Tokyo Century Valuation Multiples

Cintas has roots tracing back to 1929, during which the Farmer family cleaned and re-sold dirty rags to manufacturing plants in Ohio. The firm has grown its business organically and through acquisitions, and today Cintas acts as a one-stop outsourcing partner for businesses. Cintas will design, manufacture, collect, and clean every employee uniform for a small weekly sum, taking on the upfront capital expense itself. In the same stop, Cintas can also replace soiled or depleted mats, mops, trash liners, towels, first aid, fire, and cleaning products. Businesses value an outsourcing partner like Cintas as it simplifies operations and leaves noncore tasks with high regulatory standards in the hands of professionals.

United Rentals is the world’s largest equipment rental company, principally operating in the US and Canada. It has 16% share in a highly fragmented market serving general industrial (49%), commercial construction (46%), and residential construction (5%). The company operates a $21 billion fleet of equipment, including aerial platforms, forklifts, excavators, trucks, power generators, and various other materials serving local and national accounts from nearly 1,600 locations in North America and 100 abroad. It has pursued a strategy of bundling specialty rental capabilities to offer its customers more advanced solutions in addition to its core equipment rental business, supporting its ambitions to become a one-stop shop for customers and enhance and maintain its margin profile.

Ashtead Group is a UK-based equipment rental company founded in 1984 and conducting its activities primarily in the US under the brand Sunbelt Rentals (11% market share), with a smaller presence in Canada and the UK. Sunbelt operates a rental fleet of just over $15 billion across a network of 1,200 stores in the US, nearly CAD 2 billion of fleet and 135 stores in Canada, and GBP 1.1 billion and 190 stores in the UK. The company has experienced rapid growth over the past decade as its customers increasingly turn to rental versus owning equipment outright. The general tool business has been augmented by the Specialty Rental business, which has grown to 30% of the mix. Revenue is now greater than 50% nonconstruction, with the remainder focused more directly on commercial construction.

FTAI Aviation Ltd is an aerospace company. It owns and maintains commercial jet engines with a focus on CFM56 engines. FTAI owns and leases jet aircraft, which often facilitates the acquisition of engines at attractive prices. It invests in aviation assets and aerospace products that generate stable cash flows with the potential for earnings growth and asset appreciation.

AerCap Holdings NV is an aircraft leasing company. Its activities include leasing, financing, sales, and management of commercial aircraft and engines. It also provides aircraft asset management and corporate services to securitization vehicles, joint ventures, and other third parties. It has one business segment: leasing, financing, sales, and management of commercial flight equipment (Commercial Flight Equipment Segment). Through its subsidiary, the group also provides engine leasing, certified aircraft engines, airframes, and engine parts. Its geographical segments include China, the United States, and Other countries.

Ayvens SA, formerly known as Ayvens, is a full-service leasing and fleet management group. It offers a diverse range of passenger cars, light commercial vehicles, and options for electric vehicles. The group also provides insurance services. It provides clients with motor third-party liability, material damage insurance, as well as theft and passenger insurance. The company's segmentation comprises 4 regions: Region 1, Region 2, Region 3, and Region 4. The company derives key revenue from Region 2 and Region 3. The company generates revenue from leasing, servicing, and proceeds of car sales, with the majority of revenue deriving from leasing activity.

Ryder System Inc operates in three business segments: (1) Fleet Management Solutions which provides full-service leasing and leasing with flexible maintenance options, commercial rental and maintenance services of trucks, tractors and trailers to customers; (2) Supply Chain Solutions (SCS), which provides integrated logistics solutions, including distribution management, dedicated transportation, transportation management, brokerage, e-commerce, last mile, and professional services; and (3) Dedicated Transportation Solutions (DTS), which provides turnkey transportation solutions in the U.S., including dedicated vehicles, professional drivers, management, and administrative support.

U-Haul Holding Co is an American moving truck, trailer, and self-storage rental company. The company also provides moving boxes, packing supplies, LPG (propane) refills, trailer hitch and wiring installation, storage container rentals, and other services. It has three reportable segments Moving and Storage, Property and Casualty Insurance, and Life Insurance. The majority of its revenue comes from the Moving and Storage segment.

Localiza Rent A Car SA is a car rental service provider with the majority of its operations in Brazil. Through its subsidiaries, the company rents cars to individuals, manages corporate car fleets, sells its fleet to the general public, and offers a franchise model. Franchisees account for roughly half of Localize's car rental locations, while the majority of cars accessible with Localize are owned by the company. The fleet rental division has long-term agreements with companies that come up for renewal roughly every two to three years. The car rental segment delivers three-quarters of yearly revenue, and fleet rental makes up the rest, with an insignificant share contributed by the franchise management division.

Hotai Motor Co Ltd is engaged in assembling, trading, and importing vehicles, automobile air conditioners, and their parts. The segments of the company include the Distributor of Toyota and Hino products segments, Installment trading, Leasing, Property insurance, overseas sales agent, and other segments. It has operations across both Taiwan and mainland China, with the vast majority of revenue derived domestically.

Element Fleet Management Corp is a fleet management company, providing services and financing for commercial vehicle and equipment fleets. Their services include vehicle acquisition, maintenance, route optimization, risk management, and remarketing, as well as advising on decarbonization efforts, integration of electric vehicles, and managing the complexity of gradual fleet electrification.

Air Lease Corp is an aircraft leasing company based in the United States. It is engaged in the modern, fuel-efficient new technology commercial jet aircraft directly from aircraft manufacturers and leasing those aircraft to airlines throughout the world to generate attractive returns on equity. The company also sells aircraft from its fleet to third parties, including other leasing companies, financial services companies, airlines, and other investors, and offers fleet management services to investors and owners of aircraft portfolios for a management fee. Geographically, it derives a maximum of its revenue from the Europe and the rest from Asia Pacific, Middle East and Africa, Central America, South America, Mexico, the United States, and Canada.

BOC Aviation Ltd is an aircraft leasing company by net book value of owned aircraft, with a portfolio of more than 600 commercial passenger and cargo aircraft. The company was founded in 1993 in Singapore as a joint venture between Singapore Airlines and U.S - based Boullioun Aviation Services. In 2006, the company was acquired by the Bank of China and took on its current name. Listed on the Stock Exchange of Hong Kong in 2016, BOC Aviation remains headquartered in Singapore but has operations in Dublin, London, New York, and Tianjin. Bank of China remains its shareholder with a 70% stake. BOC Aviation has an international management team, with key leaders having more than 30 years of experience in the aircraft and leasing business.

Avis Budget Group Inc is a provider of mobility solutions through its three brands Avis, Budget and Zipcar, as well as several other brands, well recognized in their respective markets. Its brands offer a range of options, from car and truck rental to car sharing. The company operates in two reportable business segments: Americas - (i) vehicle rental operations in North America, South America, Central America and the Caribbean, (ii) car sharing operations in certain of these markets, and (iii) licensees in the areas in which do not operate directly. International - consisting of (i) vehicle rental operations in Europe, the Middle East, Africa, Asia and Australasia, (ii) car sharing operations in certain of these markets, and (iii) licensees in the areas in which do not operate directly.

GATX Corp leases transportation assets, including railcars, aircraft spare engines, and tank containers, to customers in North America, Europe, and India. The company's reportable business segments are: Rail North America, Rail International, Engine Leasing, and Other. The majority of its revenue is generated from the Rail North America segment, which is composed of the company's operations in the United States, Canada, and Mexico. This segment mainly provides railcars pursuant to full-service leases under which it maintains the railcars, pays ad valorem taxes and insurance, and provides other ancillary services.

Rush Enterprises Inc is a full-service, integrated retailer of commercial vehicles and related services. The company operates in a single segment; Truck Segment includes the operation of a network of commercial vehicle dealerships under the name Rush Truck Centers. It sells commercial vehicles manufactured by Peterbilt, International, Hino, Ford, Isuzu, IC Bus, and Blue Bird and also provides one-stop service for the needs of commercial vehicle customers, including retail sales of new and used commercial vehicles, aftermarket parts sales, service and repair facilities, financing, leasing and rental, and insurance products. The company's business is concentrated in the United States and Ontario, Canada commercial vehicle markets and related aftermarkets.

Far East Horizon Ltd is a specialty finance provider. Its service offerings include financial leasing and advisory, hospital investment and operation, equipment operation services, trading, and brokerage services as well as engineering management services, etc. The company operates in two segments; Financial, lease and advisory, and Industrial operation and management. A majority of its revenue is generated from the Financial, lease and advisory segment, which is engaged in providing direct finance leasing, sale-leaseback, factoring, entrusted loans, operating leases and sale of related equipment and materials, advisory services, and construction services. Geographically, the company derives maximum revenue from Mainland China, followed by Hong Kong and other locations.

Herc Holdings is an equipment rental company that was spun out of Hertz Global in 2016. It is currently the third-largest player in North America, after United Rentals and Sunbelt Rentals, with an approximate 6% market share pro forma for its 2025 acquisition of H&E Equipment Services. It serves a similar mix of companies to its peers (industrial, commercial, and residential construction) from its 450 locations targeting the top 100 metropolitan markets in the US. Herc’s rental fleet of approximately $7 billion is also similar in composition to its peer group in terms of equipment offered. The company is also pursuing diversification by bundling and increasing specialty solutions for its customer base. Herc’s portfolio skews toward local customers versus national accounts (60%/40%).

Sixt SE provides automotive rental services mainly across Europe and the U.S. The company offers rental solutions from passenger vehicles, including sports utilities vehicles, electric vehicles, and luxury sports cars to vans and trucks. With its products SIXT rent, SIXT share, SIXT ride, and others, the company offers mobility services in the areas of car rental, car sharing, ride services, and car subscriptions. These products can be booked via a single app that also integrates the services of mobility partners.

Bohai Leasing Co Ltd is engaged in the container leasing, infrastructure and real estate leasing, aircraft leasing, ship leasing, offshore equipment, high-end equipment rental, and new energy vehicles in China. It owns domestic and overseas leasing companies. It is involved in transportation finance services, innovating financial products and services, and promoting the development of transportation, aviation, shipping, and ground transportation industries.

McGrath RentCorp is a rental company. It is comprised of four reportable business segments namely Modular building segment (Mobile Modular); Portable storage container segment (Portable Storage); Electronic test equipment segment (TRS-RenTelco); and its classroom manufacturing business selling modular buildings used as classrooms in California (Enviroplex). The company generates its revenues majorily from the rental of its equipment on operating leases with sales of equipment occurring in the normal course of business.

China Development Bank Financial Leasing Co Ltd is engaged in providing leasing services to customers in industries such as aviation, infrastructure, shipping, commercial vehicles, and construction machinery. The operating business segments are aircraft leasing, regional development leasing, ship leasing, inclusive finance, and green energy and high-end equipment leasing. The activities of the company include aircraft leasing, ship leasing, regional development leasing, inclusive finance leasing, green energy and high-end equipment leasing, transfers of finance lease assets, and lease-related financial business. The company's majority revenue is from Aircraft Leasing.

Fuyo General Lease Co Ltd is engaged in leasing, installment sales, and financial services businesses. The group operates through three reportable segments: Leasing and Installment Sales, Finance, and Other. The Leasing and Installment Sales segment involves information-related equipment, office and industrial machinery, real estate leasing, and installment sales of commercial and medical equipment. The Finance segment provides money lending, securities management, and anonymous partnership formation services, while the Other segment covers environmental energy-related services, commissions, BPO, and mobility business services. It generates the majority of its revenue from the Leasing and Installment segment.

Custom Truck One Source Inc is a one-stop-shop provider of specialty equipment in the electric utility transmission and distribution, forestry, telecom, waste management, rail, and infrastructure end-markets in North America. The company's segment includes Equipment Rental Solutions (ERS), Truck and Equipment Sales (TES), and Aftermarket Parts and Services (APS). It generates maximum revenue from the TES segment. Geographically, it derives a majority revenue from the United States.

QNB Finansal Kiralama AS formerly QNB Finans Finansal Kiralama AS is a Turkey-based company involved in providing leasing services to Wind Turbines & Solar Power Plants, Heavy Machinery, Automobiles, Medical Equipment, Agricultural Equipment, and Printing Equipment among others.

Region Group specializes in leasing out convenience-focused properties that offer everyday goods and services. More than half of the rent is derived from specialty tenants, which are mostly non-discretionary, such as food and liquor, pharmacy and healthcare, and general services. Typically, specialty rent increases at a fixed rate of 4% per year. In contrast, anchor leases, which contribute the other half of Region’s rental income, grows at a slower pace. Among anchor tenants, 50% pay a base rent plus a percentage of their sales turnover, and 50% pay a constant base rent which is usually reviewed every five years. Region’s development pipeline is relatively small. The group typically undertakes development on behalf of a capital partner, or upgrades and refurbishes existing centers.

Vestis Corp is a provider of uniform rentals and workplace supplies across the United States and Canada. It provides uniforms, mats, towels, linens, restroom supplies, first-aid supplies, safety products, and other workplace supplies. The Company serves customers ranging from small, family-owned operations with a single location to large corporations and national franchises with multiple locations. The company operates in the United States and Canada as reportable segments. The company earns the majority of its revenue from the United States.

Hertz Global Holdings Inc is engaged principally in the business of renting vehicles through Hertz, Dollar and Thrifty brands. The Company has identified two reportable segments: Americas RAC: Rental of vehicles, as well as sales of vehicles and value-added services, in the U.S., Canada, Latin America and the Caribbean; International RAC: Rental of vehicles, as well as sales of vehicles and value-added services, in locations other than the U.S., Canada, Latin America and the Caribbean. The Company maintain a substantial network of company-operated rental locations, a majority of which are in Europe, and have franchisees and partners that operate rental locations under brands. Geographical markets includes U.S., Europe, Pacific Asia, Middle East and Africa, Latin America.

PROG Holdings Inc is a financial technology holding company that provides transparent and competitive payment options to consumers. The company has two reportable segments: Progressive Leasing, an in-store, app-based, and e-commerce point-of-sale lease-to-own solutions provider; and Vive Financial (Vive), an omnichannel provider of second-look revolving credit products. The majority of the revenue of the company is earned through the Progressive Leasing segment.

Dubai Taxi Co is a mobility solutions and taxi operator company in Dubai. It offers a wide range of transportation solutions across its five main business lines, which include taxi services through its large, environmentally friendly fleet; VIP limousine services consisting of chauffeur-driven vehicles to provide luxury service; bus services; last-mile delivery services via delivery bikes; and passenger transport via e-services. It generates the majority of its revenue from Regular Taxi.

Willis Lease Finance Corp, with its subsidiaries, is a lessor and servicer of commercial aircraft and aircraft engines. The company has two reportable business segments, which include Leasing and Related Operations and Spare Parts Sales. A majority of its revenue is generated from the Leasing and Related Operations segment, which involves acquiring and leasing, under operating leases, commercial aircraft, aircraft engines, and other aircraft equipment and the selective purchase and resale of commercial aircraft engines, aircraft equipment, and other related businesses. Geographically, the company derives maximum revenue from the United States, followed by Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding India), India, South America, Canada, Central America, and the Middle East.

Smartgroup Corporation is an Australia-based company that provides specialist employee management services. Its services include salary packaging, novated leasing, vehicle fleet management, payroll administration, employee share plan administration and workforce optimization. The operating segments of the company are: outsourced administration, or OA, and vehicle services, or VS. Most of the group's revenue is generated from the OA segment which provides outsourced salary packaging services, novated leasing, share plan administration and outsourced payroll services. The VS segment provides end-to-end vehicle fleet management services.

Upbound Group Inc is an omnichannel platform company committed to elevating financial opportunity for all through inclusive, and technology-driven financial solutions that address the evolving needs and aspirations of consumers. It has four operating segments; The Rent-A-Center Business segment operates lease-to-own stores, the Acima segment offers the lease-to-own transaction to consumers who do not qualify for financing from the traditional retailer, and also offers the lease-to-own transaction through virtual offering solutions, Mexico segment offers lease-to-own stores in Mexico. The The Brigit segment offers various financial health products and tools to help users improve their financial health. The company derives a majority of its revenue from the Acima segment.

Simpar SA is a holding company, through its subsidiaries is engaged in road logistics services; rental and sale of trucks, machinery and equipment; public sector and mixed economy services; dealership of light vehicles; leasing, freight payment and financial services; and car rental of light vehicles. The group operates in seven reportable segments JSL, Movida, Vamos, CS Brasil, CS Infra, Automob, and BBC.

United International Transportation Co Ltd operates as a car rental company engaged in leasing, renting vehicles, and selling used cars under the commercial name Budget Rent a Car. The services offered by the company include short- and long-term car rentals, chauffeur-driven car rental services, corporate rentals, cross-border rentals, limousine rentals, and other related services. Its reportable segments are Lease, Rental, Used car sales, and Others. A majority of its revenue is generated from the Lease segment, which represents income generated from cars leased out to customers under medium to longer-term rental arrangements. The group operates exclusively in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

SG Fleet Group Ltd is a fleet management solutions providing company. It is also involved in the activities of vehicle leasing, short-term hire, novated leasing, salary packaging and consumer vehicle finance. The fleet management services include funding options, registration renewal, fuel cards and reporting, vehicle acquisition and disposal, comprehensive insurance and other services. Geographically, the group operates in the business segments of Australia, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom, of which the majority of the revenue is derived from its operations in Australia.

LOTTE Rental Co Ltd is the leader in the domestic rental industry. It offers variety of household items, cars, office machines, various types of equipment and others on rental basis.

Vamos Locacao De Caminhoes Maquinas E Equipamentos SA is engaged in the lease, sale and resale of trucks, machinery and equipment, fleet management and renders vehicle mechanics, industrialization, customization and body shop services. The company operates in three operating segments which comprise 1)Truck, machinery and equipment dealerships: sale of trucks, machinery and equipment; resale of used trucks, machinery and equipment, parts, machinery and accessories; mechanics auto body repair and paint services; 2) Lease of trucks, machinery and equipment: lease of trucks, machinery and equipment and fleet management; 3) Customization, manufacturing and transformation of trucks.

Mills Locacao Servicos e Logistica SA operates in the infrastructure, construction, and manufacturing industries. Its activity includes Rental and sale, including imports and exports, of steel and aluminum tubular structures, shoring and access equipment for construction works, as well as reusable concrete formworks. Sale, rental, and distribution of aerial work platforms and telescopic handlers. It has a Formwork and Shoring segment and Rental segment, and the majority of the revenue derives from the Rental business segment.

Autohellas SA is a car rental company in Greece based on the financial figures and vehicle fleet. The main pillars on which the Group's activities are based are: Rent a Car (Greece car rental); International activities (car rental and sales); and Car sales (Greece car and spare parts trade and services). It has three segments car rentals in Greece, trade of cars, Auto Parts, as well as car rentals car sales abroad. The company generates a vast majority of its revenue from the trade of cars, Auto Parts segment.

Rural Funds Group is a real estate investment trust, which holds and leases agricultural property and equipment. The company's operating segment includes Almonds; Cattle; Vineyards; Cropping, Macadamias and Other. It generates maximum revenue from the Almonds segment.

Lumi Rental Co is a Car rental company that offers lease services to corporate and Government sector clients, provides rentals through a network of Thirty airport and city branches across the Kingdom and via digital channels, and sells used vehicles reaching the end of their useful life. The company has three reportable segments which are Leasing segment includes Providing vehicles on long-term leases to corporate and government customers. Rental segment includes Providing vehicles on daily, weekly, and monthly rentals to walking and corporate customers, and Used car sale segment provides the sale of vehicles that have completed their economical life as per management policy. Key revenue is generated from leasing.

FleetPartners Group Ltd is a provider of fleet leasing and fleet management services that operates across Australia and New Zealand. The company offers consumers and businesses access to funding solutions including fleet leasing, novated leasing, and salary packaging solutions. Its business segments include Australia commercial, Novated, and New Zealand commercial, with the majority of revenue flowing from Australia commercial. Australia commercial provides fleet leasing and management services; novated provides novated leasing and salary packaging services in Australia, and New Zealand commercial provides fleet leasing, management, and vehicle dealerships. Some of its brands include FleetPartners, FleetPlus and FleetChoice.

Emeco Holdings Ltd owns and operates a fleet of original equipment manufacturer machines to deliver equipment rental solutions. Its reportable segments are - Rental and Force Workshops. Geographically, it generates all of its revenue from Australia.

Eightco Holdings Inc operates in Forever 8 Inventory Cash Flow Solution. The company is a dynamic technology-focused company committed to driving growth and innovation through strategic acquisitions and management. Forever 8 focuses on purchasing inventory for e-commerce retailers and is part of its Inventory Solution Business.

Is Finansal Kiralama AS is a Turkey-based company, engaged in proving leasing and factoring service in domestic and internationally. The Company has two different operating segments, leasing and factoring. Leasing Includes the Group’s finance lease activities, Factoring operations Includes the Group’s factoring activities. The company undertakes the leasing of machinery and equipment, real estate, tourism equipment, road transport vehicles, office equipment and textile machinery and others. It provides leasing services such as pre-sale services and after-sale services. Also, the group has a range of leasing products like Sale and Lease Back; Software leasing; Operational Leasing.

Allane SE is a multi-brand provider of comprehensive mobility solutions. In its business fields including Online Retail, Fleet Leasing and Captive Leasing, Fleet Management, the Company offers a wide range of services and solutions that make mobility easy in every way. The Group operates into two segments, Leasing and Fleet Management. The majority of revenue is derived from the leasing segment.

AutoWallis PLC is engaged in the retail and wholesale trade of vehicles and parts, repair services as well as vehicle rental services. It operates in segments: Distribution; Mobility services; and Retail & Services. The majority of its revenue is generated from the Distribution segment. The brands represented by the Distribution segment include Alpine, BYD, Dacia, Isuzu, Jaguar, Land Rover, Renault, SsangYong, and Opel, as well as the regional supply of MG and Saab parts. Retail & Services segment deals with BMW passenger cars and motorcycles, BYD, Dacia, Isuzu, Jaguar, KIA, Land Rover, Maserati, and MINI, among other brands.