WISA Group Valuation Multiples

CRH is a global building materials group headquartered in Dublin, Ireland and New York, which moved its primary stock listing to the New York Stock Exchange in June 2023. It was formed on 20 October 1970 through the merger of Cement Limited and Roadstone Limited and listed on the Irish Stock Exchange in 1973. It operates through CRH Americas, covering materials and building solutions across 48 US states and 7 Canadian provinces, and CRH International, with operations in Europe, Australia and the Philippines, from about 3,961 locations in 28 countries. For 2025 it reported revenue of US$37.4 billion and net income of US$3.75 billion with about 83,000 employees, and it earns revenue from aggregates, cement, asphalt, ready-mixed concrete and building products. Its acquisitions include the EUR 6.5 billion Lafarge and Holcim assets in 2015, which included Tarmac in the UK, and Ash Grove Cement for US$3.5 billion in 2018. Jim Mintern is chief executive.

Holcim is a manufacturer of Building Materials and Building Solutions that are used across the built environment, from infrastructure and industry to buildings. Over 50% of group sales are generated in Europe, with its largest markets being France, UK, Mexico and Australia. Holcim's low-carbon brands, ECOPact and ECOPlanet, account for over one-third of its cement and concrete sales.

Martin Marietta Materials is one of the United States' largest producer of construction aggregates (crushed stone, sand, and gravel). In 2024, Martin Marietta sold 191 million tons of aggregates. Martin Marietta's most important markets include Texas, North Carolina, Colorado, California, and Georgia, accounting for most of its sales. The company also uses its aggregates in its asphalt and ready-mixed concrete businesses. Martin’s magnesia specialties business produces magnesia-based chemical products and dolomitic lime.

Vulcan Materials is the largest producer of construction aggregates in the US. The company produced around 228 million tons of aggregates in 2025 and has 16.6 billion tons of proven and probable reserves, equivalent to roughly 83 years of supply at current production levels. Over the past several years, Vulcan has increasingly focused its portfolio on aggregates while reducing its exposure to downstream businesses such as ready-mix concrete and asphalt. The company operates across 23 US states, with additional operations in Mexico.

UltraTech Cement Ltd produces and sells cement and cement-related products. The company generates the vast majority of its revenue in India. The company's product portfolio includes Ordinary Portland cement, Portland blast-furnace slag cement, and Portland Pozzolana cement. Ordinary Portland cement is used for a wide range of applications including concrete products, masonry, and plastering. The firm's customers are in the building and construction industries. Geographically, it operates in India as well as in other countries, of which India derives key revenue.

Heidelberg Materials is one of the world’s largest building materials companies, with operations in 60 countries. Its core activities include the production of cement and aggregates, which are used to construct houses, infrastructure, and commercial facilities. The sale of cement and aggregates accounts for the majority of group revenue and profits. Europe is the company’s largest market contributing nearly half of group sales. Heidelberg Materials is listed in Germany and has 55,000 employees.

Amrize is a building solutions company focused exclusively on the North American market. Amrize earns revenue from the sale of cement, aggregates, ready-mix concrete, asphalt, roofing systems, and other building solutions. The company is organized into two reportable segments: building materials and building envelope. The building materials business consists of Amrize’s cement, aggregates, ready-mix concrete, and asphalt operations. The building envelope segment offers advanced roofing and wall systems, including single-ply membranes, insulation, shingles, sheathing, waterproofing, and protective coatings, along with adhesives, tapes, and sealants.

Grasim Industries Ltd is a cement and viscose staple fibre (VSF) manufacturing firm based in India. The activities of the group fall under the operating segments of Cellulosic Fibres, Chemicals, Building materials, Financial Services, and Others. It derives key revenue from the Building materials segment which covers products like grey cement, paints, white cement, and allied products. Geographically, the company derives a majority of its revenue from the domestic market and the rest from other countries through exports.

International Paper manufactures packaging products and cellulose fibers. It accounts for roughly one-third of the North American corrugated packaging market. The company also has a substantial presence in Europe following its acquisition of DS Smith. International Paper serves a variety of end markets, including industrial, consumer products, and manufacturing.

James Hardie is a manufacturer of fiber cement-based building products, selling primarily to the residential construction industry. North America is the primary geography, generating about 80% of group earnings. Here, it is the largest manufacturer of fiber cement, which is mainly used for exterior siding on houses. Following the Azek acquisition in 2025, it also produces wooden composite decking materials, siding trims, and accessories for outdoor areas, including stair and deck railing. Businesses in Australia, New Zealand, and Europe make up the rest of its earnings.

Cemex SAB de CV is a ready-mix concrete company that mainly engaged in activities that are oriented to the construction industry, mainly through the production, marketing, sale, and distribution of cement, ready-mix concrete, aggregates, urbanization solutions, and other construction materials and also provide related services and reliable construction-related services to customers and communities and maintain business relationships in more than 60 countries throughout the world. The company operates in different parts of the world, with operations in Mexico, the United States, the EMEA region and the SCA&C region.

Weyerhaeuser Co ranks among the world's key forest product companies. Following the 2016 sale of its pulp business to International Paper, Weyerhaeuser operates three business segments: timberlands, wood products, and real estate. Weyerhaeuser is structured as a real estate investment trust and is not required to pay federal income taxes on earnings generated by timber harvest activities. Earnings from its wood products segment are subject to federal income tax. Weyerhaeuser acquired fellow timber REIT Plum Creek in 2016.

Anhui Conch Cement mainly engages in the production and sale of cement, clinker, and concrete in China. The company was established in 1997 and headquartered in Anhui province. With annual cement production capacity of over 400 million metric tons in 2024, the firm is the second-largest cement manufacturer in China. Sales of self-produced products contribute to about 80% of its revenue, with the remainder mainly from the trading business and service income.

UPM-Kymmene Oyj is a Finnish paper and biomaterials company. The company produces products related to the forestry industry including paper, pulp, and plywood. UPM is also a major electricity generator in Finland and is one of the global producers of self-adhesive labeling materials. It delivers responsible solutions and innovation for a future beyond fossils across six business areas: UPM Fibres, UPM Energy, UPM Raflatac, UPM Specialty Papers, UPM Communication Papers, and UPM Plywood. Geographically, the company has operational footprints in Sweden, Finland, the Netherlands, and other regions.

Suzano is a Brazilian producer of eucalyptus pulp, paper, paperboard and tissue products. Founded in 1924, it became the world's largest market pulp producer after absorbing Fibria in 2019. The group plants and harvests eucalyptus in Brazil, runs large pulp mills, and sells pulp to tissue, printing and packaging manufacturers in more than 100 countries, along with printing and writing paper, paperboard and consumer hygiene brands. It is listed on the B3 exchange in São Paulo and on the NYSE. It has expanded in North America, in tissue through a joint venture with Kimberly-Clark's international business, and in logistics including a stake in the Portocel terminal. Its venture arm, Suzano Ventures, backs start-ups in bio-based materials.

Posco Future M is in the business of coal chemistry and carbon materials. Its key business includes refractory manufacture and sale, furnace construction and maintenance, lime business, environmental business, comprehensive chemicals, carbon materials, and secondary battery anode materials, among others. The group operates in two segments: Basic Materials Division, which includes Refractory Business, Lime Mars Business, and Energy Materials Division, which includes the manufacture and sale of cathode and cathode materials. It generates the majority of its revenue from the Energy Materials Division.

BlueScope is an Australia-based steelmaker with five business units. The Australian steel products segment mainly specializes in branded coated and painted flat steel products, sold domestically. North Star is the group’s US minimill, specializing in the production of hot rolled coil for US construction and automotive sectors. Building products Asia operates across Southeast Asia, China, and India, and the US building and coated products North America is involved in metal coating and painting, and the supply to nonresidential construction projects using BlueScope’s materials. New Zealand steel and the Pacific Islands business produces flat and long steel products for New Zealand and building components for the Pacific Islands.

Ambuja Cements Ltd manufactures and sells cement, concrete, and cement-related products to the building and construction industries. The company's portfolio of products includes Portland Pozolona cement and ordinary Portland cement. The vast majority of the firm's revenue is generated in India. Ambuja Cements has operations throughout India and uses a network of ports, bulk cement terminals, captive ships, and railroads to transport its products to both warehouses and directly to customers. The company also has a technical services team that partners with customers to teach concrete mixing and curing techniques.

Shree Cement Ltd manufactures and sells cement and cement-related products to the building and construction industries. It derives revenue from cement, clinker, and power sales, of which cement products contribute majorly to the revenue. The cement products are offered under the brands Shree Jung Rodhak and Bangur. Geographically, the company's majority of the revenue is generated within India.

Svenska Cellulosa AB is Europe's private forest owner, engaged in different business segments such as the Forest segment, which generates key revenue, and supplies its industries with timber. The Wood segment includes five sawmills in northern Sweden and wood processing and distribution to the building materials trade in Sweden and France, The Pulp segment encompasses the production and sale of bleached softwood kraft pulp (NBSK) and chemi-thermomechanical pulp (CTMP), which are produced at the Ostrand pulp mill, The Containerboard segment includes packaging paper with kraft liner manufacturing at the Obbola and Munksund paper mills, and The Renewable Energy segment which encompasses production and sales of processed and unprocessed biofuels as well as liquid biofuels.

Buzzi is an Italian cement and ready-mix concrete producer headquartered in Casale Monferrato, listed on the Milan stock exchange. It operates in Italy, the United States, Germany, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, the Czech Republic and Slovakia, Poland, Brazil, Mexico, the United Arab Emirates and other markets. In 2025 consolidated net sales were EUR 4,518.8 million and net profit was EUR 924.1 million, with hydraulic binder sales of 31.9 million tons and ready-mix concrete sales of 9.9 million cubic meters. The Buzzi family holds about 53 percent through Presa and Fimedi. Recent steps include full control of its Brazilian joint venture NCPAR in October 2024, a controlling stake in Gulf Cement Company in the United Arab Emirates in 2025, and a 25 percent stake in Alpacem Zement Austria with the sale of the Fanna plant in February 2025. S&P rates the company BBB+.

Stora Enso Oyj is a renewable materials company. It provides renewable products in packaging, biomaterials, and wooden construction, and private forest owners. Its operating segments are Packaging Materials, Packaging Solutions, Biomaterials, Wood Products, Forest, and others. The Packaging Solutions division develops and sells premium fiber-based packaging products and services. Its high-end eco-friendly packaging products are used by brands across multiple market sectors, including the retail, e-commerce, and industrial sectors. Key revenue is generated from the Packaging Solutions segment.

Simpson Manufacturing Co Inc is a manufacturer of wood construction products. The company offers connectors, truss plates, fastening systems, fasteners, prefabricated lateral systems, concrete construction products, adhesives, mechanical anchors, carbide drill bits, powder-actuated tools, and fiber-reinforced materials. Simpson Manufacturing markets its products to the residential, light industrial, and commercial construction markets as well as the remodeling and do-it-yourself markets. The Company is organized into three reporting segments defined by the regions namely North America, Europe, and Asia Pacific. The company generates the majority of its revenue from wood products.

BUA Cement PLC is engaged in the manufacturing and sale of cement to the general public. The company generates revenue from the sale of bagged cement and sale of bulk cement. Geographically the company generates the majority of its revenue in Nigeria.

Rockwool AS manufactures and sells building materials, including insulation and roofing systems. The company organizes itself into two segments based on the product: Insulation and Systems. The Insulation segment, sells building, industrial, and technical insulation and external thermal insulation wall systems to the construction industry. The Systems business sells acoustic ceilings and wall systems, external cladding systems, horticultural substrate solutions, engineered fiber solutions, and noise and vibration control to the construction and automotive industries. The majority of revenue is from the Insulation Segment. The majority of sales come from Europe.

Huaxin Building Materials Group Co Ltd is engaged in the manufacture and sale of cement, concrete, clinker, aggregates, and other building materials. Its business is divided into segments, with the Domestic segment generating the majority of revenue and covering the production and sale of cement, concrete, aggregates, clinker, and other construction materials within China. The Overseas segment includes similar activities outside China, focusing on the production and sale of these building materials in international markets.

TCC Group Holdings Co Ltd engages in the manufacturing and marketing of cement, cement-related products and ready-mixed concrete. The majority of revenue comes from Taiwan and the rest from Asia and Europe.

Largest maker of structural steel tubes in India, selling hollow sections and pipes for construction, infrastructure and engineering use under the Apollo brand through dealers. Plants across several Indian states. Headquartered in the Delhi NCR (Ghaziabad).

Valmet Oyj is a Finland-based company that supplies technologies, automation solutions, and other services to customers in the pulp, paper, packaging, tissue, and energy industries. The company operates in two segments; Biomaterial Solutions and Services, covering pulp, energy, circularity, packaging, paper, and tissue; and Process Performance Solutions, focusing on flow control and automation technologies. The company generates maximum revenue from the Biomaterial Solutions and Services segment. At the transaction date, the organisation operated in Packaging & Containers, Paper & Forest Products and participated through the products, services, assets or investment capabilities described in the cited materials. It served B2B customers, users or counterparties through those activities. Its commercial model generated revenue through product sales and services and subscription, supported by sector expertise, operating execution and customer relationships. The business depended on its people, technology, physical assets, regulatory position or investment capital as appropriate to the sector. This profile identifies the legal or operating participant in the historical transaction and preserves that identity where a later merger, disposal, delisting or reorganisation changed the company’s name or ownership.

Shandong Sunpaper Co Ltd is a China-based paper-making company. It manufactures and distributes paper products. The company operates through five segments. The Thermoelectric segment focuses on generating and supplying electricity as well as steam. The Pulp segment covers the manufacturing and marketing of chemical mechanical pulp and dissolving pulp. The Paper-Making segment is responsible for producing and distributing various paper products. The Chemical segment manufactures and sells papermaking-related chemical products. The Trade segment offers commercial trading services. The company's main products include cultural paper, packaging paper, FMCG paper products, specialty grades, food-grade paper, various pulp products, and other related items.

Eagle Materials Inc produces and sells construction products and building materials. Construction products include cement, slag, concrete, and aggregates and building materials include cement and gypsum wallboard, and are sold to the construction and building industries. The firm organizes itself into two sectors: Heavy Materials, which includes the Cement and Concrete and Aggregates segments, and Light Materials, which includes the Gypsum Wallboard and Recycled Paperboard segments.

Rayonier Inc is a timberland real estate investment trust engaged in the ownership, management, and investment of timberlands. The company operates through Southern Timber, Pacific Northwest Timber, and Real Estate segments. The Southern Timber and Pacific Northwest Timber segments are involved in harvesting timber and related activities, as well as value-added services such as licensing properties for hunting, leasing land for mineral extraction and communication infrastructure, land-based solutions including carbon capture and solar energy, and log trading. The Real Estate segment is engaged in land sales across various categories, as well as residential and commercial leasing activities. It generates the majority of its revenue from the Southern Timber segment.

West Fraser Timber is a softwood lumber company that also produces wood panels and pulp products. The company produces its wood products globally, with lumber mills in British Columbia, Alberta, Europe, and the Southeastern United States. Following its acquisition of Norbord in 2021, West Fraser is one of the largest oriented strand board producers in the world.

Louisiana-Pacific Corp is an oriented strand board producer and also offers engineered wood siding used in home construction and repair and remodel projects. The Siding business of the company serves different markets with a broad product portfolio of engineered wood siding, trim, soffit, and fascia. The Company operates through three operating segments: Siding, OSB, and LP South America (LPSA). The company generates majority of its revenue from siding segment.

Trex Co Inc is a manufacturer of wooden alternative decking products. The company offers outdoor products in the decking, railing, porch, fencing, trim, steel deck framing, and outdoor lighting categories. Its products are sold under the Trex brand and manufactured in the United States. Further, the company licenses its Trex brand to third parties to manufacture and sell products under the Trex trademark. The distribution is focused on wholesale distributors and retail lumber dealers, which in turn sell Trex products to homeowners and contractors, with an emphasis on professional contractors, remodelers, and homebuilders. The company operates in one reportable segment i.e. Trex Residential.

Sanwa Holdings Corp is a Japan-based company engaged in producing and selling construction materials for buildings and commercial facilities. The company also provides maintenance and renovation services. Its products include condominium doors, window shutters, exterior products, garage doors, operators, and hinge doors for residential buildings; and heavy-duty shutters, steel doors, partitions, stainless steel products, overhead doors, automatic doors, truck/trailer doors, and industrial doors for non-residential buildings. The company operates in Japan, North America, and Europe.

Mitsui Chemicals Inc manufactures and sells a variety of chemicals, plastics, and chemical-based products. The firm organizes itself into four segments. The Basic & Green Materials segment provides ethylene, propylene, polyethylene, polypropylene, catalysts, phenols, PTA, PET resins, polyurethane, and industrial chemicals. The ICT Solutions segment supplies semiconductors, electronic components, process and optical materials, and battery-related materials. The Life & Healthcare Solutions segment covers vision care, nonwovens, oral and personal care materials, and agricultural chemicals. The Mobility Solutions segment offers elastomers, functional compounds, polypropylene compounds, and automotive-related products, while Others include related businesses.

Xinyi Glass Holdings Ltd is engaged in the production and sales of float glass products, automobile glass products, construction glass products, and a variety of related products in the PRC and Malaysia. Its product portfolio comprises clear glass, glass for windshields, heating glass, laminated glass, heat-reflective coated glass, and others. The company's operating segments are Float glass, Automobile glass, and Architectural glass. A majority of its revenue is generated from the Float glass segment, which offers clear glass, F-green glass, and European gray glass. Geographically, the company generates maximum revenue from Greater China, and the rest from other regions like Europe, Australia, New Zealand, Africa, the Middle East, Central America, North and South America.

Holmen AB produces and sells timber, wood products, a variety of paper products, and electricity generated through renewable energy sources. The company organizes itself into four segments based on product type: Forest, Board and Paper, Wood Products, and Renewable Energy. The company's product portfolio includes logs, biofuel, paperboard for consumer packaging, paper for books, construction timber, and renewable energy from hydro and wind power. The company's customer segment is composed of printing firms, sawmills, pulp mills, paper mills, the construction industry, and the packaging industry, among others. The vast majority of revenue comes from the company's Board and Paper segment.

Mondi is a multinational packaging and paper group headquartered in Weybridge, England, with shares listed on the London Stock Exchange (a FTSE 250 constituent) and the Johannesburg Stock Exchange. It produces pulp, containerboard, kraft paper, paper bags, corrugated packaging, consumer flexible packaging, functional papers and films, and uncoated fine paper, and sells them to consumer goods, food, e-commerce, industrial and office paper customers, mainly in Europe. Revenue comes from product sales out of an integrated network of mills and converting plants. The company's roots lie in South Africa, where its former owner Anglo American built the Merebank Mill in Durban in 1967; it expanded in Central Europe through Neusiedler, Frantschach and the Swiecie mill in Poland before demerging from Anglo American in July 2007 as a dual-listed company, simplified into a single Mondi plc in 2019. It bought Nordenia in 2012, sold its Russian assets including the Syktyvkar mill in 2023, dropped a £5.1 billion offer for DS Smith in 2024, and agreed in 2024 to buy western European packaging assets from Schumacher Packaging. In 2025 Mondi reported revenue of €7,663 million and operating income of €497 million, and it employs about 24,000 people. Andrew King is chief executive.

UFP Industries Inc is a supplier of lumber to the manufactured housing industry. Today UFP Industries is a multibillion-dollar holding company with subsidiaries around the globe that serve three markets: retail, packaging and construction. Its business segments consist of UFP Retail Solutions, UFP Packaging, UFP Construction, All other and Corporate. It describes itself as an innovation company, a logistics company, a design company, an engineering and value-added product and solutions company.

Oji Holdings Corp through its group companies, is engaged in the production and distribution of pulp, paper products, and converted paper products. The company operates through five segments. The Functional Materials segment covers specialty paper, thermal paper, adhesives, and films. The Living and Industrial Materials segment includes corrugated base paper, paperboard, packaging paper, household paper, and disposable diapers. The Print Information Media segment engages in newsprint, printing, publishing, and information paper. The Resource and Environmental Business segment spans pulp, energy, afforestation, and wood processing. The Others segment comprises trading, eco-friendly packaging, logistics, engineering, real estate, and liquid cartons.

Lafarge Africa PLC through its subsidiaries is engaged in manufacturing and marketing of cement, concrete, and aggregates products, including the provision of building solutions. Its products include Ashakacem, UniCem, Elephant cement, Lafarge Powermax, RoadCem, and Supaset cement among others. It has two segments Cement & Readymix products. The majority of the revenue is generated from the cement segment.

Cement and wall putty maker with grey and white cement capacity in north, central and south India. It sells through dealers to home builders and construction customers. Headquartered in Kanpur, with corporate office in New Delhi.

Asia Cement Corp manufactures and sells cement, concrete, and cement-related products to the construction and building industries, and engages in leasing activities. The company is also required to undertake reforestation activities in designated areas. Asia Cement's product portfolio includes Portland cement types I and II, cement clinker, ready-mix concrete, furnace powder, and plaster among others. Its reportable segments are as follows: Cement which derives key revenue, Electric Power, Investment, Engineering, Transportation, Stainless Steel, and Leasing. The majority of the company's revenue comes from Taiwan and China.

Cementos Argos SA is a cement-producing company. In terms of the concrete and cement business, it is Colombia's key producer and one of the key producers in the sector across Central America and the Caribbean. The company's corporate purpose is the exploitation of the cement industry, the production of concrete mixes and any other materials or items made of cement, lime or clay, the acquisition and exploitation of minerals or deposits of exploitable minerals in the cement industry, and similar rights to explore and mine the aforementioned minerals, whether by concession, privilege, lease or other title. Its operating segments are: Colombia, which generates maximum revenue, the Caribbean, Central America, Trading, and Corporate and others.

Titan SA is an international business operating in the building and infrastructure materials industry, committed to providing the materials, solutions, and services needed for safe and sustainable homes, buildings, and infrastructure. The company offers construction materials, solutions, and services that enable people to enjoy life while supporting the development of sustainable living environments.

Klabin SA operates in various segments of the pulp and paper industry, supplying domestic and foreign markets with wood, bleached pulp, packaging paper, paper sacks, and corrugated cardboard boxes. The firm organizes itself into four segments based on product type: Forestry, Paper, Packaging, and Pulp. The Forestry segment involves operations related to planting and growing pine and eucalyptus trees and selling timber to third parties. The Paper segment mainly involves the production of cardboard, Kraftliner, and recycled paper rolls, and their sale. The Packaging segment, which derives maximum revenue, involves the production and sale of corrugated cardboard boxes, cardboard, and industrial bags. The Pulp segment includes the production and sale of short, long, and fluff fiber pulp.