production, and sales of field devices for the energy-efficient control of heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning system. The focus of the core business is on damper actuators, control valves, sensors, and meters, such as fire damper actuators, valve actuators, globe valves, throttle valves, duct sensors (air), and outdoor sensors (air), among others. The company, along with its subsidiaries, has four reportable operating segments: EMEA, Americas, Asia Pacific, and Shared Services. Maximum revenue for the company is generated from the Americas.