Rai Way Valuation Multiples

Bharti Airtel Ltd is a telecommunications company. The company's segments include Mobile Services India, Mobile Services Africa, Mobile Services South Asia, Airtel Business, Passive Infrastructure Services, Homes Services, Digital TV Services, and others. It generates maximum revenue from the Mobile Services India segment. Mobile Services India services cover voice and data telecom services provided through wireless technology (2G /3G/4G) in India. It includes the captive national long-distance networks, which provide connectivity to the mobile services business in India. It also includes intra-city fibre networks.

Equinix is one of the leading providers of cloud- and carrier-neutral data centers, offering colocation and interconnection services to hyperscalers and businesses. Equinix operates 270 properties in 77 metropolitan areas across 36 countries, serving over 10,000 customers. About 70% of Equinix’s revenue comes from renting physical space, which allows hyperscalers and other clients to store servers, data storage, and networking equipment. The other 30% of revenue is generated primarily through interconnection services (20%) and other managed services (10%).

Nokia provides telecom equipment and services that are used to build wireless and fixed-line networks. It operates in four segments. The mobile networks segment sells equipment and services to telecom carriers to power public wireless networks. Network infrastructure focuses on fixed-line networks, including switching and routing equipment, optical components, and devices used in fiber-to-the-premises networks. The cloud and network services segment develops software used to operate the core of carrier wireless networks and build private networks for enterprises. Nokia also has a sizable research and patent business, where it licenses technology used by handset providers, consumer electronics firms, and other firms making electronic and Internet of Things products.

Ciena is a telecommunications equipment provider focused on optical transport technologies, with clients in a number of industries such as communication services providers, web-scale providers, cable operators, government, and large enterprises worldwide. The company provides equipment, software, and services that support transport, switching, aggregation, service delivery, and data traffic management.

American Tower owns and operates about 150,000 wireless towers throughout the US, Asia, Latin America, Europe, and Africa. It also owns and/or operates 30 data centers in 11 US markets after acquiring CoreSite. On its towers, the company has a very concentrated customer base, with most revenue in each market generated by the top few mobile carriers. The company operates more than 40,000 towers in the US, which accounted for about half of total revenue in 2024. Outside the US, American Tower operates about 47,000 towers in Latin America (dominated by Brazil), 32,000 towers in Europe, and 27,000 towers in Africa. American Tower operates as a REIT.

Digital Realty is one of the leading providers of cloud- and carrier-neutral data centers, offering colocation and interconnection services to hyperscalers and large businesses. Digital Realty operates 300 properties in 57 metropolitan areas across 31 countries, serving 5,000 customers. Renting physical space accounts for about 90% of Digital Realty’s revenue. The firm enables hyperscalers and other clients to store servers, data, and networking equipment. The other 10% of revenue is generated primarily through interconnection services (8%) and other fee income (2%).

Ericsson provides telecom equipment and services that are primarily used to build and operate mobile networks. The firm divides its business into three segments: networks, cloud and software services, and enterprise. Wireless carriers have traditionally been the firm’s primary customers, but it is pushing to cater more to enterprises as well, as both try to take advantage of 5G capabilities and utilize “as-a-service” communications platforms. The company also licenses its patents to handset manufacturers.

Telstra is Australia’s largest telecommunications company, with dominant market shares in voice, mobile, enterprise telecom, and fixed-line broadband resale via the national broadband network. The former government monopoly provides most of its services via its infrastructure assets, such as a fixed-line network (data centers, exchanges, poles, ducts, pits and pipes, fiber network), a mobile network, and mobile towers. Its customers span retail, corporate, government, wholesale, and overseas segments. Telstra also provides the government-owned, last-mile fixed-line National Broadband Network with long-term access to its infrastructure, in return for recurring payments. Finally, Telstra operates a leading telecom operation in Papua New Guinea and the surrounding South-Pacific countries.

Crown Castle owns or manages roughly 40,000 wireless towers in the United States. It leases space on its towers to wireless service providers, which install equipment to support their wireless networks. The company has a very concentrated customer base, with about 75% of its revenue from the Big Three US mobile carriers: Verizon, T-Mobile, and AT&T. Crown Castle has plans to divest its fiber business, which is expected to be finalized in the first half of 2026. After that, it will be a stand-alone tower operator. Crown Castle operates as a real estate investment trust.

Yangtze Optical Fibre and Cable Joint Stock Ltd Co is engaged in the Chinese communication equipment industry. It manufactures and sells optical fiber preforms, optical fibers with various standard specifications that are widely used in the telecommunications industry. It operates its business through three operating segments, optical fibers and optical fiber preforms; and Optical components and modules, optical fiber cables. The manufacture and sale of optical fiber cables provide the company with majority of its revenue. Its other products comprise of trunk cables, patch cords, plug-and-play modules, optical distribution frames, pigtails, adapter panels, splitters, and connecting cabinets.

Hengtong Optic-Electric Co Ltd provides fiber optic communication products in China and internationally. It offers optical rods, optical fiber, optical cable, optical devices, an optical network, ocean optical network products, data communication products, power transmission products, ocean engineering, quantum security communications, rail transit, and smart city products.

MasTec is a leading infrastructure construction company operating mainly in North America across a range of industries. Its primary activities include engineering, building, installing, maintaining, and upgrading communications, oil and gas, utility, renewable energy, and other infrastructure. MasTec reports its results under five segments: communications; clean energy and infrastructure; oil and gas; power delivery; and other.

BT Group is the incumbent telecommunications operator in the UK. BT is the owner of Openreach, the largest fixed-line network in the country. Openreach operates as a separate entity due to regulatory requirements but is still 100% owned by BT. Openreach has accelerated its fiber investments and expects to have 90% of the UK covered with FTTH by 2026. In the consumer division, BT has approximately 30% market share in broadband and mobile services. The enterprise segment serves large corporations while the global services division provides communications consultancy services.

China Tower Corp Ltd is a telecommunications tower infrastructure service provider. The Company is principally engaged in the construction, maintenance, and operation of base station ancillary facilities such as telecommunications towers, public network coverage in high-speed railways and subways, and large-scale indoor Distributed Antenna Systems (DAS). The business of the company includes Tower business; DAS business; Smart Tower business and Energy business. The Group’s revenue is generated from the Three TSPs.

Vantage is the tower arm of Vodafone, spun off in 2021. Vantage fully owns 45,000 towers in Germany, Spain, Greece, and other European countries. Vantage also owns stakes in Inwit (22,000 towers, Vantage owns 33% stake), the Italian tower operator resulting from the merger of Vodafone and Telecom Italia’s towers in the region, and Cornerstone (14,000 towers, 50% stake) a tower joint venture in the U.K. with Telefonica.

Cellnex owns and operates more than 100,000 wireless towers in Europe, the result of continued merger and acquisition activity since its initial public offering in 2015. It has acquired towers from several European mobile network operators, including Telefonica, Iliad, CK Hutchison, Bouygues, and Altice. Cellnex is present in France, Italy, Spain, Poland, and the United Kingdom, among others.

SBA Communications owns a portfolio of about 45,000 wireless towers throughout North America, South America, and Africa. It leases space on its towers to wireless service providers, who install equipment to support their wireless networks. The company has a very concentrated customer base, with most revenue in each market being generated by the top few mobile carriers. It owns more than 17,000 towers in the US, which account for about 75% of leasing revenue. Internationally, SBA’s largest presence is in Brazil, where it owns roughly 10,000 towers. SBA operates as a real estate investment trust.

Dycom Industries Inc is a provider of specialty contracting services to the telecommunications infrastructure and utility industries throughout the United States. Its operating companies supply telecommunications providers with a comprehensive portfolio of specialty services, including program management; planning; engineering and design; aerial, underground, and wireless construction; maintenance; and fulfillment services and provide underground facility locating services for various utilities, including telecommunications providers, and others. It also provides a range of construction, maintenance, and installation services, including the placement and splicing of fiber, copper, and coaxial cables. It provides services throughout the United States.

Indus Towers Ltd Ltd is a telecommunications tower infrastructure service provider. The company deploys, owns, and manages telecom towers and communication structures for mobile operators. The company acquires and builds towers, while also owning and operating telecom towers and related infrastructure. The company generates revenue through a rental fee to tenants of mobile towers. Energy costs such as electricity and fuel charts are usually passed through to tenants. The company generates the vast majority of its revenue in India. The company's assets are located in India and are often ground-based and rooftop towers.

TIM, which is 67%-owned by Telecom Italia, is the third largest wireless carrier in Brazil, with 62 million subscribers, equal to about 23% of the market. The firm owns 49% of I-Systems, an infrastructure partnership that is expanding its network footprint across Brazil. I-Systems can provide broadband service to about 8 million locations, including 6.5 million with fiber, equal to 10%-15% of the country. TIM leases capacity on the venture's network to serve retail broadband customers under the UltraFibra brand, but it has agreed to buy out its joint venture partner in 2026, taking full ownership of these assets. TIM also resells fiber network access from other providers.

Fiberhome Telecommunication Technologies Co Ltd is a China-based company engaged in the manufacture and sales of communication equipment. Its main products include communication system equipment, optical fibers, cables and data networking products, such as the optical networking products, Internet protocol (IP) data products, broadband access products, optical fibers and cable products, wireless communication products and power supplies, as well as the optoelectronic devices. The company mainly distributes its products in domestic and overseas markets.

KT is South Korea's largest fixed-line telecom operator, with around 11.5 million fixed-line broadband customers and 9.5 million IPTV customers, and is the second-largest wireless operator with 28 million subscribers. Additionally, it has a number of nontelecom businesses, including real estate, payment processing, artificial intelligence, and IDC/cloud services, many of which are the focus of its growth strategy. The company was formed from the previously government-owned, monopoly telecom business and was listed in 1998. After selling its mobile business in 1994 (forming its mobile competitor, SK Telecom), KT created its own mobile operator in 1997.

PT Indoritel Makmur Internasional Tbk is an investment holding company. The company, through its subsidiaries, is engaged in providing infrastructure through fiber optic media and serving telecommunication services ranging from data communication to interactive video, managing SDWAN services, and a variety of other Internet of Things (IoT) derivatives. Its segments are the Corporate segment, the Retail segment, and Others. It generates the majority of revenue from the Corporate segment. The Corporate Business Segment provides fiber-optic-based telecommunications data connection service products for business customers, such as Last Mile Solution, Fiberization, IP Transit, IEPL, MPLS, and DWDM, to other telecommunications operators and international customers.

Inwit is an Italian wireless tower company born from the spinoff of Telecom Italia’s tower assets in 2015. In 2020, Inwit merged its tower assets with those of Vodafone Italia, creating a tower leader in the Italian market with a high-quality portfolio derived from the networks created by Telecom Italia and Vodafone over the past two decades. Inwit owns 25,000 towers, having the highest tenancy ratio and EBITDA margin among the European tower firms. Cellnex is Inwit’s main competitor in Italy, owning a similar number of towers.

Huber& Suhner AG is a Switzerland-based company that designs and creates connections for data and power transmission. It specializes in electrical and optical connectivity components and system solutions that deliver high performance, quality, reliability, and a long service life even under the toughest of conditions. The company has three reportable segments Industry, Communication, and Transportation. It generates the majority of revenue from the Industry segment. Its product portfolio includes radio frequency and microwave products; fiber-optic products involving ultra-high data transmission speeds; low-frequency products such as databus, signal, and power cables; and passive components such as cables, connectors, assemblies, and antennas.

Liberty Broadband Corp serves in the telecommunications industry in the United States. It provides cable services to both residential andsommercial businesses through its fiber, hybrid fiber, and coaxial cable infrastructure. The services provided by the company are residential services, including video, internet, voice, and mobile services; commercial services, including small and medium business and enterprise solutions; advertising services; and other services. The company's reportable segments are GCI Holdings and Charter. The firm derives the majority of its revenue from GCI Holdings.

Axiata Group Bhd is a telecommunications company. The business segment of the company is the Mobile segment, which includes the provision of mobile services and other services such as the provision of interconnect services, sale of devices, pay television transmission services, broadband services, digital business, and others; the Fixed broadband segment is engaged in the broadband and broadcasting business; Infrastructure segment is engaged in the provision of telecommunication infrastructure and related services; and Others comprise investment holding entities, financing entities and other operating companies providing other services including digital business and fibre optic transmission. The company has a presence in Malaysia, Indonesia, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Nepal, and Cambodia.

Array Digital Infrastructure, formerly US Cellular, sold its regional wireless operations serving about 4.4 million customers to T-Mobile in August 2025. The firm has agreed to sell most of its remaining spectrum licenses; however, it will still retain rights to C-band spectrum in several locations after these deals are closed. Array also owns a 5.5% stake in Verizon Wireless' Los Angeles operations, as well as other smaller wireless partnership interests in Oklahoma and upstate New York. The firm still operates a portfolio of about 4,400 wireless towers.

Glarun Technology Co Ltd is involved in fields associated with electronic information technology from high starting points and focuses on the growth and development in aspects of traffic electronics, supply chain integration service, microwave and communication, software and information service, energy electronics and other relevant industries. Its business fields include Rail transit; Air traffic; Intelligent transportation and Maritime traffic.

Comsys Holdings Corp installs electrical and telecommunications facilities and equipment. The company operates through the Comsys Information Systems Group segment, Hokuriku Telephone Construction Group segment, NDS Group segment, Nippon Comsys Group segment, SYSKEN Group segment, Sanwa Comsys Engineering Group segment, TOSYS Group segment, Tsuken Group segment, and Others segment. It generates the majority of its revenue from the Nippon Comsys Group segment, which is engaged in the construction of telecommunications facilities focusing on the Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation (NTT) group.

China Communications Services Corp Ltd is active in the technology sector. It provides integrated comprehensive solutions for the informatization and digitalization sector. It provides integrated solutions, including telecommunications infrastructure services, business process outsourcing services as well as applications, content, and other services to telecommunications operators, government agencies, industrial customers, and small-and-medium enterprises. The Company principally has one operating segment, which is the provision of integrated comprehensive smart solutions in the field of informatization and digitalization.

Helios Towers PLC is a United Kingdom-based company that provides telecommunications towers and infrastructure. The company offers tower-related operational services, including site selection, site preparation, maintenance, security, and power management. The company's geographical operating segment includes Ghana, Tanzania, DRC, Congo Brazzaville, South Africa, Senegal, Madagascar, Malawi, and Oman. The company generates maximum revenue from the DRC segment. The solutions offered by the company include Colocation, Build-to-suit, In-building solutions, Managed Services, and others.

HFCL Ltd is an Indian manufacturer and exporter of optical fiber cables and broadband equipment for the telecommunication industry. Firm business segments include Telecom Products and Turnkey Contracts Services. The Telecom Product segment produces optical fiber cable, optical fiber, and telecom equipment. The Turnkey Contracts and services segment is engaged in delivering telecom infrastructure and communication network systems for Telecom Operators, Defence Services, Railways, Safe and Smart Cities, etc. The firm's products and solutions include Fiber optics, Telecommunication, Defence, and Passive Networking Components. It generates substantial revenue from the sale of turnkey projects and related activities.

NetLink NBN Trust is a national provider of internet service. It designs, builds, owns, and operates network infrastructure comprising ducts, manholes, and fiber cables. Its non-building address point (NBAP) applications include infrastructure for telecommunications operators such as wireless network base stations, cameras, sensors, signage, and outdoor kiosks. The company generates the majority of its revenue from Installation-related revenue and Ancillary project revenue. The company operates in Singapore, the USA, the UK, and the rest of the World.

Sterlite Technologies Ltd is an Indian-based company engaged in the business of Connectivity and Network Solutions. Its products and solutions mainly include integrated optical fiber, copper telecom cables, structured data cables, access equipment, fiber connectivity and system integration solution offerings for telecom networks, OSS/ BSS solutions, billing and bandwidth management solutions for organizations, and others. Its segments include Optical networking business (ONB), Global service business (GSB) and Digital and technology solutions (Digital). The company offers its services within India and in the International market. It earns majority of the revenue from Optical networking business segment.

Foci Fiber Optic Communications Inc designs, manufactures, and markets high-performance fiber optic components and integrated modules including fiber optic coupler, PLC splitter, thin film coarse WDM, dense WDM, multi-fiber cable assembly module, etc. that increase the bandwidth and flexibility of today’s communication networks. Its products include interconnector series, isolators, couplers, splitters, attenuators, WDM devices, and filter devices, among others. Geographically, it generates the majority of its revenue from America.

DigitalBridge Group Inc is a developer of alternative asset manager dedicated to investing in digital infrastructure. The company's platform invests in and operates businesses across the digital ecosystem, including cell towers, data centres, fiber, small cells, and edge infrastructure, to provide clients with funds for digital infrastructure real estate infrastructure.

Operadora De Sites Mexicanos SA de CV is engaged in building, installing, maintaining, operating, and marketing, various types of towers and other support structures, as well as physical spaces and other non-electronic elements for the installation of radiating radio communications equipment.

IHS Holding Ltd is an independent owner, operator, and developer of shared telecommunications infrastructure. The company provides telecommunications infrastructure to its customers, who are MNOs, who in turn provide wireless voice and data services to their end-users. Its geographical segments are Nigeria, Sub-Saharan Africa, the Middle East and North Africa (MENA), and Latin America (Latam). The majority of its revenue is derived from Nigeria.

PT Solusi Tunas Pratama Tbk is engaged in telecommunication infrastructure. The company operates and leases base transceiver station tower buildings or telecommunications towers, and other related telecommunication infrastructure. The segments of the company are Tower lease and Other services. The business activity of the group has functioned in the Indonesia region, and derives majority of its revenue from lease sources. The Group has one segment that is telecommunication tower rental.

Uniti is the product of the August 2025 merger of the firm with Windstream, its former primary customer. The combined firm owns a 217,000 route-mile fiber network that primarily serves enterprise customers. This fiber business generates about 20% of consolidated revenue. Uniti also owns phone networks that reach about 4.5 million households, mostly in less-populated markets in the Southeast. Uniti is rapidly upgrading this network to offer fiber-based broadband services. Its fiber network reaches about 1.8 million locations in its service territory. Residential telecom services account for about a third of total revenue. Small business and wholesale services provided over the legacy phone network account for about 20% of revenue.

Browave Corp is mainly engaged in the design, production, and sales of optical fiber communication components. Its products include Modules, Components, MPO/MTP Cable, and Optical parts.

Chorus is New Zealand’s largest fixed-line communications infrastructure entity. It completed the government's rollout of ultra-fast broadband a fiber-to-the-premises network covering 87% of the population in New Zealand in December 2022. Chorus offers wholesale access to the country's only nationwide copper and fiber infrastructure network. This allows around 100 retail service providers to enable consumers and business to connect to the internet and other telecommunications products. Chorus also provides backhaul services to retail service providers and connects mobile telephony towers.

PT Dayamitra Telekomunikasi Tbk is engaged in providing telecommunications infrastructure. The Group has two segments namely Telecommunication tower lease and Others. It derives maximum revenue from Telecommunication tower lease segment.

Cetc Potevio Science & Technology Co Ltd formerly Gci Science & Technology Co Ltd is a China-based company engaged in the provision of telecommunication network construction technical services and products. It mainly provides public network integrated solutions and special network integrated solutions. The company's network products include network coverage products, network access equipment and communication series printed circuit boards.

Sunevision Holdings Ltd is an Investment holding company. Its segment includes Data centre and IT facilities covering the provision of data center and IT facilities colocation services to allow customers to house their IT infrastructure or equipment, interconnection services to provide customers with high-speed and reliable interconnectivity, and other managed services; and ELV and IT systems comprise installation and maintenance services for the respective systems. It generates the majority of its revenue from Data centre and IT facilities. The company generates the majority of its revenue from Hong Kong.

PT Tower Bersama Infrastructure Tbk is a provider of coverage solutions. The firm's primary business is leasing space for antennas and other equipment for wireless signal transmission to telecommunication operators. The Company also provides telecommunications operators with access to its Distributed Antenna System networks in shopping malls and office buildings. A majority of the firm's revenue is generated from Indonesia. The company's operating segments include Tower, Repeater, Building, and Fiber Optic. The company generates the majority of its revenue from the Tower segment.

China Bester Group Telecom Co Ltd formerly known as Wuhan Bester Group Telecom Co Ltd is specialized in communications network technology services. It is engaged in planning, design, construction, maintenance, and optimization of communications networks for telecom operators in China. It offers full-service information solutions for governments, industries and enterprises. Further it offers personalized information services to the public.