Black Sea Property Valuation Multiples

Marriott operates 1.8 million rooms across roughly 30 brands. At the end of 2025, luxury represented roughly 10% of total rooms, premium was 42%, select service was 46%, and midscale was 2%. Marriott, Courtyard, and Sheraton are the largest brands, while Autograph, Tribute, Moxy, Aloft, and Element are newer lifestyle brands. Managed and franchised represented 99% of total rooms as of Dec. 31, 2025. North America makes up 61% of total rooms. Managed, franchise, and incentive fees represent the vast majority of revenue and profitability for the company.

Hilton Worldwide Holdings operates 1.35 million rooms across its 25 brands, serving the premium economy through luxury segments. Hampton and Hilton are the two largest brands, representing 27% and 18%, respectively, of the company’s total rooms, as of Dec. 31, 2025. Recent brands launched over the past few years include Home2, Curio, Canopy, Spark, Tru, Tempo, LivSmart, and Outset. Additionally, there is a partnership with Small Luxury Hotels of the World and acquisitions of NoMad and Graduate Hotels. Managed and franchised hotels represent the vast majority of adjusted EBITDA, predominantly from the Americas.

Las Vegas Sands is the world's largest operator of fully integrated resorts, featuring casino, hotel, entertainment, food and beverage, retail, and convention center operations. The company owns the Venetian Macao, Sands Macao, Londoner Macao, Four Seasons Hotel Macao, and Parisian Macao, as well as the Marina Bay Sands resort in Singapore. We expect Sands to open a fourth tower in Singapore in 2031. Its Venetian and Palazzo Las Vegas assets in the US were sold to Apollo and Vici in 2022. After the sale of its Vegas assets, Sands generates all its EBITDA from Asia, with its casino operations generating the majority of sales.

Oriental Land is a prominent Japanese company primarily known for its ownership and operation of the Tokyo Disney Resort. It includes two theme parks, Tokyo Disneyland and Tokyo DisneySea, as well as hotels, shopping, and dining facilities. Oriental Land collaborates closely with The Walt Disney Company under a licensing agreement until 2076. This partnership has been instrumental in establishing Tokyo Disney Resort as one of the leading tourist destinations in Japan, attracting millions of visitors annually from domestic and international markets. Beyond its entertainment ventures, Oriental Land has also ventured into real estate development and operates Ikspiari, a retail and entertainment complex adjacent to Tokyo Disneyland.

InterContinental Hotels Group operates 987,000 rooms across 20 brands addressing the midscale through luxury segments, as of Dec. 31, 2024. Holiday Inn and Holiday Inn Express constitute the largest brand, while Hotel Indigo, Even, Hualuxe, Kimpton, and Voco are newer lifestyle brands experiencing strong demand. The company launched a midscale brand, Avid, in 2017 and closed on a 51% stake in Regent Hotels in 2018. It acquired Six Senses in 2019 and launched another midscale brand, Garner, in 2023. Managed and franchised represent 99% of total rooms. As of Dec. 31, 2024, the Americas represented 53% of total rooms, with Greater China accounting for 20% and Europe, Asia, the Middle East, and Africa making up 27%.

Galaxy Entertainment is one of six casino licenseholders in Macao. Its major properties include Starworld casino in the Macao Peninsula and Galaxy Macau in Cotai, with a hotel capacity of approximately 5,564 rooms as of the end of 2024.

Sands China operates integrated resorts and casinos in Macao. Its properties include Sands Macao, the Venetian Macao, the Plaza Macao, the Londoner, and the Parisian Macao. It has about 23.5% market share in the Macao gaming sector in terms of gross gaming revenue as of 2025. Las Vegas Sands has a 74.8% stake in Sands China.

Hyatt is an operator of owned (3% of total rooms) and managed and franchised (97%) properties across about 40 upscale luxury brands, which includes vacation brands (Apple Leisure Group, Hyatt Ziva, and Hyatt Zilara), the recently launched full-service lifestyle brand Hyatt Centric, the soft lifestyle brand Unbound, the wellness brand Miraval, and the midscale extended-stay brand Studios. Hyatt acquired Two Roads Hospitality in 2018 and Apple Leisure Group in 2021. The regional exposure as a percentage of total rooms is 63% Americas, 15% rest of world, and 22% Asia-Pacific.

H World Group Ltd is a multi-brand hotel group in China with international operations. It operates in the leased, managed, and franchised models. The company has two operating segments: legacy Huazhu and legacy DH. Its brand and product offering includes Economy hotel brands: HanTing Hotel, Ni Hao Hotel, Hi Inn, Elan Hotel, Zleep Hotels, and Ibis Hotel, Midscale hotel brands: JI Hotel, Orange Hotel, Starway Hotel and Ibis Styles Hotel, Upper midscale hotel brands: Crystal Orange Hotel, IntercityHotel, Manxin Hotel, Mercure Hotel, Madison Hotel, Novotel Hotel, CitiGO Hotel and MAXX by Steigenberger, Upscale hotel brands: Joya Hotel, Blossom House, Steigenberger Hotels & Resorts, Jaz in the City, and Grand Mercure; and Luxury hotel brand: Steigenberger Icon and Song Hotels.

Accor operates 850,285 rooms across 48 brands, addressing the economy through luxury segments as of December 2024. Ibis (economy scale) is the largest brand (18% of total rooms at the end of 2024), followed by midscale brands Mercure (16%) and Novotel (13%). FRHI offers additional luxury and North American exposure. After the sale of the majority of HotelInvest (owned assets) in 2018-19, the majority of total EBITDA comes from asset-light managed and franchised hotels. Europe and North Africa represent 42% of rooms, Asia-Pacific 35%, the Americas 12%, and India, Middle East, and Africa 11%. Premium, midscale, and economy are 84% of total rooms, while luxury and lifestyle are the remaining 16%.

Wynn Resorts operates luxury casinos and resorts. The company was founded in 2002 by Steve Wynn, the former CEO. The company operates four megaresorts: Wynn Macau and Encore in Macao and Wynn Las Vegas and Encore in Las Vegas. Cotai Palace opened in August 2016 in Macao, and Encore Boston Harbor in Massachusetts opened June 2019. We expect the company to continue to build nongaming attractions in Macao over the next few years. We model Wynn's managed integrated resort in the United Arab Emirates to open in 2027. The company also operates Wynn Interactive, a digital sports betting and iGaming platform, in a few states. The company received 76% and 24% of its 2019 prepandemic EBITDA from Macao and the US, respectively. In 2024, both the US and Macao were each 50% of total EBITDA.

The Wharf (Holdings) Ltd has determined five reportable operating segments for measuring performance and allocating resources. The segments are investment properties, development properties, hotels, logistics, and investments. The investment properties segment mainly includes property leasing & management operations. The development properties segment encompasses activities relating to the acquisition, development, sales, and marketing of the Group’s trading properties. The hotel segment includes hotel management in Asia. The logistics segment mainly includes container terminal operations. The investment segment includes a diversified portfolio of listed equity investments. The majority is from the Development Properties segment. Geographically, the majority is from Mainland China.

MGM Resorts is the largest resort operator on the Las Vegas Strip with 37,000 guest rooms and suites, representing about one fourth of all units in the market. The company's Vegas properties include MGM Grand, Mandalay Bay, Park MGM, Luxor, New York-New York, and Bellagio. The Strip contributed approximately 59% of total EBITDAR in 2024. MGM also owns US regional assets, which represented a low 20s share of 2024 EBITDAR (MGM's Macao EBITDAR was 21% of the total in 2024). MGM's US sports and i-gaming operations are currently a high-single-digit percentage of its total revenue. The company also operates the 56%-owned MGM China casinos with a second property that opened on the Cotai Strip in early 2018. We estimate MGM will open a resort in Japan in 2030.

Indian Hotels Co Ltd is an owner and operator of hotels and resorts, domiciled in India. The company operates its hotels and resorts under the Taj, Vivanta, Ginger, Seleqtions, and other brands. Indian Hotels reports revenue across the following business lines: room income; food, restaurants, and banquet income; membership fees; management and operating fees; and others. Room income contributes a majority to the company's revenue, followed by food, restaurants, and banquet income. Indian Hotels derives the majority of its revenue domestically.

UOL Group Ltd is a general real estate company. The company maintains an extensive portfolio in Singapore that is composed of development and investment properties, hotels, and serviced suites. The development properties consist of residential units, office towers, and shopping centers. The Group's property development segment generates the vast majority of its revenue, followed by hotel operations. Geographically, it generates the majority of its revenue from Singapore.

Ryman Hospitality Properties Inc is a lodging and hospitality real estate investment trust that specializes in upscale convention center resorts and country music entertainment experiences. Its core holdings include meetings-focused resorts that are managed by Marriott under the Gaylord Hotels and JW Marriott brands. The company's operations are organized into three segments: Hospitality, Entertainment, and Corporate and Other. The majority of its revenue is generated from the Hospitality segment, which includes the Gaylord Hotels properties, JW Marriott properties, the Inn at Opryland, and the AC Hotel in its portfolio. The Entertainment segment includes the entertainment and media assets comprising Opry Entertainment Group, and the Corporate and Other segment includes corporate expenses.

Boyd Gaming Corp is a multi-jurisdictional gaming company. The company operates wholly-owned gaming entertainment properties (casino space, slot machines, table games, and hotel rooms) in Nevada, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, Ohio, and Pennsylvania. Geographical regions separate its business segments: Las Vegas Locals, Downtown Las Vegas, Midwest and South, and Online. The Midwest and South hold the key number of entertainment properties and generate the majority of the company's revenue.

As of June 30, 2025, Wyndham Hotels & Resorts operates 846,700 rooms across more than 20 brands predominantly in the economy and midscale segments. Super 8 is the largest brand, representing around 18% of all rooms, with Days Inn (13%) and Ramada (14%) the next two largest brands, as of the end of 2024. During the past several years, the company has expanded its extended stay/lifestyle brands, which appeal to travelers seeking to experience the local culture of a given location. The company closed its La Quinta acquisition in the second quarter of 2018, adding around 90,000 rooms at the time the deal closed. Wyndham launched a new extended stay economy scale segment concept, ECHO, in the spring of 2022. The United States represents 56% of total rooms, as of the end of 2024.

Caesars Entertainment includes about 50 domestic gaming properties across the Las Vegas (47% of the estimated 2025 EBITDAR before corporate expenses) and regional (49%) markets. Additionally, the company hosts managed properties and digital assets that produced marginal EBITDA in 2024. Caesars' US presence roughly doubled with the 2020 acquisition by Eldorado, which built its first casino in Reno, Nevada, in 1973 and expanded its presence through prior acquisitions to over 20 properties before merging with legacy Caesars. Caesars' brands include Caesars, Harrah’s, Tropicana, Bally’s, Isle, and Flamingo. Also, the company owns the US portion of William Hill (it sold the international operation in 2022), a digital sports betting platform.

MGM China is one of six casino license holders in Macao. It operates two integrated resorts: the MGM Macau in the Peninsula and MGM Cotai in Cotai. The company is allowed to operate 750 gaming tables during its new 10-year concession period of 2023-32.

Whitbread PLC owns hotels and restaurants that operate in the United Kingdom. It operates more than 800 hotels under the Premier Inn brand and provides services in relation to accommodation and food both in the UK and internationally. Restaurant brands include Beefeater, Brewers Fayre, Cookhouse & Pub, Bar Block and Others. Geographically the company derives majority of revenue from UK division.

Atour Lifestyle Holdings Ltd is an upper-midscale hotel chain in China. The company derives revenues from franchise and management fees from its manachised hotels and sales of hotel supplies to manachised hotels, Operations of leased hotels, and sales of retail products. The company has one operating segment, which is the Atour Group.

At year-end 2025, Choice Hotels operated 657,000 rooms across the economy, midscale, upscale, and extended-stay segments. Comfort Inn and Comfort Suites are the largest brands (27% of the company's total rooms), while Ascend and Cambria (10%) are lifestyle and select-service brands, and WoodSpring (5%) is the company's largest extended-stay brand. Choice closed on its Radisson acquisition in August 2022, which added about 70,000 rooms. Franchises account for 100% of total revenue, and the United States represented 78% of total rooms in 2024.

Vail Resorts Inc Bhd is a resorts and casinos company that operates mountain resorts and ski areas. The company has three business segments that include Mountain, Lodging, and Real Estate. The Mountain segment operates numerous ski resort properties that offer a variety of winter and summer activities, such as skiing, snowboarding, snowshoeing, hiking, and mountain biking. The Lodging segment owns and operates hotels and condominiums. The Real Estate segment owns, develops, and leases real estate, typically near its other properties. The company generates the vast majority of its revenue within the United States.

An investment in wide-moat-rated Endeavour Group provides investors with exposure to one of the most well entrenched dividend-paying businesses in the Australian retail landscape. Following decades of enduring organic growth through store rollouts, Endeavour's off-premises retail segment—with more than 1,700 retail outlets mainly across its Dan Murphy's and BWS brands—accounts for approximately half of all off-premises retail liquor sales within Australia. Endeavour's immense scale in the off-premises retail segment is unrivalled within Australia. Indeed, Endeavour's sales are almost three times larger than its nearest retail competitor, Coles.

Fattal Holdings (1998) Ltd is engaged in the maintenance, management, operation, and rental of hotels in Israel. Its geographical segment includes Israel; and Abroad, mainly Germany; the UK and Ireland, and others. The company generates maximum revenue from Abroad, mainly in Germany.

Bains de Mer Monaco is engaged in the gaming, hotel and leasing Industry. The Gaming sector combines the gaming table and slot machine operations at the Monte-Carlo Casino, the Cafe de Paris Casino, the Sun Casino, the Bay Casino, and the Rascasse. The Hotel sector includes all the accommodation and catering activities, the therapy and spa-centre and all the related hotel services provided in its establishments. The Leasing sector combines leasing activities of boutiques, office space and the hotel residence activities of the Monte-Carlo Bay and Balmoral. Bains derives the majority of revenue from the Hotel sector.

Wynn Macau operates two integrated casino resorts in Macao, including Wynn Macau on the peninsula and Wynn Palace in Cotai. These properties feature with high-end hotels and brand-name stores, making Wynn an iconic high-end brand. Wynn Resorts has a 71% stake in Wynn Macau.

Hilton Grand Vacations Inc is a timeshare company engaged in developing, marketing, selling, managing, and operating timeshare resorts, timeshare plans, and ancillary reservation services, under the Hilton Grand Vacations brand. The company operates business in the following two segments: (i) Real estate sales and financing and (ii) Resort operations and club management. The majority of the company's revenue is earned through the Real estate sales and financing segment, which generates revenue from VOI sales, and Financing.

Shanghai Jin Jiang International Hotel (Group) Co Ltd is one of the hotel groups in China, engaged in hotel operation and management, franchising, and the businesses of restaurants, transportation, logistics, and travel agencies. The group operates a wide range of hotels, including full-service hotels and select-service hotels.

Minor International PCL operates hotels, restaurant operations, distribution, and manufacturing businesses. The company's operating segments of the company are Hotel, Mixed-use and others, and Restaurants. Majority of its revenue comes from European hotels. The Group mainly operates in Thailand and also has operations in other countries such as countries in Europe, Singapore, The People's Republic of China, The Republic of Maldives, The United Arab Emirates, Sri Lanka, Australia, the Federative Republic of Brazil, and countries in Africa, etc.

ITC Hotels Ltd is engaged in hospitality services, offering a collection of hotels and resorts. The group operates under six brands: ITC Hotels and Mementos in the luxury segment, Storii in the boutique premium segment, Welcomhotel in the upper upscale category, Fortune in the midscale segment, and WelcomHeritage in the heritage leisure space. The company operates within and outside India, with the majority of revenue from the India, as the majority of its location is within India, like Agra, New Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, and many more top cities.

Isrotel Ltd manages & operates hotels which includes activities like restaurants, swimming pool halls, entertainment, and various recreation facilities. Its hotels include the Royal Beach (Eilat), the Isrotel King Solomon, & Isrotel Sport Club, among others. It operates more than fifteen hotels in Israel.

Red Rock Resorts Inc along with its subsidiary is a gaming, development and management company that develops and operates strategically-located casino and entertainment properties. Its casino properties are conveniently located throughout the Las Vegas valley and provide its customers a wide variety of entertainment and dining options. The majority of revenue is derived from Casinos, followed by Food and Beverages, Rooms and others.

Melia Hotels International SA is a Spanish owner and operator of hotels. The company operates midscale, upscale, and premium hotels across several brands, including Sol Hotels & Resorts, Melia Hotels & Resorts, and Gran Melia. Melia may either own or lease the hotels it operates, and hotel operation contributes the majority of company revenue. In addition, hotel owners may operate hotels under a Melia brand in a franchise agreement, or can contract Melia's management services to operate the hotel on its behalf. The company generates approximately half of its revenue in Spain, and the rest from America and the EMEA region.

Genting Malaysia Bhd is a resort and casino company and is a subsidiary of the holdings company Genting. The company has three primary business segments: Leisure & Hospitality and Properties. The Leisure & Hospitality segment operates numerous resorts, many of which include casinos, theme parks, concerts, restaurants, and retail shopping locations. The flagship resort operates five hotels, an amusement park, and entertainment venues. The Properties segment controls and leases real estate, and the Investments & Others segment. The company generates the vast majority of its revenue in Malaysia.

Petrokent Turizm AS is engaged in the management of holiday resorts, as well as in the acquisition and development of property for tourism projects.

BTG Hotels (Group) Co Ltd engages in investment and management; hotel operation and management; property management; renting commercial premises; tourism services; development and sales of tourism products; taxi passenger transport; information consulting; exhibition and exhibition activities; catering services; design, production, agency, publishing domestic And foreign businessmen's advertising in China.

Marriott Vacations Worldwide Corp functions in the United States leisure industry. It owns and manages a cluster of resorts and accommodation facilities under trademarks like Marriott Vacation Club, Grand Residencies, and The Ritz-Carlton Destination Club predominantly in the United States. Some of its properties are also spread across Europe and Asia Pacific. Marriott's majority revenue components include the sale of vacation ownership products such as luxurious vacation packages. In addition, it offers purchase money financing to the end users of its core services. The company operates in two reportable segments: Vacation Ownership and Exchange & Third-Party Management. The majority of revenue is derived from the Vacation Ownership segment.

Genting Bhd is a diversified holdings company operating in the resorts and casinos industry. The company's primary business segment is Leisure & Hospitality, but the business has several smaller segments: Plantation, Power, Property, and Oil & Gas. The Leisure & Hospitality segment operates numerous resorts across various countries, many of which have casinos, theme parks, concerts, restaurants, and retail shopping locations. Additionally, the company has diversified segments, which control farmland, oil and gas, and real estate. The company generates the vast majority of its revenue from Malaysia and Singapore.

Resorttrust Inc is engaged in membership-based hospitality and healthcare services, operating through three reportable segments: Membership Business, Hotel Restaurant Business, and Medical Business. The Membership segment sells hotel memberships, provides loans to purchasers, and constructs membership hotels. The Hotel Restaurant segment operates and maintains hotels and restaurants, offering services such as cleaning, travel sales, insurance, and various membership-related commissions. The Medical segment handles medical memberships, runs medical facilities, provides consulting and home care services, rents and sells medical equipment, and develops systems for remote medical diagnostics and care.

Kangwon Land Inc is a casino and resort company. The business has six business segments that include Casino, Hotel, Holiday Unit, Golf Course, Skiing Ground, and Other. Kangwon operates numerous resorts and casinos that have table games and slot machines. The company's resorts also have condominium units. The Golf Course segment generates revenue from courses the company has built around its resorts. The Skiing Grounds segment is engaged in skiing tickets and rentals through the company's integrated ski resort. The Other business segment controls interests such as Kangwon's theme park. Kangwon Land generates the vast majority of its revenue in South Korea.

Penn Entertainment’s origins date back to its 1972 racetrack opening in Pennsylvania. Today, Penn operates 43 properties across 20 states and 12 brands, including Hollywood Casino and Ameristar. Land-based casinos represented 85% of total sales in 2024; 15% was from the interactive segment, which includes sports, iGaming, and media revenue. The retail portfolio generates mid-30s EBITDAR margins and helps position the company to obtain licenses for the digital wagering markets. Additionally, Penn’s media asset, theScore, provides access to sports betting/iGaming technology and clientele, helping it form a leading digital position.

NagaCorp Ltd is an investment holding company involved in the resorts and casino industry. The company has two business segments, Casino Operations; and Hotel and Entertainment Operations. The Casino Operations business, that generates maximum revenue, manages gaming activities, the company's flagship resort, NagaWorld. The resort has a variety of gaming halls, shopping galleries, restaurants, and meeting spaces. Furthermore, it contains segments of both gaming tables and electronic gaming machines. The Hotel and Entertainment Operations segment manages the hotel and leisure businesses of the company. NagaCorp generates the vast majority of its revenue in Cambodia.

EIH Ltd is an Indian-based company predominantly engaged in owning and managing premium luxury hotels and cruisers under the luxury Oberoi, Maidens, and Trident brands. The company is also involved in in-flight catering, airport restaurants, project management, and corporate air charters.

Monarch Casino & Resort Inc is engaged in providing the latest gaming, dining, and hospitality amenities. It owns and operates the Atlantis Casino Resort Spa, a hotel/casino facility in Reno, Nevada, and the Monarch Black Hawk Casino in Black Hawk. The company generates the majority of its revenue from Casinos, followed by Food & Beverage and Hotel Operations.

Scandic Hotels Group AB is a Sweden-based company engaged in the operation of hotels. It has a network of hotels in the Nordic market, which creates an offering for guests and customers. The majority of the company's revenue comes from the Room, Restaurant and conferences. Its business is operated through various geographical regions which include Sweden, Finland, Other European and Central functions, and Norway.

Shangri-La Asia Ltd owns and manages hotels in the People's Republic of China under the brands Shangri-La Hotels, Shangri-La Resorts, Kerry Hotels, Hotel Jen, and Traders Hotels. Other countries in which the group has its presence include Singapore, the Philippines, Malaysia, Thailand, Japan, Australia, and a few Other Countries. Besides hotel operations, the group also engaged in golf course operations in Bali, Indonesia, and wine trading in Hong Kong. Its business is organized into Hotel Properties, Hotel management and Related services, Investment Properties, and Property Development for sales. Revenues are generated from room rental, food and beverage sales, hotel management, Rental revenue from investment properties, and sales of properties.