Cascades Valuation Multiples

Smurfit WestRock manufactures corrugated packaging and consumer packaging, such as folding cartons and paperboard. After the merger of Smurfit Kappa and WestRock in summer 2024, Smurfit WestRock became the largest producer of containerboard in the world, with substantial operations in North America, South America, and Europe.

Packaging Corp. of America is the third-largest containerboard and corrugated packaging manufacturer in the United States. It produces over 5 million tons of containerboard annually. The company's share of the domestic containerboard market is roughly 10%. PCA differentiates itself from larger competitors by focusing on smaller customers and operating with a high degree of flexibility.

Amcor is a global producer of plastic packaging primarily for the fast-moving consumer goods industry. About 90% of earnings are exposed to the flexible packaging business. This is soft disposable plastic for a variety of food, drink, healthcare, and hygiene products. The remainder of earnings are from the Latin and North American rigids business, which is primarily beverage bottling for the soft drink industry. Operating in more than 35 countries, Amcor has market share in its established regions of North America, Latin America, Europe, and Asia-Pacific. About half of group sales are derived from North America and the remainder is split equally between Western Europe and emerging markets. Australia and New Zealand sales make up less than 5% of group sales.

International Paper manufactures packaging products and cellulose fibers. It accounts for roughly one-third of the North American corrugated packaging market. The company also has a substantial presence in Europe following its acquisition of DS Smith. International Paper serves a variety of end markets, including industrial, consumer products, and manufacturing.

Weyerhaeuser Co ranks among the world's key forest product companies. Following the 2016 sale of its pulp business to International Paper, Weyerhaeuser operates three business segments: timberlands, wood products, and real estate. Weyerhaeuser is structured as a real estate investment trust and is not required to pay federal income taxes on earnings generated by timber harvest activities. Earnings from its wood products segment are subject to federal income tax. Weyerhaeuser acquired fellow timber REIT Plum Creek in 2016.

UPM-Kymmene Oyj is a Finnish paper and biomaterials company. The company produces products related to the forestry industry including paper, pulp, and plywood. UPM is also a major electricity generator in Finland and is one of the global producers of self-adhesive labeling materials. It delivers responsible solutions and innovation for a future beyond fossils across six business areas: UPM Fibres, UPM Energy, UPM Raflatac, UPM Specialty Papers, UPM Communication Papers, and UPM Plywood. Geographically, the company has operational footprints in Sweden, Finland, the Netherlands, and other regions.

Ball is the world's largest metal can manufacturer with market share over 30% in its three main regions (North America, Europe, and South America). The company is focused on increasing capacity amid a wave of new developed-market demand, while also investing in faster-growing emerging-market economies. Ball spun-off its glass jar business in 1993 and is now owned by Newell. The company reports three segments-beverage packaging, North and Central America (48% of 2025 revenue), beverage packaging, EMEA (30%), beverage packaging, South America (16%)-and it generated $13 billion in revenue in 2025.

Avery Dennison Corp provides materials science and digital identification solutions, offering labeling and functional materials, RFID inlays and tags, software connecting physical and digital, and products that enhance packaging and customer experience. Serving industries including retail, apparel, e-commerce, logistics, food, pharmaceuticals, and automotive it operates through two reportable segments: Materials Group, which manufactures and sells pressure-sensitive label materials, graphics, reflective products, performance tapes, and other adhesive solutions, and earns the majority of revenue; and Solutions Group, which provides brand and price tickets, tags, labels with RFID inlays, and related services, supplies, and equipment.

Crown Holdings is one of the world's largest producers of metal packaging. The company manufactures beverage cans, metal food cans, and closures as well as aerosol cans. With the purchase of Signode, the company also has a presence in a wide variety of protective transport packaging. Although it's headquartered in the United States, the vast majority of Crown's sales come from its operations in Europe, South America, and Southeast Asia.

Suzano SA produces and sells pulp and a variety of paper products. The company organizes itself into two segments based on product type: Pulp and Paper. The Pulp segment generates the majority of revenue. The firm's product portfolio includes printing and writing paper, paperboard, diapers, and sanitary napkins. The company owns forest land and plants in Brazil, where it harvests timber and turns the timber into pulp and paper in its plants.

CCL Industries Inc manufactures and sells packaging and packaging-related products. The company operates through various segments, which include The CCL segment, which generates the majority of revenue, and sells pressure-sensitive and extruded film materials used for labels on consumer packaging, healthcare, automotive, and consumer durable products. The Avery segment sells software, labels, tags, dividers, badges, and specialty card products under the Avery brand. The Checkpoint segment includes the manufacturing and selling of technology-driven, inventory management and labeling solutions. Innovia segment manufactures specialty films. Its geographical segments include Canada; USA and Puerto Rico; Mexico, Brazil, Chile, and Argentina; Europe; and Asia, Australia, Africa, and New Zealand.

Stora Enso Oyj is a renewable materials company. It provides renewable products in packaging, biomaterials, and wooden construction, and private forest owners. Its operating segments are Packaging Materials, Packaging Solutions, Biomaterials, Wood Products, Forest, and others. The Packaging Solutions division develops and sells premium fiber-based packaging products and services. Its high-end eco-friendly packaging products are used by brands across multiple market sectors, including the retail, e-commerce, and industrial sectors. Key revenue is generated from the Packaging Solutions segment.

Dai Nippon Printing Co Ltd operates in various business areas using its printing and information technologies. The company operates in the following segments: Life & Healthcare, Electronics, and Smart Communication. Its key revenue is derived from the Smart Communication segment, which includes the imaging communication business, focusing on photo printing, the Information Security business, providing business process outsourcing (BPO) and smart card services, and content & XR communication. The Life & Healthcare segment includes its mobility and industrial high-performance materials business, bulk pharmaceutical manufacturing and medical packaging, and the packaging, living spaces, and beverages businesses. Electronics focuses on functional films, display components, and others.

Svenska Cellulosa AB is Europe's private forest owner, engaged in different business segments such as the Forest segment, which generates key revenue, and supplies its industries with timber. The Wood segment includes five sawmills in northern Sweden and wood processing and distribution to the building materials trade in Sweden and France, The Pulp segment encompasses the production and sale of bleached softwood kraft pulp (NBSK) and chemi-thermomechanical pulp (CTMP), which are produced at the Ostrand pulp mill, The Containerboard segment includes packaging paper with kraft liner manufacturing at the Obbola and Munksund paper mills, and The Renewable Energy segment which encompasses production and sales of processed and unprocessed biofuels as well as liquid biofuels.

Simpson Manufacturing Co Inc is a manufacturer of wood construction products. The company offers connectors, truss plates, fastening systems, fasteners, prefabricated lateral systems, concrete construction products, adhesives, mechanical anchors, carbide drill bits, powder-actuated tools, and fiber-reinforced materials. Simpson Manufacturing markets its products to the residential, light industrial, and commercial construction markets as well as the remodeling and do-it-yourself markets. The Company is organized into three reporting segments defined by the regions namely North America, Europe, and Asia Pacific. The company generates the majority of its revenue from wood products.

Sealed Air is organized via two reporting segments. Food includes food packaging products like Cryovac, Darfresh, and OptiDure aimed primarily at meats. Protective includes Sealed Air's Bubble Wrap, Instapak, Jiffy mailers, and shrink film packaging systems that cater to industrial and e-commerce applications.

SIG Group AG is a systems and solutions provider for aseptic carton packaging solutions, comprising filling machines, sleeves, and closures as well as after-market services. Its geographical segments include Europe; India, Middle East and Africa (IMEA); Asia Pacific (APAC) and Americas. It generates maximum revenue from the Europe segment. The company offers packaging solutions for the beverages and food industry.

Shandong Sunpaper Co Ltd is a China-based paper-making company. It manufactures and distributes paper products. The company operates through five segments. The Thermoelectric segment focuses on generating and supplying electricity as well as steam. The Pulp segment covers the manufacturing and marketing of chemical mechanical pulp and dissolving pulp. The Paper-Making segment is responsible for producing and distributing various paper products. The Chemical segment manufactures and sells papermaking-related chemical products. The Trade segment offers commercial trading services. The company's main products include cultural paper, packaging paper, FMCG paper products, specialty grades, food-grade paper, various pulp products, and other related items.

Holmen AB produces and sells timber, wood products, a variety of paper products, and electricity generated through renewable energy sources. The company organizes itself into four segments based on product type: Forest, Board and Paper, Wood Products, and Renewable Energy. The company's product portfolio includes logs, biofuel, paperboard for consumer packaging, paper for books, construction timber, and renewable energy from hydro and wind power. The company's customer segment is composed of printing firms, sawmills, pulp mills, paper mills, the construction industry, and the packaging industry, among others. The vast majority of revenue comes from the company's paper and paperboard segments combined, and it earns the majority of its revenue in Europe.

Louisiana-Pacific Corp is an oriented strand board producer and also offers engineered wood siding used in home construction and repair and remodel projects. The Siding business of the company serves different markets with a broad product portfolio of engineered wood siding, trim, soffit, and fascia. The Company operates through three operating segments: Siding, OSB, and LP South America (LPSA). The company generates majority of its revenue from siding segment.

Coca-Cola Femsa, a subsidiary of Femsa, is the largest franchise bottler of Coca-Cola in volume terms. The company purchases beverage concentrates and syrup from Coca-Cola, which it then processes and packages for distribution through modern trade, traditional trade, and the on-premises channel. Mexico and Brazil make up 80% of the total volume and sales, with the rest from other Central and South American countries, including Panama, Guatemala, Uruguay, and Argentina. Femsa and Coca-Cola hold 47% and 28% economic interests in Coca-Cola Femsa through nonpublicly traded A and D shares, respectively, while controlling 56% and 33% of the voting power.

Over its 100-year-plus history, Sonoco Products has steadily assembled a diverse portfolio of industrial and consumer packaging product offerings such as flexible and rigid plastics, reels and spools, pallets, and composite cans. The company serves a variety of consumer and industrial end markets throughout North America. Sonoco has raised its dividend each year for more than 40 years.

Valmet Oyj is a Finland-based company that supplies technologies, automation solutions, and other services to customers in the pulp, paper, packaging, tissue, and energy industries. The company operates in two segments; Biomaterial Solutions and Services, covering pulp, energy, circularity, packaging, paper, and tissue; and Process Performance Solutions, focusing on flow control and automation technologies. The company generates maximum revenue from the Biomaterial Solutions and Services segment.

West Fraser Timber is a softwood lumber company that also produces wood panels and pulp products. The company produces its wood products globally, with lumber mills in British Columbia, Alberta, Europe, and the Southeastern United States. Following its acquisition of Norbord in 2021, West Fraser is one of the largest oriented strand board producers in the world.

UFP Industries Inc is a supplier of lumber to the manufactured housing industry. Today UFP Industries is a multibillion-dollar holding company with subsidiaries around the globe that serve three markets: retail, packaging and construction. Its business segments consist of UFP Retail Solutions, UFP Packaging, UFP Construction, All other and Corporate. It describes itself as an innovation company, a logistics company, a design company, an engineering and value-added product and solutions company.

Oji Holdings Corp through its group companies, is engaged in the production and distribution of pulp, paper products, and converted paper products. The company operates through five segments. The Functional Materials segment covers specialty paper, thermal paper, adhesives, and films. The Living and Industrial Materials segment includes corrugated base paper, paperboard, packaging paper, household paper, and disposable diapers. The Print Information Media segment engages in newsprint, printing, publishing, and information paper. The Resource and Environmental Business segment spans pulp, energy, afforestation, and wood processing. The Others segment comprises trading, eco-friendly packaging, logistics, engineering, real estate, and liquid cartons.

Klabin SA operates in various segments of the pulp and paper industry, supplying domestic and foreign markets with wood, bleached pulp, packaging paper, paper sacks, and corrugated cardboard boxes. The firm organizes itself into four segments based on product type: Forestry, Paper, Packaging, and Pulp. The Forestry segment involves operations related to planting and growing pine and eucalyptus trees and selling timber to third parties. The Paper segment mainly involves the production of cardboard, Kraftliner, and recycled paper rolls, and their sale. The Packaging segment, which derives maximum revenue, involves the production and sale of corrugated cardboard boxes, cardboard, and industrial bags. The Pulp segment includes the production and sale of short, long, and fluff fiber pulp.

Mondi PLC makes and sells packaging and paper products. The company's operating segments include Corrugated Packaging; Flexible Packaging and Uncoated Fine Paper. It generates maximum revenue from the Flexible Packaging segment. Flexible Packaging segment includes Kraft paper; Paper bags; Consumer flexibles; Functional paper and films and Pulp. The majority of revenue comes from Europe.

Reynolds Consumer Products Inc is a provider of household products. The firm is engaged in the production and sales of cooking products, waste and storage products, and tableware. It operates through four reportable segments namely, Reynolds Cooking and Baking, Hefty Waste and Storage, Hefty Tableware, and Presto Products. Reynolds Cooking and Baking segment produce branded and store brand aluminum foil, disposable aluminum pans, parchment paper, freezer paper, wax paper, butcher paper, plastic wrap, baking cups, oven bags and slow cooker liners.

Silgan Holdings manufactures about half of the metal food containers in North America. Its major customers include Campbell Soup, Nestle, and Del Monte. Silgan's other business segments include plastic dispensers and containers for personal and healthcare products and a closures business that manufactures metal and plastic lids and caps.

Trex Co Inc is a manufacturer of wooden alternative decking products. The company offers outdoor products in the decking, railing, porch, fencing, trim, steel deck framing, and outdoor lighting categories. Its products are sold under the Trex brand and manufactured in the United States. Further, the company licenses its Trex brand to third parties to manufacture and sell products under the Trex trademark. The distribution is focused on wholesale distributors and retail lumber dealers, which in turn sell Trex products to homeowners and contractors, with an emphasis on professional contractors, remodelers, and homebuilders. The company operates in one reportable segment i.e. Trex Residential.

Nine Dragons Paper (Holdings) Ltd operates as a paper products manufacturer. The company is a pulp and paper manufacturing group specializing in the integrated production of pulp and paper, with main products including various kinds of environmentally friendly packaging paper, printing and writing paper, high-end virgin paper, and products from the entire upstream and downstream production chain. Covering the full industry spectrum, it offers kraftlinerboard, testlinerboard, white top linerboard, coated linerboard, bleached folding boxboard, high-performance corrugating medium, coated duplex board, gypsum board cover paper, and more.

SKC Co Ltd is a Korea-based company engaged in the manufacture and supply of chemicals and industrial films. The company operates through three segments: the Chemistry segment, which produces POD and related chemical products; the Semiconductor Material segment, which manufactures semiconductor test sockets and related materials; and the Secondary Battery Material segment, which produces copper foil and other battery components. It generates the majority of its revenue from the Chemistry segment.

Ableprint Technology Co Ltd is a company that provides solutions to packaging process problems as an entry into the entrepreneurial market, provide a complete set of systems to solve problems and reduce manufacturing costs.

Greif Inc is a producer of industrial packaging products and services with manufacturing facilities located in many countries. It offers a comprehensive line of rigid industrial packaging products, such as steel, fiber, and plastic drums, rigid intermediate bulk containers, closure systems for industrial packaging products, transit protection products, water bottles and remanufactured and reconditioned industrial containers, and services, such as container life cycle management, blending, filling, logistics, warehousing, and other packaging services. The company operates in three reportable business segments including Global Industrial Packaging, Paper Packaging and Services, and Land Management. It operates in USA, Europe, Middle East, Africa and Asia and Other Americas.

Huhtamäki Oyj, a Finland-based company, manufactures and sells consumer packaging products through three segments. The Fiber Foodservice Europe, Asia, and Oceania segment specializes in high-quality paperboard and molded fiber packaging for fresh food and beverages. The company serves retail tableware, food service, and consumer goods packaging markets in North America. The Flexible Packaging segment offers a variety of products including light and flexible packaging materials, pouches, labels for food and beverages, coffee packaging, pet food packaging, barrier packaging, retort pouches, and healthcare product packaging.

SCG Packaging PCL is an integrated packaging solutions provider. Its business is divided into three segments; Integrated Packaging Business, Fibrous Business, and Recycling Business. Maximum revenue for the company is derived from its Integrated Packaging Business segment, which comprises fiber, paper, consumer, and performance packaging products such as containerboard, sack kraft, plasterboard liner, coated duplex board, flexible packaging products, and others. Geographically, the company generates maximum revenue from its business in Thailand and the rest from Vietnam, Indonesia, China, and other regions.

Toyo Seikan Group Holdings Ltd is a Japan-based packaging container manufacturer. The company operates through six segments. The Engineering, Filling, and Logistics segment handles packaging equipment, contract filling, and cargo transport. The Functional Materials segment covers aluminum substrates, optical films, pigments, frit, and gelcoats. The Packaging Container segment produces metal, plastic, paper, and glass containers. The Real Estate segment focuses on leasing office buildings and commercial facilities. The Steel Plate segment manufactures and sells steel plates and related products. The Others segment includes automotive press dies, rigid combiners, and non-life insurance agency services. It generates the majority of its revenue from the Packaging container business segment.

Empresas CMPC SA produces and sells pulp, paper, packaging, tissue paper, and other paper products. The firm organizes itself into three segments based on product type. The pulp forestry segment, which generates the majority of revenue, harvests timber and sells pulp, which is used to make paper products. The paper segment sells a variety of paper products. The tissue segment sells tissue papers. The majority of revenue comes from Latin America. The majority of the company's shares outstanding are owned by Matte Group.

Vidrala SA manufactures and sells a variety of glass products. The firm operates plants that create and mould glass into bottles and jars based on specific customer needs. The company's customers manufacture beer, juices, spirits, wines, oils, vinegar, and preserved food. Vidrala also offers logistical services for packaged food products within the United Kingdom. The company organizes itself into three segments based on geography: the U.K. and Ireland, Italy, the Iberian Peninsula and the rest of Europe. It makes the majority of its revenue from the Iberian Peninsula and the rest of the Europe segment.

Viscofan SA is a casing market and offers growth propositions in the food and health sectors outside the traditional business. It engaged in the manufacture, distribution, and marketing of all types of casings and films for food use. Its products include Cellulose, Collagen, Fibrous, Functional solutions, Plastics, Viscofan Veggie, eFAN, and Edileaf. It also manufactures casings, films, and bags obtained through the treatment of plastic polymers. It has a geographic presence in EMEA, APAC, North America, and South America with key revenue generation from EMEA.

Graphic Packaging Holding Co is a holding company that manufactures and sells a variety of paper-based consumer packaging products through its subsidiaries. The company's reportable segments are; Paperboard Manufacturing, Americas Paperboard Packaging, and Europe Paperboard Packaging. The majority of the revenue is generated from its Americas Paperboard Packaging segment which includes paperboard packaging sold predominantly to consumer packaged goods (CPG) companies and cups, lids and food containers sold to foodservice companies and quick-service restaurants (QSR) serving the food, beverage, and consumer product markets in the Americas. Geographically, the company generates revenue from the Americas, Europe and Asia Pacific regions.

PT Indah Kiat Pulp & Paper Tbk manufactures paper, pulp, and packaging paper. The company's operating segment includes cultural paper and pulp and industrial paper and tissue products. Its cultural paper and pulp products segment consists of cultural paper and other related cultural paper products and pulp. The industrial paper products segment consists of linerboard, corrugating medium, corrugated shipping containers, and boxboard. Geographically, it derives a majority of its revenue from Asia and also has a presence in Europe, the Middle East, America, Africa, and Australia. The company generates maximum revenue from the cultural paper and pulp segment.

Verallia is a manufacturer of glass containers for the food and beverage industries. As a global supplier and partner for its customers in the wine, spirits and food markets. The Group has identified the following 3 operating segments corresponding to the geographical areas in which the assets are located. Southern and Western Europe, comprising production sites located in France, Italy, Spain and Portugal. Southern and Western Europe. Northern and Eastern Europe, comprising production sites located in Germany, the United Kingdom, Poland, Ukraine and Russia. Latin America, comprising production sites located in Brazil, Argentina, and Chile. The company generates the majority of its revenue from Southern and Western Europe.

The Navigator Co SA produces and sells pulp, paper, and energy. The company segments is based on product type. The market pulp segment, which sells pulp paper to international paper producers. The UWF segment, which sells paper through retail stores (B2C) and commercial distribution (B2B). Tissue segment, which sells tissue paper for private label to national and international retail chains. The Biomass renewable energy segment includes the cogeneration units and the two independent thermoelectric power plants and Support. The majority of revenue comes from Rest of Europe.

Ardagh Metal Packaging SA is a supplier of infinitely recyclable, sustainable, metal beverage cans and ends to brand owners. The company deals with multiple categories of products including beer, carbonated soft drinks, energy drinks, hard seltzers, juices, pre-mixed cocktails, teas, sparkling waters, and wine. Its segment includes Europe and the Americas. It derives a majority of its revenue from the Americas.

Boise Cascade Co is a producer of engineered wood products (EWP) and plywood. The firm operates in two reportable segments, namely Wood Products and Building Materials Distribution. The Wood Products segment manufactures laminated veneer lumber (LVL), I-joists, and laminated beams. In addition, it manufactures structural, appearance, and industrial-grade plywood panels, and ponderosa pine lumber. The Building Materials Distribution segment is engaged in the distribution of various building materials, including oriented strand board (OSB), plywood, and lumber; general line items such as siding, composite decking, doors and millwork, metal products, roofing, and insulation; and EWP, among others. The company generates a majority of its revenue from the Building Material Distribution segment.

LINTEC Corp produces and sells paper, electronic, and industrial materials products in three segments based on product type. The printing and industrial materials products segment, which generates more revenue than any other segment, sells adhesive papers and tapes for seals, labels and automobile-use adhesive products, as well as construction-related films for windows and automobiles. The electronic and optical products segment sells semiconductor-related adhesive tapes. The paper and converted products segments sells paper products used for envelopes, printing, and food packaging. The majority of revenue comes from Japan.