Nara Space Technology Valuation Multiples

SpaceX is an American aerospace manufacturer and space transportation company founded in 2002 by Elon Musk and incorporated in Texas, alongside launch and manufacturing sites in Hawthorne, California, Cape Canaveral, Florida, and Vandenberg Space Force Base. The company designs, builds, and operates the Falcon 9 and Falcon Heavy rockets, the Dragon crew and cargo spacecraft, and the fully reusable Starship vehicle, and has accounted for the large majority of global mass launched to orbit in recent years on the strength of reusable-rocket economics and a high launch cadence. Its Starlink division operates a low-Earth-orbit satellite constellation delivering broadband internet to more than ten million subscribers across roughly 160 countries, while the Starshield program supplies satellite and connectivity services to government and defense customers. In February 2026 SpaceX combined with Musk's artificial intelligence firm xAI, the developer of the Grok chatbot, which had itself absorbed the social platform X, consolidating space, connectivity, and AI operations under common ownership. The company completed an initial public offering on June 12, 2026, one of the largest in market history, and is led by Musk as CEO.

Lockheed Martin is the world's largest defense contractor and has dominated the Western market for high-end fighter aircraft since it won the F-35 Joint Strike Fighter program in 2001. Aeronautics is Lockheed’s largest segment, which derives upward of two-thirds of its revenue from the F-35. Lockheed’s remaining segments are rotary and mission systems, mainly encompassing the Sikorsky helicopter business; missiles and fire control, which creates missiles and missile defense systems; and space systems, which produces satellites and receives equity income from the United Launch Alliance joint venture.

Mitsubishi Corp. is Japan’s largest general trading house, or sogo shosha, a type of conglomerate unique to Japan. Its core role is that of a trading intermediary in a variety of industrial sectors, including resources businesses like energy and metals as well as non-resources businesses, both industrial ones like automotive and non-industrial ones like food, healthcare, and retail. In addition to acting as a trading intermediary (including midstream processing functions to convert inputs into final products), Mitsubishi also participates in upstream production businesses and downstream distribution businesses.

Northrop Grumman is a diversified defense contractor providing aeronautics, defense, and space systems. The company's aerospace segment produces autonomous and piloted aircraft such as Global Hawk drones and the new B-21 bomber, creates the fuselage for the massive F-35 program, and maintains and upgrades numerous other military aircraft. Defense systems makes artillery and missile ammunition and guidance systems, long-range missiles, and missile defense systems. Mission systems creates and integrates a variety of radar, navigation, and communication systems for avionics, weapons control, and countermeasures on a range of platforms from helicopters to destroyers. Space systems produces satellites, sensors, space structures, and rocket motors.

Rocket Lab Corp is engaged in space, building rockets, and spacecraft. It provides end-to-end mission services that provide frequent and reliable access to space for civil, defense, and commercial markets. It designs and manufactures the Electron and Neutron launch vehicles and Photon satellite platform. Rocket Lab's Electron launch vehicle has delivered multiple satellites to orbit for private and public sector organizations, enabling operations in national security, scientific research, space debris mitigation, Earth observation, climate monitoring, and communications. The business operates in two segments Launch Services and Space Systems. Geographically it serves Japan, Germany, and rest of the world and earns key revenue from the United States.

Heico is an aerospace and defense supplier that focuses on creating replacement parts for commercial aircraft and components for defense products. In commercial aerospace, Heico is the largest independent producer of replacement aircraft parts. In the defense market, the company produces niche subcomponents used in targeting technology as well as simulation equipment, among other categories. It operates as two segments: the flight support group and the electronic technologies group. Both supply the aerospace and defense sectors to different degrees. Heico is persistently acquisitive, focusing on companies in similar or adjacent markets that offer strong cash flow and profitable growth potential.

AVIC Chengdu Aircraft Co Ltd is engaged in the research and production of complete aviation weapons and equipment and their accessories and mainly focuses on the aviation industry.

Satellite television provides the bulk of EchoStar’s revenue. The firm serves about 5 million US satellite customers, about 10% of the traditional television market. It also serves 2 million customers under the Sling brand. EchoStar has also amassed an extensive portfolio of spectrum licenses and is building a nationwide wireless network. It acquired Sprint's prepaid business, serving approximately 7 million customers, primarily under the Boost brand. The firm has agreed to sell a portion of its wireless licenses to AT&T and SpaceX, and will rely heavily on the AT&T network to serve customers. EchoStar’s legacy businesses provide satellite telecom services and equipment to businesses and consumers, including about 800,000 internet customers.

Bombardier designs, manufactures, markets, and provides parts and maintenance for its large, long-range Global and medium-to-large Challenger families of business jets. Most of the company's revenue is generated in North America, 60% of which is from customers in the US. It also has operations in Europe, North America, Asia-Pacific, and other markets.

AST SpaceMobile Inc is a satellite designer and manufacturer. The company is building a cellular broadband network in space to operate directly with standard, unmodified mobile devices, and off-the-shelf mobile phones based on extensive IP and patent portfolio. It has focused on eliminating the connectivity gaps faced by mobile subscribers. The Company's spaceMobile Service is being designed to provide cost-effective, high-speed Cellular Broadband services to end-users who are out of terrestrial cellular coverage using existing mobile devices.

IHI Corp produces power systems and plants, large steel structures, marine machinery, aerospace engines, and other industrial solutions. The company operates its business through four segments. The Aviation, Space, and Defense segment covers aero engines, rocket systems, space utilization, and defense equipment. The Industrial System and General-purpose Machinery segment includes turbochargers, compressors, logistics systems, and industrial machinery. The Resources, Energy, Environment segment focuses on nuclear power, carbon solutions, and related equipment. The Social Infrastructure segment involves bridges, transportation systems, shield systems, construction materials, and urban development.

China Satellite Communications Co Ltd is engaged in the development and management of communication and broadcasting satellite systems; the design and development of satellite ground application systems and related equipment. It also offers technical consulting, engineering design, engineering contracting services related to the satellite business.

Embraer SA based in Sao Paulo, Brazil, manufacturer of jets. Its focus is to achieve customer satisfaction with and services addressing the commercial airline, executive jets, and defense and security markets. It has developed a customer-centric technology-driven portfolio of commercial aviation products and services that allows it to build long-term relationships with clients in the commercial aviation, executive jets, and defense and security markets. It operates through the various segments namely Commercial Aviation, Defense and Security, Executive Aviation, Service and Support, and Other Segments. The company generates maximum revenue from the Commercial Aviation segment.

China Spacesat Co Ltd is a China-based company engages in the development of small satellites, satellite ground systems, and related equipment. Its products offer aerospace system integration, large-scale ground station systems integration, satellite communications applications, satellite navigation applications and information transmission. The company operates its business in North China, northwest of China and South China.

Viasat Inc provides bandwidth technologies and services in three segments: communication services and defense and advanced technologies. The communication services segment provides a wide range of broadband and narrowband communications solutions across government and commercial mobility markets, as well as for residential and enterprise fixed broadband customers: and the defense and advanced technologies segment develops and offers a diverse array of resilient, vertically integrated solutions to government and commercial customers, leveraging core technical competencies in encryption, cyber security, tactical gateways, modems and waveforms. A large majority of the firm's revenue is generated from communication services segment.

Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Ltd is a defense public sector undertaking shipyard under the Ministry of Defence. The company is engaged in building and repairing ships, submarines, various types of vessels, and related engineering products for its customers. The company's activities are the construction of warships, ferries, tugs, dredgers, barges, submarines, merchant ships, etc., with facilities situated in Mumbai and Nhava. It also offers ship designing, ship repairs and refit, tug support, and other related services. The company is organized into two segments: Shipbuilding and Submarine (New Construction and Repairs) and others.

Globalstar Inc is a telecommunications company that derives revenue from the provision of mobile satellite services. Mobile satellite services are typically used by customers where existing terrestrial wireline and wireless communications networks are impaired or do not exist. The company provides communications services such as two-way voice and data transmission. In addition, one-way data transmission is also offered. Both services are offered using mobile or fixed devices. The company is an owner of satellite assets. It has one reportable segment: MSS business. The company generates the vast majority of its revenue within the United States.

Planet Labs PBC is an Earth-imaging company. It uses space to help life on Earth by imaging the world every day and making change visible, accessible, and actionable. Its platform includes imagery, insights, and machine learning that empower companies, governments, and communities around the world to make timely decisions about the evolving world. Its solutions are Broad Area Management. Its products are Planet Monitoring, Planet Tasking, Planet Analytic Feeds, Planetary Variables, Planet Basemaps, Planet Insights, and Platform Pricing. The group provides solutions to the Agriculture Science Program, Energy & Infrastructure, Forestry & Land Use, Mapping, Sustainability, Maritime, Civil Government, U.S. State and Local, Europe, Planet Federal, Defense & Intelligence, and Armed Services.

China Aerospace Times Electronic Co Ltd is a China-based company. It engaged in the manufacturing and distribution of aerospace electronic products. Its products include satellite applications, inertial navigation, Integrated circuit, Drone.

Loar Holdings Inc in the design, manufacture, and sale of niche aerospace and defense components that are essential for today’s aircraft and aerospace and defense systems. Its manufactured products includes auto throttles, lap-belt airbags, two- and three-point seat belts, water purification systems, fire barriers, polyimide washers and bushings, latches, hold-open and tie rods, temperature and fluid sensors and switches, carbon and metallic brake discs, fluid and pneumatic-based ice protection, RAM air components, sealing solutions and motion and actuation devices, among others.

OHB SE provides space technology, security, telematics, and satellite services. It has three business segments, namely Space systems and Aerospace, and Digital. Space systems segment develops and produces low Earth orbit and geostationary satellites for navigation, scientific, communication, and earth observation purposes. The Aerospace segment manufactures products for aviation, space travel, and electronic data transmission. Digital segment is on ground-based space systems (e.g., mechatronic systems for antennas and radio and optical telescopes), the operation of space-borne systems, digital applications based on satellite data, as well as information technology and IT security (cybersecurity). The company derives the majority of its revenue from the space systems segment.

MDA Space Ltd is a developer and manufacturer of technology and services to the space industry. It is an international space mission partner and robotics, satellite systems, and geo-intelligence pioneer. It is engaged in communications satellites, Earth and space observation, and space exploration and infrastructure. Geographically, it generates the majority of its revenue from Canada.

Iridium Communications Inc is the commercial provider of communications services offering true globalised coverage, connecting people, organizations, and assets to and from anywhere, in real time. The company is a provider of mobile voice and data communications services through a constellation of low-earth-orbiting satellites. Iridium's solutions are ideally suited for industries such as maritime, aviation, government/military, emergency/humanitarian services, mining, forestry, oil and gas, heavy equipment, transportation, and utilities. Iridium also provides service to subscribers from the U.S. Department of Defense, as well as other civil and government agencies world-wide. The Company operates in one business segment, providing satellite communications services and products.

Fincantieri is one of the world’s largest shipbuilding groups, operating across the defense, commercial, and specialized maritime sectors. The company designs and builds a wide range of vessels, including cruise ships, naval combatants, submarines, and offshore and specialized ships. It also provides lifecycle support and system integration services. Fincantieri is organized into four main divisions—shipbuilding; equipment, systems, and infrastructure; offshore and specialized vessels; and underwater systems—covering the full spectrum of defense and commercial shipbuilding.

SES SA is a communications satellite owner and operator and functions in the television broadcasting space. It operates in one operating segment, namely the provision of satellite-based data transmission capacity, and ancillary services, to customers around the world. The largest video division delivers television and radio satellite signals to homes through various media providers such as Comcast, Viacom, M7, and QVC. The mobility revenue is derived by offering high-bandwidth Internet connections to maritime users, and SES SA's government division offers secure communication links to international institutions and governments. Fixed Data works to bring satellite networks and connectivity to remote areas.

Geovis Technology Co Ltd is engaged in provision of digital earth products and technology development services. The technology of remote sensing, geographic information system, satellite positioning and navigation, virtual reality, and other independent research and development of the company digital earth products have a position in the domestic digital earth industry. The company provides software sales and data services, technology development services, digital earth integrated machines and system integration with GEOVIS digital earth products as the core for users in the government, enterprises and special fields.

SKY Perfect JSAT Corp is a Japan-based company engaged in providing broadcasting and communication services. The company consists of two operating divisions, which are Media Business and Space Business. The Media Business offers platform services such as customer management activities to broadcasting and streaming businesses and Fiber optic alliance, and others. While Space Business offers telecommunication business, space intelligence business, and others.

Cochin Shipyard Ltd is an Indian-based company engaged in the business activities of Shipbuilding and Ship repair. The company has two operating segments, namely, Shipbuilding and Repair of Ships/Offshore Structures. It generates maximum revenue from the Shipbuilding segment. The Shipbuilding segment offers products such as Oil Tankers, Bulk Carriers, Electric Passenger Ferries, Pax Vessels, Tugs, Aircraft Carriers, Pollution Control Vessels, and many more. The Ship repair segment includes maintenance and repair of all types of vessels including Tankers, Bulk Carriers, Aircraft Carriers, Defense Vessels, and all kinds of Commercial and Specialized vessels.

Redwire Corp is engaged in mission-critical space solutions and reliable components for the next-generation space economy. It assists its customers in solving the complex challenges of future space missions and industries. The company's space infrastructure offerings include a broad array of modern products and services, which have been enabling space missions. The company's plan enables it to combine decades of flight heritage with a culture creating new technologies that are the building blocks of space infrastructure for government and commercial customers.

Shanghai Huace Navigation Technology Ltd manufactures satellite navigation and positioning systems and equipment, geographic information and disaster monitoring system and equipment. It provides positioning solutions for surveying, construction, GIS and marine applications in various countries. The company offers products for GIS data collection, GNSS infrastructure, unmanned aircraft systems, marine construction, optical surveying, GNSS survey and engineering, and precision agriculture.

Eutelsat Communications is a French commercial satellite provider with coverage spanning the European continent, the Middle East, Africa, India, and the Americas. It operates a fleet of over 36 satellites serving broadcasters, telecommunications operators, Internet service providers, and government agencies. These satellites are used for video broadcasting, news gathering, broadband services, and data connectivity solutions. The company generates revenue in Europe, the Americas, the Middle East, North Africa, and Asia.

Hunan Aerospace Huanyu Communication Technology Co Ltd is mainly engaged in the research, development, manufacturing, and service of spaceborne high-end microwave communication systems, satellite communication systems, aerospace technology equipment, and high-end composite material parts and components. The company is committed to providing product support and engineering application services for majorily aerospace host units.

Intuitive Machines Inc is a space exploration, infrastructure, and services company. It is a diversified space company focused on space exploration. It supplies space products and services to support sustained robotic and human exploration to the Moon, Mars, and beyond. Its products and services are offered through its four business units: Lunar Access Services, Orbital Services, Lunar Data Services, and Space Products and Infrastructure. The Company operates in one operating segment and one reportable segment underpinned by three core pillars (delivery services, data transmission services, and infrastructure as a service) that have similar capabilities, customers, and economic characteristics. Revenue is from contracts with customers of orbital and lunar access services.

Space42 PLC offers geospatial and data analytics/artificial intelligence (AI), The company combines and creates opportunities for synergies across data analytics, geospatial intelligence, and satellite communications to unlock value for customers, partners, and shareholders. Its operating segments involve Yahsat Space Services (YSS); and Bayanat Smart Solutions (BSS). Bayanat Smart Solutions (BSS) segment derives maximum revenue. It provides earth observation and geospatial solutions using a multi-sensor system, advanced data analytics using GIQ platform, and industry-specific solutions using advanced Artificial Intelligence (AI). Geographically, the company operates in United Arab Emirates, Asia, Europe, Africa, North America, and Others.

Avio SpA is an international group engaged in the construction and development of space launchers. The company's core operations are design, development and production of solid and liquid propellant propulsion systems for space launchers; design, development and production of solid propellant propulsion systems for tactical missiles; development, integration and supply of complete light space launchers (VEGA); research and development of new low environmental impact propulsion systems and of satellite tracking control engines. The Group mainly operates in EU countries (Italy, France), the USA, and French Guiana.

Sichuan Jiuzhou Electric Co Ltd is a high-tech enterprise group featuring military-civil integration development. The company provides equipment and solutions in areas of ATC, Beidou satellite navigation and positioning service, digital TV system, IOT, wire and cable, e-commerce and software, LED lighting and display.

York Space Systems Inc is a U.S.-based space and defense company that provides mission-related solutions for national security, government, and commercial customers. The company develops its own hardware and software, offering capabilities intended to support customer requirements across various elements of the space mission lifecycle. It offers mission solutions across several complementary product categories: Components, Subsystems, Spacecraft Platforms, Ground Operation, Global Downlink, and Software-Enabled Services. The company derives the majority of revenue from long-term firm-fixed-price (FFP) production contracts for the design of small satellites, launch services, and ground services with both U.S. federal government-controlled agencies as well as domestic commercial customers.

Hwa Create Corp is a China-based company engaged in the research and development, manufacturing, and sale of technologies and products of satellite navigation, radar and communication, navigation and communication antenna and embedded system. Its products are used in electromechanical industries of aviation, aerospace, ship and emulation training. The products of the company include Beidou satellite navigation chips, application modules, and their corresponding simulated test devices, designated antenna for satellite navigation, embedded modules and simulated test devices for radar and communication system, computer simulation and test platform for the electromechanical system, and computer simulation application development services.

Zhuhai Orbita Aerospace Science & Technology Co Ltd manufactures and sells the system on chip (SOC) chips and System in Package (SIP) modules. It is involved in high technology-based business activities ranging from SOC and SIP to satellite constellation big data. The other products offered by the company are AI chips and modules, smart wearable terminals and modules. The products offered by the company are embedded in different systems, especially in medical and aerospace systems.

BlackSky Technology Inc is a provider of real-time geospatial intelligence. The company delivers on-demand, high-frequency imagery, monitoring, and analytics of some of the critical and strategic locations, economic assets, and events in the world. It designs, owns, and operates one of the industry’s low earth orbit (LEO) small satellite constellations, optimized to capture imagery cost-efficiently where and when its customers need it. its Spectra AI software platform processes data from BlackSky's constellation and other third-party sensors to develop the critical insights and analytics that provide its customers with the actionable intelligence. Geographically, the company operates in North America, the Middle East, Asia, and Others.

Sigma Advanced Systems Ltd operates as a manufacturer and service provider of defense systems and security solutions. It specializes in the design, development, and production of defense and aerospace solutions. The company's portfolio includes avionics, naval systems, torpedo systems, communication systems, submarine platforms, radar systems, and counter-unmanned aerial systems for defence and homeland security applications.

Chengdu CORPRO Technology Co Ltd is engaged in the manufacturing and distribution of communication and related equipment. The main products include key components of Beidou satellite navigation application, high-performance integrated circuit, Beidou satellite navigation terminal and Beidou satellite navigation and positioning application system.

Synspective Inc is engaged in development and operation of small SAR satellites and provider of SAR data and satellite solution.

Astroscale Holdings Inc is developing new and scalable solutions across the spectrum of on-orbit servicing, including life extension, in-space situational awareness, end of life, and active debris removal, to create sustainable space systems and mitigate the growing and hazardous buildup of debris in space.

Paras Defence And Space Technologies Ltd is engaged in the designing, developing, manufacturing, and testing of various defense and space engineering products and solutions. The company's product portfolio includes lens barrels, rugged networking and communication equipment, multifold lenses, metal mirrors, submarine winches, and mill grade control systems among others. Its operating segments are; Optics & Optronic Systems; and Defence Engineering. The maximum revenue for the company is derived from its Optics and Optronic Systems segment. Geographically, the firm generates a majority of its revenue from its customers within India and the rest from outside India through exports.

Satellogic Inc is a vertically integrated Earth observation company that designs, manufactures, and operates satellite systems, delivering decision-grade insights at scale to government and commercial customers. Through an end-to-end production and operations model, it provides governments with flexible options across their journey toward sovereign Earth observation. From access to high-frequency imagery and managed space systems to full satellite ownership, to supporting autonomous data availability and long-term technological independence. It has monitoring and alert-driven workflows that help defense and intelligence agencies, civil governments, and commercial operators transition from reactive tasking to proactive decision-making, providing mission-critical data when needed.

Gilat Satellite Networks Ltd is a provider of satellite-based broadband communications. The company designs and manufactures ground-based satellite communications equipment and provides comprehensive solutions and end-to-end services. Its portfolio includes a cloud-based satellite network platform, very small aperture terminals (VSATs), amplifiers, high-speed modems, on-the-move antennas and high-power solid-state power amplifiers (SSPAs), block-up converters (BUCs), and Transceivers. The company's solutions support multiple applications with a full portfolio of products to address key applications including broadband access, cellular backhaul, enterprise, in-flight connectivity, maritime, trains, defense, and public safety.

ShinMaywa Industries Ltd manufactures a wide range of products, including parking systems, aircrafts, trucks, and other industrial systems. The company has four operating segments: aircraft, special-purpose truck, industrial machinery and environmental systems, and parking systems. The special-purpose truck segment generates roughly half of total sales and focuses on distributing dump trucks, lifters, compactors, and forestry machinery. The aircraft segment sells amphibian aircraft (capable of open-sea landing and takeoff) and aircraft parts to other manufacturers. Sales to customers located in Japan constitute about three fourths of total revenue.