Lindex Group Valuation Multiples

Since its founding in 1962, Walmart has become the world’s largest retailer, operating over 10,700 stores globally (including 4,600 namesake locations on its home turf and another 600 Sam’s Club outlets) and growing its e-commerce presence, attracting 270 million customers weekly. In aggregate, the firm posted more than $680 billion in fiscal 2025 sales. Its core operations span three reporting segments: Walmart US (68% of fiscal 2025 sales), Walmart International (18%), and Sam’s Club (14%). Within the US, nearly 60% of its $465 billion in fiscal 2025 revenue came from its grocery offerings, with another quarter from general merchandise. Internationally, Walmart’s operations are concentrated in Mexico, though it also has budding exposure to India.

Home Depot is the world's largest home improvement specialty retailer, operating 2,359 warehouse-format stores offering more than 30,000 products in store and 1 million products online in the US, Canada, and Mexico. Its stores offer building materials, home improvement products, lawn and garden products, and decor products and provide various services, including home improvement installation services and tool and equipment rentals. The acquisition of Interline Brands in 2015 allowed Home Depot to enter the MRO business, which has been expanded through the tie-up with HD Supply (2020). The 2024 tie-up with SRS will help grow professional demand in roofing, pool, and landscaping projects, while the 2025 purchase of GMS will lift building product sales through 1,250 distribution locations.

LVMH is a global producer and distributor of luxury goods. It operates six segments: fashion and leather goods, its largest and most profitable; watches and jewelry; wines and spirits; perfumes and cosmetics; selective retailing (including Sephora and airport duty-free retailer DFS); and other. Higher-profile brands include Louis Vuitton, Bulgari, Fendi, Givenchy, Tag Heuer, Hennessy, Moet & Chandon, Glenmorangie, Sephora, and Benefit. LVMH operates more than 5,000 stores around the globe.

Hermes is a 180-year-old family controlled luxury goods company best known for its Birkin and Kelly bags. Its biggest segments are leather goods and saddlery, accounting for over 40% of revenue; clothes and accessories (29% of sales); silk and textiles (7%); and other products such as perfumes, watches, jewellery, and home furnishings. Hermes has about 300 stores globally.

Inditex is a multibrand fashion conglomerate founded in 1985. Flagship brand Zara (including Zara Home) generates just over 70% of revenue and profits. Other brands include Pull&Bear, Massimo Dutti, Bershka, Stradivarius, and Oysho. The company operates through 5,500-plus stores globally, around 1,800 of them belonging to the Zara brand. Sixty-six percent of revenue is generated in its European home market.

Fast Retailing is Japan's largest apparel company. It operates casualwear retail chain Uniqlo, known for its high-quality functional apparel at reasonable prices. Fast Retailing is in charge of product design and sales and outsources almost all of its production to factories in places including China, Vietnam, Bangladesh, Indonesia, and India. It is ranked the second-largest apparel company by sales globally in 2024 per Euromonitor, thanks to the expansion of Uniqlo International. As of February 2025, it ran 3,616 stores globally. Other brands in its portfolio include GU and acquired brands like Theory, Comptoir des Cotonniers, and Princesse tam.tam. The Yanai family owned a 40.86% stake in the firm as of July 2025.

Christian Dior SE is a holding company with full ownership of Christian Dior Couture and a controlling interest in LVMH. Christian Dior Couture sells apparel, leather goods, jewelry, and accessories under various Dior brands. The majority of sales are through its retail stores. Through LVMH, the company operates the following business groups: wines and spirits, fashion and leather goods, watches and jewelry, perfumes and cosmetics, and selective retailing. LVMH has dozens of brands throughout its businesses, including Dom Perignon, Hennessy, Louis Vuitton, Fendi, TAG Heuer, and Sephora. The company's revenue is distributed throughout Europe, Asia, and the United States.

EssilorLuxottica is a combination of the leading manufacturer of premium frames and sunglasses and the leading manufacturer of optical lenses. Both companies are significantly larger than the next biggest competitor and command over 15% of the fragmented global eyewear market. The company has a broad geographical presence, with around 37% of sales in Europe, 45% in North America, and the rest in Asia and Latin America.

Nike is the largest athletic footwear and apparel brand in the world. Footwear generates about two-thirds of its sales. Key performance footwear categories include basketball, running, and football (soccer). Its brands include Nike, Jordan (premium athletic footwear and clothing), NikeSkims (women's athleisure), and Converse (casual footwear). Nike sells products worldwide through company-owned stores, franchised stores (including about 5,500 in China), and third-party retailers. The firm also operates e-commerce platforms in more than 40 countries. Nearly all its production is outsourced to contract manufacturers in more than 30 countries. Nike was founded in 1964 and is based in Beaverton, Oregon.

Target’s start dates back to 1962, but now it is one of the largest discount retailers in the United States (where it derives all of its sales), operating just under 2,000 stores and generating over $106 billion in fiscal 2024 sales. The company offers a broad assortment of merchandise across categories including apparel and accessories (16% of fiscal 2024 revenue), beauty and household essentials (30%), food and beverage (23%), hardlines (15%), as well as home furnishings (16%). Target’s model is anchored in its physical store base, which fulfills more than 97% of sales. Around 30% of sales are derived from its own private-label brands.

Wal - Mart de Mexico SAB de CV is the owner and operator of Wal-Mart branded self-service stores in Mexico and Central America. Wal-Mart de Mexico is a subsidiary of Wal-Mart Stores Incorporated, based in the United States. The company generates the majority of revenue in Mexico and a small proportion of revenue from the rest of Central America. The company operates discount stores, hypermarkets, supermarkets, wholesale stores, and pharmacies. The company also engages in the import and sale of goods, property development, and real estate management activities.

Titan Co Ltd is engaged in the manufacturing and sale of watches, jewellery, eyewear, and other accessories and products. Its operating segments are watches and wearables, jewellery, eyewear, and others. The firm generates a majority of its revenue from jewellery. The company sells its products under various brands such as Fastrack, Skinn, Sonata, Zoop, Nebula, Zoya, Skinn, Tanishq, and others.

Tesco is a large food retailer, operating thousands of stores in the United Kingdom, Ireland, and Central Europe. The majority of Tesco’s sales are from the UK, where the firm has over 24% market share, more than double the second-largest peer, Sainsbury’s, according to Euromonitor. Tesco also holds 30% e-grocery market share in the UK, holding a dominant position online. Tesco gained exposure to the cash-and-carry and out-of-home delivery industries with the GBP 4 billion acquisition of Booker in 2018.

Adidas designs, develops, produces, and markets athletic and leisure apparel, footwear, accessories, and sports equipment. Under its eponymous brand, it produces apparel for competitive athletics, casual activewear, and casual fashion. Adidas sells its products in more than 160 countries through about 1,900 owned retail stores, 15,000 Adidas-branded franchise stores (including about 7,500 in China), 150,000 wholesale doors, and an owned e-commerce site that is available in 67 countries. The company was founded in 1949 in Germany.

Dollarama is Canada’s largest dollar store chain that sells a broad range of everyday consumables and household items at low fixed price points, currently capped at CAD 5. General merchandise and consumables make up 90% of total sales, and the rest is from festivity-related seasonal items. The retailer operates more than 1,600 stores across Canada, mostly in convenient locations in metropolitan areas, midsize cities, and small towns. It also holds a 60% stake in South American value retailer Dollarcity, which operates more than 600 stores across Colombia, Guatemala, El Salvador, Peru, and Mexico. In 2025, the firm closed its CAD 234 million acquisition of Australian retail chain The Reject Shop, which operates 395 stores.

Kering is the world’s third-largest luxury goods conglomerate by revenue after LVMH and Richemont. Its flagship brand is Gucci, which accounts for over 40% of revenue and over 60% of operating profit. Its other leading brands include Bottega Veneta and Saint Laurent. Other smaller luxury brands (in ready-to-wear, leather goods, and jewellery) generate 19% of sales. Alexander McQueen, Balenciaga, and Boucheron are part of Kering’s portfolio.

Woolworths is Australia's largest retailer. Operations include supermarkets in Australia and New Zealand, and discount department and pet stores. Woolworths also supplies businesses, like restaurants and cafes, following the acquisition of PFD Food Services. The Australian food division with its supermarkets constitutes the majority of group EBIT, followed by New Zealand supermarkets and PFD, while Big W is a minor contributor.

Based in New York City, Tapestry is the parent company of accessories and fashion brand Coach, which accounted for 80% of its revenue and well over 90% of its operating profit in fiscal 2025. Handbags accounted for 58% of the brand’s fiscal 2025 revenue. Coach products are sold through more than 900 company-owned stores, e-commerce, and third-party stores in North America, Asia, and Europe. Tapestry also owns Kate Spade (17% of fiscal 2025 revenue), which operates about 170 stores and generated 52% of its sales from handbags in fiscal 2025. Kate Spade is known for its colorful patterns and graphics. Tapestry sold its smallest brand, luxury footwear maker Stuart Weitzman, to Caleres in August 2025.

Since its beginning in 1939, Dollar General has grown to become the largest dollar store operator in the United States, with more than 20,000 small-box discount stores across 48 states. The firm generated $40 billion in fiscal 2024 sales. The retailer maintains a heavy concentration of stores in rural and low-income markets underserved by big-box retailers. It’s 11,000 stock-keeping units, including 2,000 priced at $1 or less, span consumables (82% of sales), seasonal items (10%), home products (5%), and apparel (3%). More than 20% of sales are derived from private label.

Hennes & Mauritz is a global multibrand fashion conglomerate that was founded in 1947. Its flagship H&M brand accounts for most of the revenue, but the newer brands (COS, &Other Stories, Monki, Weekday, and Arket) are growing a bit faster. H&M commands low-single-digit market share in a fragmented global apparel market. Around 66% of revenue is generated in Europe and Africa, 12% in Asia and Oceania, and 22% in North and South America. The company operates around 4,200 stores globally, of which the bulk are H&M brand stores.

Avenue Supermarts Ltd is an India-based company engaged in the business of organized retail and operates supermarkets under the brand name of D-Mart. It provides products under the categories of Foods, Non-Foods (FMCG) and General Merchandise and Apparel. Foods category includes products such as dairy, staples, groceries, snacks, frozen products, processed foods, beverages and confectionary and fruits and vegetables. Non-Foods (FMCG) comprises home care products, personal care products, toiletries and other over-the-counter products. General Merchandise and Apparel include bed and bath, toys and games, crockery, plastic goods, garments, footwear, utensils and home appliances. The business operations of the company are principally carried out in India.

Anta Sports is a leading Chinese sportswear company. The company designs, manufactures, and markets sportswear, footwear, and accessories, spanning from value-driven offerings to premium segments. Beyond their core Anta brand, the business operate a multi-brand portfolio including Fila (China), Descente (China), Kolon (China), and holds a major stake in Amer Sports, parent company to globally recognized brands like Salomon, Arc'teryx, and Wilson. This diverse portfolio allows Anta to cater to a broad spectrum of consumers, from professional athletes to athleisure enthusiasts.

Founded in 1986, Dollar Tree operates almost 9,000 small-box discount stores across the United States and Canada, offering roughly 85% of its merchandise under $2. The chain targets value-conscious suburban and urban shoppers with a mix of consumables (49% of sales), variety (45%), and seasonal goods (6%). In fiscal 2024, Dollar Tree generated over $17 billion in sales, through its multi-price strategy, higher-margin discretionary assortments, and private-label products that account for nearly one-third of sales.

AEON Co Ltd is a holding company engaged in comprehensive finance, development, and services with a focus on retail businesses. The Comprehensive Finance segment covers credit cards, banking, insurance, and related services. The Developer segment handles shopping center development, leasing, facility management, amusement, and restaurants. The Discount Store (DS) segment operates discount stores, while the General Supermarket (GMS) segment includes supermarkets and bento delicatessen specialty stores. The Health & Wellness segment runs drugstores and pharmacies. The International segment focuses on retail in ASEAN and China. Services/Specialty Store includes casual fashion, footwear, and variety goods. Supermarket (SM) operates supermarkets, convenience stores, and small outlets.

Next PLC operates as a retailer, specializing in the sale of clothing, footwear, accessories, and home products. A portion of the company's product offerings comprises items bearing the Next brand. Additionally, the majority of the company's remaining sales occur through retail stores located outside the United Kingdom, which it franchises. The company's segments encompass NEXT Online, NEXT Finance, NEXT Retail, and Other Business Activities. A substantial portion of the company's revenue is derived from customers within the United Kingdom; however, its presence extends to regions such as the Rest of Europe, the Middle East, Asia, and the Rest of the World.

Founded by designer Ralph Lauren (current executive chairman and chief creative officer) in 1967 in New York City, Ralph Lauren Corp. designs, markets, and distributes lifestyle merchandise in North America, Europe, and Asia. Best known for its iconic polo shirts, its products also include other types of apparel, footwear, eyewear, jewelry, handbags, home goods, and fragrances. The company's brands include Ralph Lauren Collection, Polo Ralph Lauren, and Lauren Ralph Lauren. Distribution channels for Ralph Lauren include wholesale (department stores and specialty stores), retail (company-owned retail stores and e-commerce), and licensing.

Coles is one of Australia's largest retailers, operating the second-largest supermarket chain behind market leader Woolworths, and the country's second-largest liquor chain. The group has an extensive store network of over 1,800 stores and roughly 80% of Australians live within a 10-minute drive from a Coles store. The retailer employs some 120,000 people, who process some 20 million individual customer transactions a week. This compares with Woolworths processing about 30 million customer transactions per week from Australia's population of 27 million.

Founded in 1949 in Kobe, Japan, Asics is a leading sports footwear brand specializing in performance running shoes. Asics is well-known for its stability running shoe Gel-Kayano, which has been popular among runners for over 30 years thanks to its cushioning technology. It also owns Onitsuka Tiger, which is currently positioned as a premium sportswear lifestyle brand. In 2025, Asics had annual sales of over JPY 810 billion and command over 10% of the global performance running market share.

Associated British Foods is a diversified international food, ingredients, and retail group with 138,000 employees and operations in 56 countries across Europe, Africa, the Americas, Asia, and Australia. The group sells branded groceries, grows and processes sugar, supplies farmers with crop input and animal feed, and runs the multinational Primark clothing retail chain. It also supplies ingredients like bakers' yeast, enzymes, lipids, and cereal specialties. In fiscal 2025, approximately 36% of sales came from the UK, and Primark accounted for around 60% of operating profit.On Nov 4, 2025, ABF announced it has been conducting a strategic review to potentially separate the Primark and Food businesses. A final decision is expected within 12-18 months.

Unibail-Rodamco-Westfield owns a portfolio of quality malls, about two thirds in continental Europe. Since acquiring Westfield in 2018 URW also has about 10% in the UK and about a quarter in the USA, but it plans to drastically reduce exposure to the latter. More than 90% of rent comes from shopping centers, the remainder from offices, mostly Paris, as well as some offices attached to mixed-use assets around the world, and a similar amount from a conventions and exhibitions business in France.

Pan Pacific International Holdings is a leading operator of discount stores and general merchandise stores primarily in Japan, operating 655 stores as of mid-2025 nationally. It offers a wide range of products from packaged food, cosmetics, and household products to consumer electronics. The primary store formats include the Don Quijote discount stores, Mega Donki format, and general merchandise stores operated under FamilyMart UNY. Overseas operations concentrate on North America and Southeast Asia. The group has acquired small supermarket chains in Hawaii and California in the US and also accelerated store expansion across Singapore and Hong Kong.

Moncler consists of its namesake brand and Stone Island (bought in 2021). The Moncler brand is one of the leading players in luxury outerwear. It is globally present with 35% of sales generated in Europe, the Middle East, and Africa, 15% in the Americas, and 50% in Asia and rest of the world. Most of Moncler brand sales are direct to consumer, with 86% generated through the own-retail channel. Around 75%-80% of revenue is generated in the core outerwear segment, with the remainder in the accessory, knitwear, and footwear categories. Stone Island contributed 13% of revenue in 2024.

Falabella SA is involved in offering products and services in five business divisions: department stores, home improvement, supermarkets, financial services, and real estate. All business segments operate in South American countries. The largest division by revenue, financial services offers access to credit by combining traditional financial business with proximity to customers through retail formats. Home improvement has a diverse customer base: from individuals to construction-sector players and corporates. This segment's main categories are construction materials, home improvement products, home accessories and furniture. The department stores segment offers various brands such as private brands, second generation, exclusive brands, and international brands.

Trent Ltd through its subsidiaries, operates a chain of retail stores. The company offers various brands across women's wear, men's wear, kids' wear, footwear, lingerie, cosmetics, perfumes, handbags, and accessories. It also offers foods, beverages, health and beauty products, vegetables, fruits, dairy products, and others. The company offers these products by operating a portfolio of retail concepts like Westside, Zudio, Samoh, Utsa, Misbu, and others. The company is in the business of retailing/trading predominantly in India.

Founded in 1973, California-based Deckers designs and sells casual and performance footwear, apparel, and accessories. In fiscal 2025, Ugg and Hoka accounted for 51% and 45% of total sales, respectively. The firm also markets a niche sandal brand called Teva. Deckers produces most of its sales through wholesale partnerships but also operates e-commerce in more than 50 countries and has more than 200 company-operated stores. It generated 64% of its fiscal 2025 sales in the United States.

Ryohin Keikaku Co Ltd operates as a retailer of household and consumer products under the MUJI and IDEE brands. The company conducts its business through four segments: Domestic Business, East Asia Business, Southeast Asia and Oceania Business, and Europe and America Business. The Domestic Business covers product sales in stores and online in Japan, along with procurement and logistics, while the overseas segments engage in product and food-related operations across their respective regions.

Prada is a family owned holding comprising the Prada brand, a younger and more fashion-oriented Miu Miu, and two classic shoe brands: Church’s and Car Shoe. The company generates EUR 5.4 billion in sales, with over 70% from the Prada brand. Geographically, Asia is the biggest region with 33% of retail sales, followed by Europe at 32%, 17% in the Americas, and 13% in Japan. In 2025, the Prada group acquired the Versace brand, which should contribute 13% of revenue on a pro forma basis.

Founded in 1959, Carrefour is a multiformat retailer with operations in over 40 countries. Approximately 75% of sales stem from Europe and the rest from Latin America. In France, where Carrefour generates nearly 50% of its total revenue, the firm has a grocery market share of 22%, behind market leader E.Leclerc (24%), according to Kantar. Carrefour operates over 15,000 stores in hypermarket, supermarket, convenience store, and discount store formats. In 2024, Carrefour completed the acquisition of the Cora and Match banners from Louis Delhaize group for an enterprise value of EUR 1.05 billion.

Swatch Group’s biggest brands are Omega (number two or three in its category), Breguet, Tissot (the leader in midrange Swiss watches), and Swatch. The company employs over 33,000 people, half of them in Switzerland. We estimate Omega and Longines to be the group’s most profitable brands.

Lululemon Athletica designs, distributes, and markets athletic apparel, footwear, and accessories for women, men, and girls. The company offers pants, shorts, tops, and jackets for both leisure and athletic activities such as yoga and running. Lululemon also sells fitness accessories, such as bags, yoga mats, and equipment. It sells its products through digital channels, a small number of wholesale partners, more than 800 company-owned stores in about two dozen countries in North America, Asia, and Western Europe, and about more than 40 franchised locations in the Middle East and Europe. The company was founded in 1998 and is based in Vancouver, Canada.

Founded in Switzerland in 2010, sportswear firm On Holding AG generates about 93% of its sales from athletic shoes. The brand is best known for its running shoes and its distinctive CloudTec soles. On also produces athletic apparel (6% of sales) and accessories (1%). The firm’s merchandise is available in more than 80 countries and is sold through both wholesale (58% of sales) and company-owned channels (42%). In 2025, On generated about 57% of its sales in North America, 26% in Europe, the Middle East, and Africa, and 17% in the Asia-Pacific region.

SM Investments Corp is a Philippines conglomerate with operations in retail, banking, property, and Portfolio investments. The retail division operates department stores and food retail stores. The property division is mainly present in Southeast Asia and is focused on malls, residences, office buildings, resorts, hotels, and convention centers. SM Banking provides financial services through BDO Unibank and China Banking Corporation. China Banking Corporation is servicing emerging companies and small- and medium-scale enterprises. BDO has diverse operations from credit cards, insurance, and leasing to investment banking, and asset management. The majority of its revenue comes from the retail segment that engages in the trading of merchandise such as dry goods, wearing apparel, and others.

Aritzia Inc is an integrated design house of exclusive fashion brands. It designs apparel and accessories for its collection of exclusive brands and sells them under the Aritzia banner. The category of products offered by the firm is blouses, T-shirts, pants, dresses, sweaters, jackets and coats, skirts, shorts, jumpsuits, and accessories. The company reports as a single segment and includes all sales channels accessed by the company’s clients, including sales through the company’s eCommerce website and sales at the company’s boutiques. Its geographical segments include Canada and the United States. The company generates the majority of its revenue from Retail, followed by e-commerce.

Five Below Inc is a specialty value retailer offering merchandise targeted at the tween and teen demographic. The Company’s edited assortment of products includes select brands and licensed merchandise. It derives revenue from sales of the Company’s merchandise to customers.

Marks & Spencer is a British multichannel retailer with stores across Europe, Asia, and the Middle East. The majority of revenue stems from the firm’s UK operations, selling predominantly its own-brand food, clothing, and home merchandise. The food segment includes value products (dairy, poultry, meat, fresh produce), ready-made meals, and healthy items. The clothing and home division sells womenswear, lingerie, menswear, kidswear, beauty, and home products. The remaining revenue comes from international sales, where M&S sells through a mix of its own stores, franchises, and online channels.In 2020, the firm entered into a joint venture, purchasing 50% of grocery e-commerce business Ocado Retail. Ocado is the exclusive online distributor of M&S food within the UK.

Gildan is a vertically integrated designer and manufacturer of basic apparel, including T-shirts, underwear, socks, and hosiery. Its primary market is the sale of blank T-shirts, sweatshirts, and other apparel to wholesalers, major clothing brands, and printers (printwear). Gildan also sells branded clothing through retail and direct-to-consumer channels. Brands include Gildan, American Apparel, Comfort Colors, and Goldtoe. Gildan produces most of its clothing at factories in Latin America but has been ramping up production at its new facility in Bangladesh. Incorporated in 1984, the Montreal-based company operates internationally but generates nearly 90% of its sales in the US. Gildan is acquiring its US rival Hanesbrands to bolster its consumer and printwear operations.

LPP SA makes and sells clothing, footwear, bags, and accessories in Central and Eastern Europe. LPP has nearly 1,500 company-branded retail stores, which serve as the company’s primary sales channel. Brands include Reserved, Cropp, House, Mohito, and Sinsay. Reserved stores account for roughly half of the company’s sales volume. Geographically, most sales are in Poland, and Poland and Russia account for more than 80% of total sales. LPP purchases most of its materials in Asia, and the company’s manufacturers are primarily located in China.

Levi Strauss & Co is involved in designing, marketing, and selling products that include jeans, casual and dresses pants, tops, shorts, skirts, jackets, footwear, and related accessories directly or through third parties and licensees for men, women, and children under Levi's, Dockers, Signature by Levi Strauss & Co. and Denizen brands. The company manages its business according to three regional segments: the Americas, which is the key revenue driver; Europe; and Asia.