Tracxn Valuation Multiples

S&P Global provides data and benchmarks to capital and commodity market participants. Its ratings business is the largest credit rating agency in the world and S&P's largest segment by profitability. S&P's largest segment by revenue is market intelligence, which provides desktop, data and advisory solutions, enterprise solutions, and credit/risk solutions mostly in the financial-services industry. S&P's other segments include energy (formerly commodity insights, this segment includes Platts and other data), mobility (Carfax), and indexes. S&P plans to spin off mobility in 2026.

Intercontinental Exchange is a vertically integrated operator of financial exchanges and provides ancillary data products. Though the company is probably best known for its ownership of the New York Stock Exchange, which it acquired in 2013, ICE operates a large derivatives exchange, too. The company's largest commodity futures product is the ICE Brent crude futures contract. In addition to the exchanges business, which is about 54% of net revenue, Intercontinental Exchange has used a series of acquisitions to create its mortgage technology business (22% of net revenue) and fixed-income and data-services segment (24% of net revenue).

Moody’s, along with S&P Ratings, is a leading provider of credit ratings on fixed-income securities. The ratings segment, Moody’s Investors Service, includes corporates, structured finance, financial institutions, and public finance ratings. MIS represents a majority of the firm’s profit and often (depending on bond issuance levels) a majority of the firm's revenue. The other segment, Moody’s Analytics, consists of decision solutions, research and insights, and data and information.

London Stock Exchange Group is a fully integrated financial exchange company covering the financial market value chain from primary and secondary markets across multiple asset classes over data, index, and analytics down to clearing and post-trading reporting. With the acquisition of Refinitiv, LSEG generates about two thirds of its revenue from data and analytics including its FTSE Russell and WM/Refinitiv benchmarks as well as data feeds and terminals. The group is also a majority shareholder in Tradeweb, one of the dominant global fixed-income trading venues, as well as LCH, the largest clearinghouse for over-the-counter swaps globally.

Founded in 1971, Nasdaq is primarily known for its equity exchange, but in addition to its trading business (about 22.5% of sales), the company sells market and financial data to investors, offers Nasdaq-branded indexes, and lists companies through its capital access segment (42.5%). Nasdaq's newest segment, financial technology, was primarily constructed through the acquisitions of Verafin and Adenza and has expanded the company into capital management, financial crime, and regulatory compliance software (35%) as it seeks to become a diversified technology company.

East Money Information Co Ltd is engaged in securities business, financial e-commerce service business, financial data service business, and Internet advertising service business. It mainly provides paid financial data services, financial e-commerce services, and Internet advertisement services through its Website, eastmoney.com. It generates majority of ots revenue from the securities business.

MSCI has described its mission as enabling investors to build better portfolios for a better world. MSCI's largest and most profitable segment is its index segment, where it provides benchmarking to asset managers and asset owners. MSCI boasts over $18 trillion in benchmarked assets, including over $2.3 trillion in ETF assets linked to MSCI indexes. The MSCI analytics segment provides portfolio management and risk management analytics software to asset managers and asset owners. In its sustainability and climate segment, MSCI provides ESG data to the investment industry. In private assets, MSCI provides real restate reporting, market data, benchmarking, and analytics to investors and real estate managers.

Constellation Software is an acquirer, manager, and developer of vertical market software, or VMS, businesses globally. VMS differentiates from horizontal software in that it provides mission critical solutions within a specific industry for customers in a particular market. Constellation operates through a decentralized model in which each business operates as its own independent entity. Managers of individual businesses are incentivized to optimize their business for returns on invested capital and revenue growth. Excess cash generated by the individual businesses is repatriated to portfolio managers who focus on allocating as much capital as possible on new acquisitions. As of 2025, Constellation consisted of over 1,000 individual businesses and 64,000 employees.

Thomson Reuters is a leading global provider of business information services, delivering trusted data, technology, and expertise to professionals across legal, tax, accounting, risk, compliance, and the news and media sectors. Headquartered in Toronto, Canada, the company combines deep domain knowledge with data and software solutions to help clients make informed decisions, manage complexity, and drive efficiency. Thomson Reuters serves legal and accounting/tax professionals, corporations, and governments worldwide, but around 75% of revenue is generated in the US. The company is known for flagship products such as Westlaw, UltraTax CS, and Reuters News.

Experian is one of the leading credit bureaus in North America and the United Kingdom, providing the consumer information that is the basis for making lending decisions. The company also provides decision analytics, marketing data, and direct-to-consumer credit products and services. Roughly one quarter of the company's revenue is generated outside of North America and the United Kingdom, primarily in Latin America and Asia.

Fiserv is a leading provider of core processing and complementary services, such as electronic funds transfer, payment processing, and loan processing, for US banks and credit unions, with a focus on small and midsize banks. Following its 2019 merger with First Data, Fiserv also provides payment processing services to merchants. About 10% of the company’s revenue is generated internationally.

Founded in 1956, Fair Isaac Corporation is a leading applied analytics company. Fair Isaac is primarily known for its FICO credit scores, which is a widely used industry benchmark to determine the creditworthiness of an individual consumer. The firm’s US-centric credit scores business accounts for most of the firm’s revenue and profits and consists of business-to-business and business-to-consumer services. In addition to scores, Fair Isaac also sells software primarily to financial institutions for areas such as analytics, decision-making, customer workflows, and fraud.

Hithink RoyalFlush Information Network Co Ltd is engaged in providing Internet financial information services and online financial software. The company's business includes an online market trading system, mobile financial information service, fund sales, financial big data processing, and cloud services. It serves individuals, brokers, funds, private placements, banks, insurance, government, and research Institutional clients.

Founded in 1998 and headquartered in New York City, Tradeweb Markets is a leading fixed-income trading platform. While it does offer electronic processing for some voice-negotiated trades, the company focuses primarily on providing electronic trading networks that connect broker/dealers, institutional clients, and retail customers. While the company offers trading in a wide variety of products, the bulk of its business is in US and European government debt, mortgage-backed securities, interest-rate swaps, and US and international corporate bonds. The firm also sells fixed-income trading and price data, primarily through a deal with Refinitiv’s Eikon service.

Fidelity National Information Services provides core processing and ancillary services to banks, but its business has expanded over time. By acquiring SunGard in 2015, the company now provides record-keeping and other services to investment firms. With the acquisition of Worldpay in 2019, FIS was providing payment processing services for merchants and holding leading positions in the United States and United Kingdom. But the company sold off a majority interest in Worldpay and now has only a minority stake.

Verisk is a leading data, analytics, and technology provider for property-casualty insurers. Verisk traces its history to Insurance Services Office, a nonprofit advisory organization founded in 1971 by US P&C insurers. ISO was formed as an association of insurance companies to assist with a variety of insurance use cases, such as reporting to regulators, defining policies, and determining independent premium rates. As the firm expanded its use cases, it became a for-profit company, renamed Verisk, and went public in 2009. Verisk’s single segment (insurance) provides underwriting solutions, including forms, rules, loss costs, and catastrophe modeling. For claims, Verisk’s solutions include property repair estimates and antifraud tools. About 83% of Verisk’s revenue is US-based.

Along with Experian and TransUnion, Equifax is one of the leading credit bureaus in the United States. Equifax’s credit reports provide credit histories on millions of consumers, and the firm's services are critical to lenders’ credit decisions. In addition, about 40% of the firm’s revenue comes from workforce solutions, which provides income verification and employer human resources services. Equifax generates about 25% of its revenue from outside the United States.

Broadridge Financial Solutions, which was spun off from Automatic Data Processing in 2007, is a leading provider of investor communication and technology-driven solutions to banks, broker/dealers, traditional and alternative-asset managers, wealth managers, and corporate issuers. Broadridge is composed of two operating segments: investor communication solutions and global technology and operations.

Wolters Kluwer is a global provider of professional information, software solutions, and services in health; tax and accounting; environmental, social, and governance; finance; compliance; and legal. More than 60% of revenue is generated in North America and around 30% is from Europe.

SS&C Technologies provides software products and software-enabled services to a variety of customers primarily in financial services. Acquisitions are a large part of SS&C's history. SS&C GlobeOp provides fund administration services to alternative and traditional asset managers. In addition, SS&C provides portfolio accounting, portfolio management, trading, banking/lending, and other software to asset managers, banks, and financial advisors. SS&C’s purchase of Intralinks makes it a leading player in virtual deal room solutions. With its 2018 purchase of DST Systems, SS&C gained a foothold in the healthcare industry with pharmacy health management solutions and medical claim administration services. In 2022, SS&C acquired robotic process automation software firm Blue Prism.

Founded in Australia in 1978, Computershare has grown via acquisitions to become the world's leading provider of issuer services. Employee share plans and communications services are commonly sold together with issuer services to corporations. The company also has a business services offering and a corporate trust business, alongside a small mortgage administration business that's due to be divested. Over the medium term, around half of group EBITDA is expected to be generated from interest income on client cash balances, or margin income, which is exposed to interest-rate movements.

TransUnion, along with Equifax and Experian, is one of the three leading credit bureaus in the United States, providing the consumer information that is the basis for granting credit. The company also provides fraud detection, marketing, and analytical services. TransUnion operates in over 30 countries. About 20%-25% of its revenue comes from international markets.

Guidewire Software provides cloud-based software solutions for property and casualty insurers. The flagship product, InsuranceSuite is a system of record and comprises ClaimCenter, a claims management system; PolicyCenter, a policy management system including policy definitions, quotas, issuance, maintenance, and renewal; and BillingCenter, for billing management, payment plans, and agent commissions. The company also offers InsuranceNow, a midmarket offering, as well as a variety of other add-on applications and services.

Beijing Compass Technology Development Co Ltd is the provider of professional financial data analysis and securities investment advisory services. The company is a securities analysis software developer and securities information service provider in China.

Oracle Financial Services Software Ltd is an India-based provider of software systems, computer systems, and consulting services. Its flagship Flexcube offerings include universal banking, investor servicing, private banking, lending and leasing, Islamic banking, Internet and mobile banking, remit, and collateral management capabilities. Its other offerings include analytical infrastructure applications, financial crime analysis, and compliance management applications. The firm also offers support and business process outsourcing services. The company has two reportable segments Product licenses and related activities ('Products') and IT solutions and consulting services ('Services'). Geographically the company generates the majority of its revenue from the Product segment.

FactSet provides financial data and portfolio analytics to the global investment community. The company aggregates data from third-party data suppliers, news sources, exchanges, brokerages, and contributors into its workstations. In addition, it provides essential portfolio analytics that companies use to monitor portfolios and address reporting requirements. Buy-side clients (including wealth and corporate clients) account for over 80% of FactSet's annual subscription value. In 2015, the company acquired Portware, a provider of trade execution software. In 2017, it acquired BISAM, a risk management and performance measurement provider. In 2022, it completed its purchase of CUSIP Global Services.

Clearwater Analytics describes its mission as aiming to be the world’s most trusted and comprehensive technology platform for the entire investment cycle. Clearwater has historically focused on back-office functions such as investment accounting, but with acquisitions such Enfusion, Beacon, and Bistro, the firm has broadened its focus with front-office and middle-office capabilities. Clearwater primarily serves insurance companies, asset managers, hedge funds, and corporate treasuries. Pro forma for Enfusion, about 76% of Clearwater’s revenue is generated in the US.

Hundsun Technologies Inc provides financial software and network services in China. It offers integrated solutions and services to institutions in the securities, futures, funds, trust, insurance, banking, exchange, and private placement sectors. Its main businesses include wealth technology services, asset management technology services, risk and platform technology services, data services business, innovation business, corporate finance and insurance core, and financial infrastructure technology services, as well as other businesses.

Morningstar Inc is a provider of independent investment insights to financial advisers, asset managers, and investors. It provides data and research insights on various investment offerings, including managed investment products, publicly listed companies, private capital markets, debt securities, and real-time market data. The company has five reportable segments: Morningstar Direct Platform, PitchBook, Morningstar Credit, Morningstar Wealth, and Morningstar Retirement. Maximum revenue is derived from the Morningstar Direct Platform, which provides investors with comprehensive data, research, insights, and investment analysis through product areas such as Morningstar Data, Morningstar Direct, and Morningstar Advisor Workstation. Geographically, it generates maximum revenue from the USA.

PT Sinar Mas Multiartha Tbk provides an integrated and comprehensive range of financial services in Indonesia. The company is engaged in insurance underwriting, consumer financing, factoring of accounts, securities administration, securities brokerage, investment management, banking, development, Information technology, trading, and other related services. It is also involved in the auction house, property, health clinic, and workshop activities.

Allfunds is a fund distribution platform connecting fund houses and distributors, creating a single access point for both sides to gain a wider reach with regard to assets under administration and fund variety, respectively. As of 2024, Allfunds had EUR 1.6 trillion in assets under administration stemming from about 860 distributors on its platform. In return, distributors gained access to about 156,000 funds from 3,300 different fund houses. Allfunds also provides ancillary services to both fund houses and distributors, covering the marketing, distribution, legal, regulatory, as well as data and analytics needs arising in the fund distribution space. Allfunds derives the majority of its revenue from Italy, Spain, and France.

Topicus com Inc is engaged in the development, installation, and customization of vertical market software and the provision of related professional services and support for customers across several diverse markets, mainly in Europe. Its revenue consists mainly of software license fees, maintenance and other recurring fees, professional service fees, and hardware sales. Geographically, the company generates maximum revenue from its business in the Netherlands, and the rest from other markets.

Temenos is a Swiss company that provides banking software to financial institutions around the world. Its main product is core banking software that helps banks manage accounts, customer information, transaction processing, loans, security, and financial reporting. Besides core banking software, Temenos offers products for digital banking, payments, wealth management, compliance, and analytics to help banks improve customer experience and meet regulatory requirements.

State Grid Yingda Co Ltd, formerly Shanghai Zhixin Electric Co Ltd specializes in the development, production and sale of amorphous alloy transformers in China.

ACI Worldwide Inc develops, markets and installs a portfolio of software products focused on facilitating electronic payments. The firm also leverages its distribution network in the Americas; Europe, the Middle East, and Africa, or EMEA; and Asia-Pacific regions to sell software developed by third parties. ACI software products process payment transactions for retail banking clients, billers such as utilities and healthcare providers, and community banks and credit unions. ACI's customers are financial institutions all over the world, but majority of the revenue is generated in the United States and EMEA regions.

Shenzhen Fortune Trend Technology Co Ltd is engaged in research and development of securities analysis systems and computer communication systems. It provides securities investment analysis system for securities institutions and investors under the brand Tongdaxin. Tongdaxin's well-known online trading products are: China Merchants Securities Zhiyuan One Account, Guoxin Securities Golden Sun Edition, CITIC Securities Zhixin All-rounder, GF Securities Financial Terminal, Galaxy Securities Neptune, Guotai Junan Securities Fuyi, among others.

Marex Group PLC offers a diversified financial services platform providing essential liquidity, market access, and infrastructure services to clients across energy, commodities, and financial markets. It provides critical services to the clients by connecting them to exchanges and providing various execution and hedging services across its assets and products. The group operates in a large and fragmented market with infrastructure requirements and regulatory and technological complexity. It has five segments Clearing, Agency and Execution, Market Making, Hedging and Investment Solutions, and The Corporate. The group generates revenue from Agency and Execution that matches buyers and sellers by facilitating price discovery across the energy and financial securities markets.

Formed by a combination of JCPenney’s credit card processing unit and The Limited’s credit card bank business, Bread Financial is a provider of private-label and co-branded credit cards, loyalty programs, and marketing services. The company’s most financially significant unit is its credit card business that partners with retailers to jointly market Bread’s credit cards to their customers. The company also retains a minority interest in spun-off LoyaltyOne, which operates the largest airline miles loyalty program in Canada and offers marketing services to grocery chains in Europe and Asia.

NCR Atleos Corp is financial technology company providing self-directed banking solutions to a customer base including financial institutions, merchants, manufacturers, retailers and consumers. Self-directed banking is a rapidly growing, secular trend that allows banking customers to transact seamlessly between various channels all for the same transaction. Their comprehensive solutions enable the acceleration of self-directed banking through ATM and interactive teller machine (ITM) technology, including software, services, hardware and its proprietary Allpoint network. Atleos manage its operations in the following segments which includes Self-Service Banking, Network, and Telecommunications abd Technology.

AJ Bell PLC is an investment platform in the United Kingdom. The Group has a single operating segment, being investment services in the advised and D2C space, administering investments in SIPPs, ISAs, and General Investment / Dealing Accounts. SIPPs and ISAs, Lifetime ISA, and junior products. The company generates revenue from recurring ad valorem, which includes custody fees, interest income, and investment management fees, and transactional. The company earns its revenue from its domicile country United Kingdom.

Servyou Software Group Co Ltd is a comprehensive service provider of fiscal and taxation information in China. It offers tax system development and operation and maintenance for tax authorities, and provides comprehensive Internet financial and taxation services for taxpayers and financial and tax intermediaries with the Yiqiying brand.

CorVel Corp applies technology including artificial intelligence, machine learning, and natural language processing to enhance the managing of episodes of care and the related health care costs. It partners with employers, third-party administrators, insurance companies, and government agencies in managing worker's compensation and health, auto, and liability services. The company's solutions combine integrated technologies with a human touch providing services that include claims management, bill review, preferred provider networks, utilization management, case management, pharmacy services, directed care, and medicare services.

CRISIL Ltd provides research and analytics solutions for clients of all sizes. It operates through segments of Ratings services, and Research, Analytics & Solutions. The Ratings services segment includes credit ratings for corporates, banks, bank loans, credit analysis services, grading services and global analytical services. The Research, Analytics and solutions segment which generates key revenue, includes global research and risk solutions, industry reports, customized research assignments, subscription to data services, independent equity research (IER), IPO gradings, training, credit ratings for small and medium enterprises, advisory services and a comprehensive range of risk management tools, analytics and solutions to financial institutions, banks and corporates in India.

TP ICAP GROUP PLC provides broking professional intermediary services to match buyers and sellers of different financial, energy, and commodities products. Its role includes creating liquidity and price discovery in markets and providing insight and context to the clients. The company provides proprietary over-the-counter ('OTC') pricing information in the world with the data on financial, energy, and commodities products. Its clients include banks, insurance companies, pension funds, asset managers, hedge funds, central banks, energy producers and refiners, risk and compliance managers, and charities. The company's segments include Global Broking which generates key revenue, Energy & Commodities, Liquidnet, Parameta Solutions, and Corporate.

Shanghai DZH Ltd operates as an Internet financial information service provider in China. It offers professional financial data and data analysis services. It also provides non-investment consulting and agency-specific software products. In addition, the company offers financial information integrated services internationally.

Q2 Holdings Inc provides digital solutions to financial institutions, financial technology companies, and alternative finance companies, seeking to incorporate banking into their customer engagement and servicing strategies. The company helps its clients with supervisory, consumer protection, privacy, third-party risk management requirements, and cyber threats and fraud, among other applications, by offering a portfolio of digital solutions, which comprises its digital banking offerings, digital lending and relationship pricing solutions, risk and fraud solutions, as well as Q2 Innovation Studio and Helix. Q2 derives the majority of its revenue from subscription fees for the use of its hosted solutions.

Tieto Oyj is a software and technology consulting company. The company provides software and digital engineering services to customers across multiple industries. Its operations include specialized software businesses such as Tieto Caretech, Tieto Banktech, and Tieto Indtech, as well as a technology consulting business. The company offers services in areas including software development, design, cloud, and artificial intelligence.

CCC Intelligent Solutions Holdings Inc is a provider of cloud, mobile, AI, telematics, hyperscale technologies, and applications for the property and casualty insurance economy. The company's SaaS platform connects trading partners, facilitates commerce, and supports mission-critical, AI-enabled digital workflows. It operates in a single segment being Domestic segment, which provides SAAS platform for the P&C insurance economy and derives revenues from providing customers with software subscriptions to the platform in addition to providing professional services and non-software services. The company has its presence in the United States and China. The majority of the revenue is generated from the United States.