DOF Robotics Valuation Multiples

Tesla is a vertically integrated battery electric vehicle automaker and developer of real world artificial intelligence software, which includes autonomous driving and humanoid robots. The company has multiple vehicles in its fleet, which include luxury and midsize sedans, crossover SUVs, a light truck, and a semi truck. Tesla also plans to begin selling a sports car and offer a robotaxi service. Global deliveries in 2025 were nearly 1.64 million vehicles. The company sells batteries for stationary storage for residential and commercial properties including utilities and solar panels and solar roofs for energy generation. Tesla also owns a fast-charging network and an auto insurance business.

Siemens is a multi-industry company focused on the areas of automation, electrification, mobility, and healthcare. Its top three geographic regions—the United States, Germany, and China—contribute over half of group revenue. Siemens has a 71% investment in separately listed Siemens Healthineers. Recent portfolio activity included the listing of Siemens Energy, spinning out its power and gas and Siemens Gamesa business divisions in 2020.

ABB supplies electrical equipment and automation products. Founded in the late 19th century, the company was created out of the merger of two old industrial companies: ASEA and BBC. Its products include electrical equipment, industrial robots, and equipment used for industrial automation, sold via approximately 19 business divisions. ABB is the number-one or -two supplier in two-thirds of its product segments.

Schneider Electric is a global leader in energy management and industrial automation. It holds leading positions in electrical distribution. Its four end-markets include: Buildings, Data Center & Networks, Infrastructure, and Industry. Its largest countries include the United States, China and India.

Honeywell traces its roots to 1885 with Albert Butz’s firm, Butz Thermo-Electric Regulator, which produced a predecessor to the modern thermostat. Other inventions by Honeywell include biodegradable detergent and autopilot. Today, Honeywell is a global multi-industry behemoth with one of the largest installed bases of equipment. It operates through four business segments: aerospace technologies, industrial automation, energy and sustainability solutions, and building automation. Recently, Honeywell has made several portfolio changes to focus on fewer end markets and align with a set of secular growth trends. The firm is working diligently to expand its installed base, deriving around one third of its revenue from recurring aftermarket services.

Delta Electronics (Thailand) PCL manufactures and distributes power supplies, electronic equipment, and components such as DC fans, EMI filters, solenoids, etc. The group's reportable segments are: Power electronics, Mobility, Infrastructure, Automation, and Others. The majority of its revenue is generated from the Power electronics segment, which designs, manufactures, and sells power supplies applied to computer, server, office automation equipment, and household electric appliances. The Mobility segment makes EV power systems, the Infrastructure segment builds ICT and energy systems, and the Automation segment offers industrial and building automation. Geographically, the group generates maximum revenue from the United States, followed by Singapore, Germany, Taiwan, and other markets.

Hitachi Ltd is engaged in diverse businesses spanning industries, energy, IT, and real estate. The company operates through four business segments. The Connective Industries segment covers elevators, escalators, home appliances, air conditioning, semiconductor manufacturing equipment, medical analyzers, industrial and distribution solutions, water and environmental solutions, and industrial equipment. The Digital Systems & Services segment offers system integration, consulting, cloud services, IT products, software, and ATMs. The Green Energy & Mobility segment focuses on power grids, renewable energy, nuclear power, and railway systems. The Others include real estate management, sales, and leasing. It generates the majority of its revenue from the Green Energy & Mobility segment.

Stryker designs, manufactures, and markets an array of medical equipment, instruments, consumable supplies, and implantable devices. The product portfolio includes hip and knee replacements, extremities, endoscopy systems, operating room equipment, embolic coils, hospital beds and gurneys, and orthopedic robotics. Stryker remains one of the three largest competitors in reconstructive orthopedic implants and holds the leadership position in operating room equipment. Roughly one-fourth of Stryker's total revenue currently comes from outside the United States.

Mitsubishi Corp. is Japan’s largest general trading house, or sogo shosha, a type of conglomerate unique to Japan. Its core role is that of a trading intermediary in a variety of industrial sectors, including resources businesses like energy and metals as well as non-resources businesses, both industrial ones like automotive and non-industrial ones like food, healthcare, and retail. In addition to acting as a trading intermediary (including midstream processing functions to convert inputs into final products), Mitsubishi also participates in upstream production businesses and downstream distribution businesses.

Following Johnson Controls’ divestiture of its residential and light commercial HVAC businesses to Bosch in 2025, nearly all of its revenue comes from commercial HVAC (60%) and fire and security products and services (40%). A 2016 merger joined Johnson Controls’ HVAC and Tyco’s fire and security businesses with the premise that there is synergy in offering a broader variety of automation products and solutions to commercial buildings. We estimate Johnson Controls’ pro forma revenue mix will be one-third products, one-third installation, and one-third services.

Founded in 1890 as the first manufacturer of electric fans in North America, Emerson Electric has become a leading industrial automation player through the acquisition of established brands. Emerson organizes its business into seven segments that sell a wide range of automation software, power tools, and automation hardware such as valves, gauges, and switches. In recent years, Emerson divested its climate technology and consumer businesses to become more of a pure-play industrial automation company. The automation of a factory is an enticing long-term proposition for manufacturers, helping reduce accident rates and raise uptime and productivity.

Teradyne provides testing equipment, including automated test equipment for semiconductors, system testing for hard disk drives, circuit boards, and electronics systems, and wireless testing for devices. The firm entered the industrial automation market in 2015 and sells collaborative and autonomous robots for factory applications. Teradyne serves numerous end markets and geographies, directly and indirectly, through its products, but its most significant exposure is to semiconductor testing. Teradyne serves vertically integrated, fabless, and foundry chipmakers with its equipment.

Carrier Global, spun out of United Technologies in 2020, manufactures and services commercial and residential HVAC systems and transportation refrigeration solutions under its flagship Carrier brand, as well as Bryant, Payne, Heil, and others across various price points. In 2024, Carrier acquired Viessmann Climate Solutions to expand its footprint in Europe with heat pumps, boilers, and solar PV equipment. Proceeds from the sale of Carrier’s fire and security (Honeywell) and commercial refrigeration (Haier) businesses reduced debt and focused the company on global HVAC and refrigeration solutions. Carrier generates 75% of sales from equipment and 25% from parts and services. The company derives 50% of revenue from the US, 30% from Europe, and 20% from the Asia-Pacific region.

With roots tracing back to the early 1900s, Rockwell Automation is the successor to Rockwell International, which spun off its avionics segment in 2001. It is a pure-play industrial automation company that operates through three segments. Its largest segment by revenue, intelligent devices, sells factory floor-level devices such as motors, drives, sensors, relays, and actuators. Its software and control segment sells visualization, simulation, and human-machine interface software and control products such as programmable controllers, computers, and operator terminals. Its smallest segment, lifecycle services, offers digital consulting, engineered-to-order services, and other outsourced services such as remote monitoring, cybersecurity, and asset and plant maintenance and optimization.

Hangzhou Hikvision Digital Technology is the world’s largest manufacturer of video surveillance equipment. Since then, the company has been growing its software and analytics offerings, as customers are increasingly seeking customized total solutions. Hikvision is also developing its Innovative businesses, which accounted for 21% of overall 2023 revenue. The smart-home business is powered by the EZVIZ consumer brand. Innovative business includes the development of industrial robotics, automotive electronics, X-ray sensors, infrared sensors, memory products and medical systems. Hikvision employs more than 58,000 people.

Fanuc's primary products include industrial robots, computerized numerical control systems (CNC), and compact machining centers (Robodrills) globally. The company had its beginnings as part of Fujitsu developing early numerical control systems and commands the top global market share with its CNC systems and industrial robots.

Assa Abloy is the world’s largest supplier of locking and physical access solutions, sporting the world’s largest installed base of locks that protect some of the most security-sensitive buildings, such as the European Parliament in Brussels. Some 70% of the group's revenue is derived from commercial, government, and other nonresidential customers. The company's product base is centered on electromechanical locks, which require identification to unlock with a keycard, biometric scan, or personal identification number. Assa Abloy's products are sold directly to security systems integrators, locksmiths, hardware stores, and original equipment manufacturers.

Weg SA produces and sells electric motors, generators, control systems, and other industrial devices world-wide. The company has three reportable segments: industry, energy, and foreign (outside of Brazil). The industry segment manufactures various motors, drives, controls, and equipment for industrial automation. Energy segment products consist of electricity generators, alternators, wind turbines, hydraulic and thermal steam turbines (biomass), substations, transformers, measuring instruments, control panels, and systems integration services. The foreign segment consists of operations carried out through subsidiaries located in different countries.

Switzerland-based Schindler is a top-four global supplier of elevators and escalators. The business generates revenue in three ways: selling new elevators and escalators, modernizing old equipment, and servicing existing installations. Most of the company's profit comes from the last activity, where contracts are rolled over annually with built-in price increases. Ninety percent of its business is in elevators, which are more numerous globally than escalators. Its business model is similar to that of closest competitors Otis, Kone, and TK Elevator.

NARI Technology Co Ltd is engaged in providing power & automation technologies in China. It operates in areas of power system automation, smart grid, renewable energy, railway automation, industrial control, & energy conservation & environment protection.

Inovance is a leading Chinese industrial automation and new energy parts supplier. It offers a wide array of industry automation products such as variable frequency drives, servo systems, program logic controllers, and industrial robots. It also supplies electric drive and power supply systems for new energy vehicles. Inovance generates more than 90% of its revenue from China.

SMC Corp manufactures automatic control and filtration equipment. Its main products include directional control devices, drive systems, pneumatic auxiliary equipment, temperature regulation units, and sensors. These are utilized across a wide range of industries, including steel, chemicals, food processing, physics, medical devices, and other related fields. The company's products are widely applied across sectors such as steel, chemicals, food processing, physics, medical devices, and other related industries.

Daifuku, founded in 1937 and headquartered in Osaka, Japan, is the world’s largest provider of material handling systems. The company designs, manufactures, and integrates automation solutions that manage the movement, storage, and control of goods across industries. Its operations span cleanroom systems for semiconductor and electronics manufacturing, factory automation, distribution center and warehouse systems, airport baggage handling, and automotive production lines. In addition to supplying advanced equipment—such as automated storage and retrieval systems, conveyors, sorting systems, and automated guided vehicles—Daifuku offers software, maintenance, and other services to deliver end-to-end automation solutions for global clients.

ABB India Ltd enables a more sustainable and resource-efficient future with the technology leadership in electrification and automation. It energizes the transformation of society and industry to achieve a more productive, and sustainable by connecting software to its electrification, robotics, automation, and motion portfolio. The company's revenue is split between its four operating segments: Robotics and Discrete Automation, Electrification, Motion, and Process Automation. The company has several manufacturing sites located in India, and the majority of its revenue is generated in India.

RoboTechnik Intelligent Technology Co Ltd is a provider of smart manufactory solutions. Its focus is on developing, designing and manufacturing high-speed automated solutions to meet customer's specific requirements. The company offers smart manufactory solutions for Clean Energy, Electronics and Semi-Conductor, Automotive, as well as Food and Pharmaceutical industry segments, including intelligent production equipments, intelligent Storage System, and intelligent Material Transferring System.

Aptiv PLC is an industrial technology company focused on enabling a more automated, electrified and digitalized future. The company's technologies reach from sensor to cloud, including the hardware and software necessary to support automotive and other industries on a global basis. Its Advanced Safety and User Experience segment provides advanced software and services, intelligent sensors and high-performance compute platforms; its Engineered Components Group segment provides connection systems, high-performance interconnects, and cable management and protection solutions; and its Electrical Distribution Systems segment provides low voltage and high voltage power, signal and data distribution.

Belimo Holding AG is engaged in the development, production, and sales of field devices for the energy-efficient control of heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning system. The focus of the core business is on damper actuators, control valves, sensors, and meters, such as fire damper actuators, valve actuators, globe valves, throttle valves, duct sensors (air), and outdoor sensors (air), among others. The company, along with its subsidiaries, has four reportable operating segments: EMEA, Americas, Asia Pacific, and Shared Services. Maximum revenue for the company is generated from the Americas.

Siemens Ltd produces systems and solutions for electrification, automation, and digitalization. The company's business segments are; Energy, Smart Infrastructure, Mobility, Digital Industries, and others. The Smart Infrastructure segment derives maximum revenue which functions as a supplier of products, systems, solutions, and services for the transmission and distribution of electrical energy for power utilities, industrial companies, and infrastructure segments. The products and services portfolio under this segment includes systems for low and medium-voltage distribution, solutions for smart grids and energy automation, low-voltage power supply systems, provides intelligent and connected infrastructure for grids and buildings. Geographically, it derives maximum revenue from India.

Advantech is the world’s largest supplier of industrial personal computers and a leading provider of embedded boards. The company serves a wide spectrum of downstream sectors, including manufacturing, retail, healthcare, transportation, and energy and environment. Headquartered in Taiwan, Advantech operates manufacturing facilities in Taiwan, mainland China, and Japan.

Moog Inc. manufactures precision motion and fluid control systems for aerospace, defense, and industrial markets. Its four segments are Space and Defense, Military Aircraft, Commercial Aircraft, and Industrial, with the majority of revenue from Space and Defense. The company provides components for defense vehicle platforms, missile systems, naval ships, submarines, and space launch vehicles, and spacecraft. Its products include actuation systems, motion platforms, motors, servo and proportional valves, slip rings, propulsion systems, and weapon stores management systems. it serves industries such as aerospace and defense, industrial automation, energy, marine, motorsport, simulation, and medical devices. It operates in the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, and other regions.

Fuji Electric Co Ltd is a Japanese electrical equipment manufacturer and distributor. The company operates through four segments. The Energy segment covers geothermal, hydro, thermal, fuel cells, photovoltaic, wind power, substation equipment, storage systems, UPS, and control equipment. The Food Distribution segment provides vending machines, store equipment, and money-handling systems. The Industry segment includes inverters, FA components, sensors, FA systems, nuclear power systems, railway and ship systems, electrical works, air conditioning, and ICT equipment. The Semiconductor segment focuses on industrial and automotive power semiconductors, while Others includes financial services, real estate, insurance, travel, and printing services.

SUPCON Technology Co Ltd provides technologies and products with automation control systems as the core, covering industrial software, automation instruments and operation and maintenance services.

Aurora Innovation Inc delivers self-driving technology safely, quickly, and broadly. The Aurora Driver is a self-driving system designed to operate multiple vehicle types, from freight-hauling trucks to ride-hailing passenger vehicles. It underpins Aurora Horizon and Aurora Connect, its driver-as-a-service products for trucking and ride-hailing. The Company is developing the Aurora Driver, a scalable suite of self-driving hardware, software, and data services designed as a platform to adapt and interoperate among vehicle types and applications.

Zebra Technologies is a leading provider of automatic identification and data capture technology to enterprises. Its solutions include barcode printers and scanners, mobile computers, and workflow optimization software. The firm primarily serves the retail, transportation logistics, manufacturing, and healthcare markets, designing custom solutions to improve efficiency at its customers.

Cognex Corp provides machine vision products that help automate manufacturing processes. The firm's products include vision software, vision systems, vision sensors, and ID products. Vision software combines vision tools with a customer's cameras and peripheral equipment and can help with several vision tasks, including part location, identification, measurement, and robotic guidance. Vision systems combine a camera, processor, and vision software into a single package. Vision sensors deliver simple, low-cost solutions for common vision applications, such as checking the size of parts. Geographically, it operates in United states, Europe, Greater China and others. Cognex generates the maximum proportion of its sales in the United States and Europe.

Yaskawa Electric manufactures and sells servo motors, AC drives (inverters), industrial robots, and other motor-based products. It operates mainly in Asia, the Americas, and Europe, the Middle East, and Africa. According to the company, it has the leading global share with AC servo motors/controllers, its cumulative AC servo motor shipments reached 20 million units in 2020, and it is also considered as one of the big four industrial robotics companies. The company was founded in 1915, and its head office is in Kitakyushu, Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan.

Acuity is a leading industrial technology company that offers lighting, lighting controls, and intelligent building solutions. It designs, manufactures, and brings to market products and services relating to these and other offerings. Acuity has two reportable segments: Acuity Brands Lighting and Acuity Intelligent Spaces. ABL sells commercial, architectural, and specialty lighting, including components and control systems. AIS offers building management and audio/visual solutions to help make buildings intelligent.

Horizon Robotics is a provider of driver assistance systems (ADAS) and autonomous driving (AD) solutions for passenger vehicles, empowered by software and hardware technologies. Its solutions combine algorithms, purpose-built software, and processing hardware, providing the core technologies for assisted and autonomous driving that enhance the safety and experience of drivers and passengers. The company has two reportable segments: Automotive solutions and Non-Automotive solutions. A majority of its revenue is generated from the Automotive solutions segment. Geographically, the company derives a majority of its revenue from Mainland China.

Rainbow Robotics is a professional technological mechatronics company, provides top robotic system engineering technology. It develops and produces industrial robots and other robots.

Mobileye Global Inc engages in the development and deployment of ADAS and autonomous driving technologies and solutions. It is building a portfolio of end-to-end ADAS and autonomous driving solutions to provide the capabilities needed for the future of autonomous driving, leveraging a comprehensive suite of purpose-built software and hardware technologies. The company's reportable operating segment are Mobileye and Moovit. Its solutions comprise Driver Assist, Cloud-Enhanced Driver Assist, Mobileye SuperVision Lite, Mobileye SuperVision, Mobileye Chauffeur, Mobileye Drive, Self-Driving System & Vehicles. It derives maximum revenue from Mobileye Segment.

NIBE Industrier AB manufactures and sells energy-efficient products for industrial and consumer use. The firm is organized into three segments by product type. The climate solutions segment, which generates the majority of revenue, sells HVAC systems and hot water heaters to homes, apartment buildings, and other large properties. The elements segment sells components and elements to multiple industries, including appliance manufacturers, home remodelers, energy, and automotive. The stoves segment sells energy-efficient stoves and chimney systems to residential and commercial customers. The vast majority of revenue comes from Europe.

Yokogawa Electric Corporation is a Japanese electrical engineering and software company. The company operates through three segments: Control, Measuring Instruments, and New Business etc. The Control segment offers sensors, analyzers, production control systems, software, and related services. The Measuring Instruments segment provides waveform, optical communication, signal, and various measuring devices. The New Business, etc. segment focuses on IoT- and AI-based services as well as biomass material operations. The company generates the majority of its revenue from the Control segment.

Ubtech Robotics Corp Ltd is engaged in design, production, commercialization, sales and marketing and research and development (R&D) of smart service robotic products and services. It offers consumer-level robots and appliances, enterprise-level smart service robotic products and services tailored for education, logistics and other sectors, are equipped to different extent with smart features that sense, interact, analyze and process human instructions and external environment such as mapping, temperature measurement and facial recognition.

Omron Corporation, founded in 1933 and headquartered in Kyoto, Japan, is a leading global manufacturer specializing in automation, sensing, and control technologies. The company operates through diverse business segments, including industrial automation, healthcare, social systems, device & module solutions, and data solutions. Its offerings range from factory automation equipment, electronic components, and social infrastructure systems to medical devices and healthcare data analytics. With operations across Japan, Asia, the Americas, Europe, and other regions, Omron plays a pivotal role in advancing industrial productivity, healthcare innovation, and social infrastructure, guided by its mission of “improving lives and contributing to a better society.”

JBT Marel Corp is a technology solutions provider to segments of the food and beverage industry. It designs, produces, and services products and systems for a broad range of end markets, generating roughly one-half of annual revenue from recurring parts, services, rebuilds, and leasing operations.

MISUMI Group Inc is engaged in the manufacture and sale of factory automation and related components. The group operates through three segments: Factory Automation Business, Mold Parts Business, and VONA Business. The Factory automation (FA) Business provides standard parts for factory automation and high-precision production equipment; the Mold Parts Business develops and supplies press dies and precision mold parts mainly for automotive and electrical fields; and the VONA Business operates a general distribution platform offering manufacturing and automation-related equipment and consumables.

Brother Industries Ltd is a Japan-based company mainly engaged in producing and selling office equipment, printing solutions, and related supplies. The company operates through seven segments. The Domino segment covers industrial printing equipment, while the Machinery segment handles machine tools, industrial sewing machines, and garment printers. The Network and Content segment involves karaoke equipment and IT systems, and the Nissei segment produces reducers and gears. The Others segment includes new construction and renovation of buildings, and investment in information systems. The Personal and Home segment makes household sewing machines, and Printing and Solutions focuses on telecommunications and printing equipment. It generates majority revenue from Printing & Solutions segment.

Novanta Inc supplies core technology solutions to medical, life science, and advanced industrial OEMs, leveraging proprietary expertise in precision medicine, precision manufacturing, robotics and automation, and advanced surgery. It has two segments: Automation Enabling Technologies and Medical Solutions. Automation Enabling Technologies, which generates the majority of revenue, provides laser beam steering and scanning solutions, laser sources, and robotic and precision motion technologies. The Medical Solutions segment provides medical-grade technologies, including medical insufflators, endoscopic pumps, and integrated operating room technologies. The company operates in the United States, Germany, and other markets, with revenue generated from the United States.