Armah Sports Valuation Multiples

Disney operates in three global business segments: entertainment, sports, and experiences. Entertainment and experiences both benefit from the firm’s ownership of iconic franchises and characters. Entertainment includes the ABC broadcast network, several cable television networks, and the Disney+ and Hulu streaming services. Within the segment, Disney also engages in movie and television production and distribution, with content licensed to movie theaters, other content providers, or, increasingly, kept in-house for use on Disney’s own streaming platform and television networks. The sports segment houses the ESPN family of TV networks and streaming services. Experiences contains Disney’s theme parks, cruises, and vacation destinations and also engages in merchandise licensing.

Live Nation is the largest live entertainment company in the world, serving as a concert promoter, venue operator, and ticketing platform. In addition, the firm generates revenue from sponsorships and advertising. With offices in 51 countries, Live Nation promotes concerts globally and it owned, operated, or had exclusive booking rights to more than 400 venues worldwide at the end of 2025, which the firm says makes it the second-largest operator of music venues globally. In 2025, Live Nation promoted nearly 55,000 events, drawing roughly 160 million fans. Ticketmaster is a dominant global ticketing service, selling nearly 650 million tickets in 2025.

Oriental Land is a prominent Japanese company primarily known for its ownership and operation of the Tokyo Disney Resort. It includes two theme parks, Tokyo Disneyland and Tokyo DisneySea, as well as hotels, shopping, and dining facilities. Oriental Land collaborates closely with The Walt Disney Company under a licensing agreement until 2076. This partnership has been instrumental in establishing Tokyo Disney Resort as one of the leading tourist destinations in Japan, attracting millions of visitors annually from domestic and international markets. Beyond its entertainment ventures, Oriental Land has also ventured into real estate development and operates Ikspiari, a retail and entertainment complex adjacent to Tokyo Disneyland.

Madison Square Garden Sports Corp owns and operates a portfolio of assets featuring some of the recognized sports teams, including the Knicks of the NBA and the Rangers of the NHL. It generates revenue from several sources: ticket sales and a portion of suite rental fees at The Garden and others. It has one operating and reportable segment and one reporting unit for goodwill impairment testing purposes.

Life Time Group Holdings Inc is a lifestyle and leisure brand offering health, fitness, and wellness experiences to a community. It is engaged in designing, building, and operating distinctive and large, multi-use sports and athletic, professional fitness, family recreation, and spa centers in a resort-like environment, principally in residential locations of metropolitan areas in the United States and Canada.

Light & Wonder is principally an electronic gaming machine manufacturer, selling machines to pubs, clubs, and casinos. The firm is licensed in most jurisdictions allowing gambling globally. Light & Wonder is one of the three largest players in the space along with International Game Technology and Aristocrat Leisure. SciPlay, about one fourth of revenue, develops and distributes casual mobile games, principally in the social casino niche. The more nascent iGaming business sits between these two businesses, providing digital content and capabilities to real-money gaming providers.

Toho Co Ltd is a diversified media company with interests in the film and theater businesses. The company operates through three primary business segments: movie, theater, and real estate. The movie segment generates the vast majority of its revenue and is involved in the production and distribution of feature films. The theater segment is involved in planning, producing, and performing stage productions. The corporate real estate segment leases land and buildings. The company generates the vast majority of its revenue in Japan.

Benefit Systems SA is Poland based company which is engaged in providing work benefits in the area of sport, recreations, culture and entertainment. Its products portfolio includes MultiSport Plus card, program that allows access to the sport and recreation clubs and multi-purpose facilities as well as Mybenefit, Benefitlunch, Multibilet, Multikafeteria and others.

Planet Fitness Inc is a franchisor and operator of fitness centers in the United States. The company's reportable segments are Franchise, Corporate-owned stores, and Equipment. Franchise segment includes operations related to its franchising business in the United States, Puerto Rico, Canada, Panama, Mexico and Australia, Corporate-owned stores segment includes operations with respect to all corporate-owned stores throughout the United States and Canada, and The Equipment segment includes the sale of equipment to franchisee-owned stores in the U.S. The firm generates a majority of its revenue from the Corporate-owned stores segment.

Cinemark Holdings Inc is a geographically diverse operator in the motion picture exhibition industry in the United States. The company generates revenue from filmed entertainment box office receipts and concession sales, with additional revenue from screen advertising, screen rentals, and other revenue streams, such as transactional fees, vendor marketing promotions, studio trailer placements, meeting rentals, and electronic video games located in some of the theatres. Cinemark manages its business under two reportable segments: U.S. markets and international markets. The majority of its revenue is generated from the U.S. markets segment.

Atlanta Braves Holdings Inc is a holding company. It operates through its wholly-owned subsidiary, which is the owner and operator of the Atlanta Braves Major League Baseball Club and the mixed-use real estate development, The Battery Atlanta, and is the operator of the Atlanta Braves Major League Baseball Club’s stadium, Truist Park. The company predominantly derives revenue related to the Braves baseball franchise and Truist Park from ticket sales, concessions, local broadcasting rights, advertising sponsorships, suites and premium seat fees, retail and licensing revenue, shared MLB revenue streams, including national broadcasting rights and licensing, and other sources. The company's reportable segments include: Baseball which generates key revenue, and Mixed-Use Development.

OneSpaWorld Holdings Ltd is an operator of health and wellness centers onboard cruise ships and an operator of health and wellness centers at destination resorts all over the world. It offers a suite of premium health, fitness, beauty, and wellness services and products. The services provided by the company include body, salon, and skin care services and products, fitness classes and personal fitness training and pain management, detoxifying programs, and comprehensive body composition analyses among others. The company has only one single segment of Maritime and Destination Resorts.

Basic-Fit NV is in the business of operating fitness clubs. It follows a straightforward membership model with Easy, Smart, and Flex formats with different payment options and durations. In addition, the company is also engaged in the business of offering personal trainer services, selling energy drinks and nutritional bars, etc. It has five operating segments: the Netherlands, Belux (Belgium and Luxembourg), France, Spain, and Germany. A majority of its revenue is generated from France.

Six Flags Entertainment Corp is North America’s regional amusement resort operator with approximately 27 amusement parks, around 15 separately gated water parks, and nine resort properties across the U.S., Canada, and Mexico. It provides coasters, themed rides, thrilling water parks, resorts, and a portfolio of beloved intellectual properties such as Looney Tunes, DC Comics, and PEANUTS.

Imax Corp is a technology platform for entertainment and events. Through its proprietary software, auditorium architecture, patented intellectual property, and specialized equipment, IMAX offers end-to-end solution to create superior, immersive content experiences for which the IMAX brand is globally renowned. The Company has two reportable segments being Content Solutions and Technology Products and Services. The Company leverages its proprietary technology and engineering in all aspects of its business, which principally consists of the IMAX film remastering and the sale or lease of premium IMAX theater systems.

Smartfit Escola DE Ginastica E Danca SA is a fitness club. The company provides physical conditioning services through gymnasiums, bodybuilding, dancing and swimming. Facilities offered by the company include SmartBox, free weight, gym classes, bicycles, smart bike, fitness equipment, and a running machine, among others. The Company is present in fourteen countries, namely Brazil, Mexico, Colombia, Chile, Peru, Argentina, Paraguay, Panama, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Guatemala, El Salvador, and Honduras, operating in the HVLP segment with the brand Smart Fit, in the Premium segment with the brand Bio Ritmo, and in the digital fitness segment.

Toei Co Ltd engaged in the production of theatrical movies, TV dramas, direct-to-video productions, and anime, as well as a diverse range of businesses based on film production. The company releases both domestic and foreign movies, including its own films directly managed theaters and cinema complexes operated by the subsidiary T-Joy Co., Ltd. It also offers a digital cinema system providing packaged video software, such as DVD and Blu-ray discs. Its video distribution services engage in the sales of content to distribution media and the distribution of movies on iTunes in Japan. It operates more than ten official mobile websites via three major carriers namely NTT DOCOMO, au, and SoftBank.

Melco Resorts & Entertainment is one of only six licensed casino operators in Macao. It operates Altira, a complex focused on premium customers; City of Dreams, an integrated resort in Cotai serving both mass-market and premium patrons; and Mocha Clubs' electronic gaming machines. The company also has a majority interest in Studio City, which opened in 2015. Outside Macao, Melco owns City of Dreams Manila in the Philippines and City of Dreams Mediterranean in Cyprus. The business mix in terms of adjusted EBITDA was about 84% from Macao, with the rest from overseas as of 2025.

United Parks & Resorts Inc is an American theme park and entertainment company. Its core business is the operation of theme parks and entertainment facilities involving sea animals across the country under prominent brands such as SeaWorld, Busch Gardens, Aquatica, Discovery Cove, and Sesame Place. The company generates the majority of its revenue from selling admission tickets for its theme parks.

AMC Entertainment Holdings Inc is involved in the theatrical exhibition business. The company owns, operates, or has interests in theatres located in the United States and Europe. It provides amenities such as plush, power recliners, MacGuffins full bars, AMC Dine-In Theatres, and premium presentation. The company has identified two reportable segments and reporting units for its theatrical exhibition operations, U.S. markets and International markets. It derives key revenue from the U.S.

Round One Corp engages is a Japanese company providing various leisure facilities. The firm principally engages in the management of indoor leisure facilities that mainly includes bowling, amusement activities, spotcher, airporin, spocha, shuttle bus, and karaoke. The company also has operations based in the United States.

EVT is an Australian-based provider of entertainment, hospitality, and leisure-related services. The entertainment division consists of cinemas in Australia (Event Cinemas), New Zealand, and Germany, as well as the State Theatre in Sydney, complemented by various restaurants and bars. The ventures arm consists of development of the group's vast property assets and provision of hotel management solutions to third parties. The travel arm consists of the group's hotel operations (QT, Rydges, Atura), and the Thredbo ski and mountain-biking resort. The group generates the most of its earnings in Australia.

Corporacion Interamericana de Entretenimiento SAB de CV is a Mexico-based company engaged in the business of providing entertainment services in Latin America and worldwide. It offers a wide Range of entertainment options to a variety of audiences and budgets in large- and medium-sized cities. Its services include concerts, theatrical productions, sporting events, family events and cultural events, among others. In addition, it operates an amusement park in Colombia.

CDA (Compagnie des Alpes) is a France-based holding company. The group's main business activity is the operation of entertainment facilities. Its primary operating segments are ski areas, which include the operation of ski lifts and maintenance of ski runs and trails; leisure parks, which cover the operation of theme parks, combined amusement and animal parks, water parks, wax museums, and tourist sites; and Holding & support segment.

SkiStar AB operates resorts in Scandinavia. The company manages and operates mountain ski resorts in Hemsedal and Trysil, Norway, as well as in Salen, Are, and Vemdalen, in Sweden. It has an online system where guests can book accommodations, ski passes, ski school lessons, and ski rentals. SkiStar operates its business in the following segments; Operation of Mountain Resorts and Property Development. A majority of its revenue is generated from the Operation of Mountain Resorts segment which comprises the operation of ski resorts and the sale of all products and services in this area, such as SkiPass, accommodation, activities, skishop products, etc. The company also manages accommodation properties for hire and owns the land for development.

Lucky Strike Entertainment Corp is an operator of location-based entertainment. Across several locations in North America, the company provides experiential offerings in bowling, amusements, water parks, and family entertainment centers (FECs). It operates traditional bowling locations and more upscale entertainment concepts with lounge seating, arcades, enhanced food and beverage offerings, and more robust customer service for individuals and group events, as well as hosting and overseeing professional and non-professional bowling tournaments and related broadcasting.

Leejam Sports Co is a Saudi Arabian company that owns and operates a network of sports and fitness centers in the Middle East and North Africa under the name Fitness Time. Its brands include Fitness Time Plus, Fitness Time, Fitness Time Pro, Fitness Time Junior, Fitness Time Ladies, and Fitness Time Ladies Pro. The company's operating segments include the Local region and International region. It generates maximum revenue from the Local region segment and also from Subscriptions and membership.

Daiichikosho Co Ltd is a Japanese electronics company engaged. It is engaged in the manufacturing, sale, and leasing of karaoke software and equipment. The company businesses include Professional karaoke business; Karaoke/restaurant business; Record label business; Elder business; Franchise business; Parking business; BGM broadcasting business; and Web business.

Kinepolis Group NV is a diversified media company engaged in operating in the cinema industry. The business activities involve operation of cinema multiplexes: sale of tickets, confectionery, and beverages, sale of advertising space, event organization, etc. The company geographically operates in segments such as Belgium, Canada, the Netherlands, France, the United States, Spain and Luxembourg. The Switzerland and Poland activities are combined in other segment. The company earns the vast majority of its revenue from Belguim Segment.

Shochiku Co Ltd is a diversified media company that primarily operates in the film and production industry. The company has four business segments, which include motion picture, theatre, real estate, and other. The motion picture business produces and distributes television and feature film content. Additionally, the company licenses content domestically and internationally. The theatre segment plans, produces, and promotes kabuki presentations. The real estate business segment owns and leases development properties. The other business largely focuses on merchandise sales. The company earns the vast majority of its revenue in Japan.

SATS ASA is engaged in providing fitness training services in the Nordics for both men and women. The company's training options include studio training for individual strength and cardio training, group training classes, personal trainers specializing in a wide range of areas, boot camps for smaller groups, out-of-club training for members' convenience, and retail shops providing members.

Falcons Beyond Global Inc. is a Company that provides a full range of theme park design, master planning, and experiential technologies for customers in the entertainment and attraction industry through its Falcon’s Creative Group reportable segment and develops and co-owns resort and theme park attractions through its Destinations Operations. The Company has four operating segments, Falcon’s Creative Group, PDP, Falcon’s Beyond Brands, and Destinations Operations, all of which are reportable segments. It earns the majority of the revenue from Falcon’s Creative Group segment.

Marcus Corp is engaged in two business segments, which are movie theatres and Hotels and Resorts. The movie theatres segment operates multiscreen motion picture theatres in Wisconsin, Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio and others, a family entertainment center in Wisconsin and a retail center in Missouri; Hotels and Resorts segment owns and operates full-service hotels and resorts in Wisconsin, Illinois, and Nebraska and manages full-service hotels, resorts and other properties in Wisconsin, Minnesota, Texas, Nevada, California, and North Carolina. It generates maximum revenue from the Theatres segment.

Hollywood Bowl Group PLC is principally engaged in operating ten-pin bowling and mini-golf centres, supplying and installing bowling equipment, and developing new centres and related activities. The company operates brands including Hollywood Bowl, Splitsville, and Puttstars, with activities focused on leisure and entertainment venues offering bowling and mini-golf. It has two operating segments: i) the provision of ten-pin bowling and mini-golf centres in the United Kingdom, and ii) the provision of ten-pin bowling and mini-golf centres and the installation of bowling equipment in Canada. The majority of revenue is generated from the UK segment from the provision of activities like Bowling, Food and drink, Amusements and Others.

Tourism Holdings Ltd is a New Zealand-based company engaged in the design, manufacture, rental, and sale of motorhomes and other tourism-related activities. The company operates in the following segments namely New Zealand Rentals; Action Manufacturing; Tourism Group; Australia Rentals, sales and manufacturing; United States Rentals and corporate. It generates maximum revenue from Australia Rentals segment.

Haichang Ocean Park Holdings Ltd is a leisure company focused on theme parks. The company operates several theme parks in China with ocean, adventure, and water themes. In addition to theme parks, Haichang owns ancillary commercial properties adjacent to its theme parks that offer complementary services. The company's theme parks and surrounding properties provide rides, sightseeing, entertainment, dining, and shopping. Ocean-themed parks, the style in which Haichang themes of its parks, focus on marine animal breeding and conservation. Its segments include Park Operations, Operation as a service, and Property Development. Nearly all of its revenues come from Mainland China.

Tivoli AS operates Tivoli amusement park, located in central Copenhagen. It provides services like rides, music, entertainment, food, and drink. Its amusement park includes a green park, a concert hall, a theatre, and a circus. The company operates in six business segments: Games, Food & Beverage, High-End, Enterprise Rental, Sales, and Culture. It generates the majority of its revenue from the Sales segment.

Cineplex Inc is a diversified media company that operates chains of movie theaters. The company has three reporting segments: film entertainment and content, media and amusement and leisure. The film entertainment and content segment include Theatre Exhibition, Theatre Food Services, Alternative Programming & Distribution and Digital Commerce. Media segment includes Cinema and Digital Place-Based Media. Amusement and leisure segment includes Location Based Entertainment. Key revenue is generated from Film Entertainment and Content.

Curves Holdings Co Ltd is an operator of fitness club curbs for women.

Koshidaka Holdings Co Ltd is engaged in Caves real estate management business karaoke bowling.

Gym Group (The) PLC provides low-cost, 24/7 health and fitness facilities across the United Kingdom. The company offers flexible no-contract gym memberships, and it also ensures that all its sites have easy-access parking or are close to transportation hubs. The facilities include a wide variety of equipment as well to deliver value for the money for its members. It generates the majority of its revenue from Membership income.

CJ CGV Co Ltd is a South Korea based company engaged in the activity of managing and operating movie theaters. The company also operates multiplex theaters under the brand name of Imax, Starium, Veatbox, Sweetbox, Star, Cine de Chef, Gold Class and Euroclass. Also, it offers advertising services, sale of movie tickets as well as food and beverage.

Xiamen Comfort Science and Technology Group Co Ltd is a China based company operating in the industries of health massage, health environment, home medical care, and others. The company is principally engaged in manufacturing massage healthcare product like massage chairs. It also offers products in the areas of healthy environment like humidifier, and health monitoring like weight analysis device. The company sells its products in China and other international countries. Some of the company's brands are Ogawa, Cozzia, Fuji, Fujimedic, and Medisana.

TWC Enterprises Ltd is a leisure services provider in Canada. Its core business is Golf club operations under the brand name ClubLink One Membership More Golf. The company's geographical segment includes Canadian golf club operations and United States golf club operations. It generates maximum revenue from the Canadian golf club operation segment.

Dave & Buster's Entertainment Inc owns and operates nearly a hundred entertainment and dining establishments in the United States where customers can eat, drink, play games, and watch televised sports. Each store offers a full menu of entries and appetizers, a complete selection of alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages, and an extensive assortment of entertainment attractions centered around playing games and watching live sports and other televised events. It derives maximum revenue from Entertainment.

PT Nusantara Sejahtera Raya Tbk is a company that focuses on screening films and providing F&B to provide a high-quality entertainment experience. Its main business activities consist of cinema business activities, F&B sales, as well as organizing events and advertising. The company has two segments: Movie, food and beverages; and All other segments. It derives maximum revenue from Movie, food and beverages segment.

Kuwait National Cinema Company KPSC is a Kuwait-based company operates in the entertainment industry. It focuses on the activities related to the cinema industry, entertainment, and cultural events. The segment in which the company operates includes Cinema division, Concession division, and Investments division. Cinema segment covers activities related to cinema shows; the Concession segment covers activities related to concessions supplemented to theaters, and the Investment segment represents investments in shares and funds, in addition to investment properties. It generates maximum revenue from the Cinema Division segment.