Scandinavian Investment Valuation Multiples

International Paper manufactures packaging products and cellulose fibers. It accounts for roughly one-third of the North American corrugated packaging market. The company also has a substantial presence in Europe following its acquisition of DS Smith. International Paper serves a variety of end markets, including industrial, consumer products, and manufacturing.

Weyerhaeuser Co ranks among the world's key forest product companies. Following the 2016 sale of its pulp business to International Paper, Weyerhaeuser operates three business segments: timberlands, wood products, and real estate. Weyerhaeuser is structured as a real estate investment trust and is not required to pay federal income taxes on earnings generated by timber harvest activities. Earnings from its wood products segment are subject to federal income tax. Weyerhaeuser acquired fellow timber REIT Plum Creek in 2016.

UPM-Kymmene Oyj is a Finnish paper and biomaterials company. The company produces products related to the forestry industry including paper, pulp, and plywood. UPM is also a major electricity generator in Finland and is one of the global producers of self-adhesive labeling materials. It delivers responsible solutions and innovation for a future beyond fossils across six business areas: UPM Fibres, UPM Energy, UPM Raflatac, UPM Specialty Papers, UPM Communication Papers, and UPM Plywood. Geographically, the company has operational footprints in Sweden, Finland, the Netherlands, and other regions.

Suzano SA produces and sells pulp and a variety of paper products. The company organizes itself into two segments based on product type: Pulp and Paper. The Pulp segment generates the majority of revenue. The firm's product portfolio includes printing and writing paper, paperboard, diapers, and sanitary napkins. The company owns forest land and plants in Brazil, where it harvests timber and turns the timber into pulp and paper in its plants.

Stora Enso Oyj is a renewable materials company. It provides renewable products in packaging, biomaterials, and wooden construction, and private forest owners. Its operating segments are Packaging Materials, Packaging Solutions, Biomaterials, Wood Products, Forest, and others. The Packaging Solutions division develops and sells premium fiber-based packaging products and services. Its high-end eco-friendly packaging products are used by brands across multiple market sectors, including the retail, e-commerce, and industrial sectors. Key revenue is generated from the Packaging Solutions segment.

Simpson Manufacturing Co Inc is a manufacturer of wood construction products. The company offers connectors, truss plates, fastening systems, fasteners, prefabricated lateral systems, concrete construction products, adhesives, mechanical anchors, carbide drill bits, powder-actuated tools, and fiber-reinforced materials. Simpson Manufacturing markets its products to the residential, light industrial, and commercial construction markets as well as the remodeling and do-it-yourself markets. The Company is organized into three reporting segments defined by the regions namely North America, Europe, and Asia Pacific. The company generates the majority of its revenue from wood products.

Svenska Cellulosa AB is Europe's private forest owner, engaged in different business segments such as the Forest segment, which generates key revenue, and supplies its industries with timber. The Wood segment includes five sawmills in northern Sweden and wood processing and distribution to the building materials trade in Sweden and France, The Pulp segment encompasses the production and sale of bleached softwood kraft pulp (NBSK) and chemi-thermomechanical pulp (CTMP), which are produced at the Ostrand pulp mill, The Containerboard segment includes packaging paper with kraft liner manufacturing at the Obbola and Munksund paper mills, and The Renewable Energy segment which encompasses production and sales of processed and unprocessed biofuels as well as liquid biofuels.

Shandong Sunpaper Co Ltd is a China-based paper-making company. It manufactures and distributes paper products. The company operates through five segments. The Thermoelectric segment focuses on generating and supplying electricity as well as steam. The Pulp segment covers the manufacturing and marketing of chemical mechanical pulp and dissolving pulp. The Paper-Making segment is responsible for producing and distributing various paper products. The Chemical segment manufactures and sells papermaking-related chemical products. The Trade segment offers commercial trading services. The company's main products include cultural paper, packaging paper, FMCG paper products, specialty grades, food-grade paper, various pulp products, and other related items.

West Fraser Timber is a softwood lumber company that also produces wood panels and pulp products. The company produces its wood products globally, with lumber mills in British Columbia, Alberta, Europe, and the Southeastern United States. Following its acquisition of Norbord in 2021, West Fraser is one of the largest oriented strand board producers in the world.

Louisiana-Pacific Corp is an oriented strand board producer and also offers engineered wood siding used in home construction and repair and remodel projects. The Siding business of the company serves different markets with a broad product portfolio of engineered wood siding, trim, soffit, and fascia. The Company operates through three operating segments: Siding, OSB, and LP South America (LPSA). The company generates majority of its revenue from siding segment.

Holmen AB produces and sells timber, wood products, a variety of paper products, and electricity generated through renewable energy sources. The company organizes itself into four segments based on product type: Forest, Board and Paper, Wood Products, and Renewable Energy. The company's product portfolio includes logs, biofuel, paperboard for consumer packaging, paper for books, construction timber, and renewable energy from hydro and wind power. The company's customer segment is composed of printing firms, sawmills, pulp mills, paper mills, the construction industry, and the packaging industry, among others. The vast majority of revenue comes from the company's paper and paperboard segments combined, and it earns the majority of its revenue in Europe.

Valmet Oyj is a Finland-based company that supplies technologies, automation solutions, and other services to customers in the pulp, paper, packaging, tissue, and energy industries. The company operates in two segments; Biomaterial Solutions and Services, covering pulp, energy, circularity, packaging, paper, and tissue; and Process Performance Solutions, focusing on flow control and automation technologies. The company generates maximum revenue from the Biomaterial Solutions and Services segment.

Klabin SA operates in various segments of the pulp and paper industry, supplying domestic and foreign markets with wood, bleached pulp, packaging paper, paper sacks, and corrugated cardboard boxes. The firm organizes itself into four segments based on product type: Forestry, Paper, Packaging, and Pulp. The Forestry segment involves operations related to planting and growing pine and eucalyptus trees and selling timber to third parties. The Paper segment mainly involves the production of cardboard, Kraftliner, and recycled paper rolls, and their sale. The Packaging segment, which derives maximum revenue, involves the production and sale of corrugated cardboard boxes, cardboard, and industrial bags. The Pulp segment includes the production and sale of short, long, and fluff fiber pulp.

UFP Industries Inc is a supplier of lumber to the manufactured housing industry. Today UFP Industries is a multibillion-dollar holding company with subsidiaries around the globe that serve three markets: retail, packaging and construction. Its business segments consist of UFP Retail Solutions, UFP Packaging, UFP Construction, All other and Corporate. It describes itself as an innovation company, a logistics company, a design company, an engineering and value-added product and solutions company.

Mondi PLC makes and sells packaging and paper products. The company's operating segments include Corrugated Packaging; Flexible Packaging and Uncoated Fine Paper. It generates maximum revenue from the Flexible Packaging segment. Flexible Packaging segment includes Kraft paper; Paper bags; Consumer flexibles; Functional paper and films and Pulp. The majority of revenue comes from Europe.

Trex Co Inc is a manufacturer of wooden alternative decking products. The company offers outdoor products in the decking, railing, porch, fencing, trim, steel deck framing, and outdoor lighting categories. Its products are sold under the Trex brand and manufactured in the United States. Further, the company licenses its Trex brand to third parties to manufacture and sell products under the Trex trademark. The distribution is focused on wholesale distributors and retail lumber dealers, which in turn sell Trex products to homeowners and contractors, with an emphasis on professional contractors, remodelers, and homebuilders. The company operates in one reportable segment i.e. Trex Residential.

Nine Dragons Paper (Holdings) Ltd operates as a paper products manufacturer. The company is a pulp and paper manufacturing group specializing in the integrated production of pulp and paper, with main products including various kinds of environmentally friendly packaging paper, printing and writing paper, high-end virgin paper, and products from the entire upstream and downstream production chain. Covering the full industry spectrum, it offers kraftlinerboard, testlinerboard, white top linerboard, coated linerboard, bleached folding boxboard, high-performance corrugating medium, coated duplex board, gypsum board cover paper, and more.

Oji Holdings Corp through its group companies, is engaged in the production and distribution of pulp, paper products, and converted paper products. The company operates through five segments. The Functional Materials segment covers specialty paper, thermal paper, adhesives, and films. The Living and Industrial Materials segment includes corrugated base paper, paperboard, packaging paper, household paper, and disposable diapers. The Print Information Media segment engages in newsprint, printing, publishing, and information paper. The Resource and Environmental Business segment spans pulp, energy, afforestation, and wood processing. The Others segment comprises trading, eco-friendly packaging, logistics, engineering, real estate, and liquid cartons.

Empresas CMPC SA produces and sells pulp, paper, packaging, tissue paper, and other paper products. The firm organizes itself into three segments based on product type. The pulp forestry segment, which generates the majority of revenue, harvests timber and sells pulp, which is used to make paper products. The paper segment sells a variety of paper products. The tissue segment sells tissue papers. The majority of revenue comes from Latin America. The majority of the company's shares outstanding are owned by Matte Group.

The Navigator Co SA produces and sells pulp, paper, and energy. The company segments is based on product type. The market pulp segment, which sells pulp paper to international paper producers. The UWF segment, which sells paper through retail stores (B2C) and commercial distribution (B2B). Tissue segment, which sells tissue paper for private label to national and international retail chains. The Biomass renewable energy segment includes the cogeneration units and the two independent thermoelectric power plants and Support. The majority of revenue comes from Rest of Europe.

Boise Cascade Co is a producer of engineered wood products (EWP) and plywood. The firm operates in two reportable segments, namely Wood Products and Building Materials Distribution. The Wood Products segment manufactures laminated veneer lumber (LVL), I-joists, and laminated beams. In addition, it manufactures structural, appearance, and industrial-grade plywood panels, and ponderosa pine lumber. The Building Materials Distribution segment is engaged in the distribution of various building materials, including oriented strand board (OSB), plywood, and lumber; general line items such as siding, composite decking, doors and millwork, metal products, roofing, and insulation; and EWP, among others. The company generates a majority of its revenue from the Building Material Distribution segment.

PT Indah Kiat Pulp & Paper Tbk manufactures paper, pulp, and packaging paper. The company's operating segment includes cultural paper and pulp and industrial paper and tissue products. Its cultural paper and pulp products segment consists of cultural paper and other related cultural paper products and pulp. The industrial paper products segment consists of linerboard, corrugating medium, corrugated shipping containers, and boxboard. Geographically, it derives a majority of its revenue from Asia and also has a presence in Europe, the Middle East, America, Africa, and Australia. The company generates maximum revenue from the cultural paper and pulp segment.

Celulosa Argentina SA is engaged in the manufacturing, marketing, and distribution of forest products. Its product portfolio includes Paper products, cellulose pulp, forest products as well as wood products. Geographically, the activities of the company are carried out through Argentina.

Semapa SA makes and sells a variety of paper products as well as cement. The segments of the company are, paper and pulp segment is the production and sale of writing and printing thin paper (UWF) and domestic consumption paper (Tissue), and it is present in the whole value-added chain, from research and development of forestry and agricultural production to the purchase and sale of wood and the production and sale of bleached eucalyptus kraft pulp and electric and thermal energy, as well as its commercialization. The cement and derivatives segment sells cement, ready-mix concrete, and aggregates to the construction and building industries. The other business segment includes the collection and recovery of animal by-products and used cooking oils from ETSA.

Lee & Man Paper Manufacturing Ltd is an investment holding company engaged in the manufacturing and trading of paper and pulp. Its segments are Packaging Paper, Pulp, and Tissue paper. The majority of the revenue is generated from the packaging paper segment that covers the production of kraft liner board, test liner board, coated duplex board, white top liner board, and strength corrugating medium. Its products include Wood pulp products, Boxboard paper products, Pink Gray Card Products, and Toilet Paper Products.

Billerud AB produces a variety of packaging, paper, and board products. Its product offerings include Cartonboard, Sack Paper, Coated Web, Hardwood Pulp, and Containerboard among others. Billerud organizes itself into three segments: Region Europe which also generates key revenue, Region North America, and Solutions and Other.

Sylvamo Corp is an uncoated papers company with a broad portfolio of top-tier brands and low-cost, large-scale paper mills. It produces uncoated freesheet (UFS) for paper products such as cut size and offset paper, as well as market pulp. The company offers Copy and Printer papers, Commercial Printing papers, Converting papers, and Specialty papers. It operates in three geographical segments: Europe, Latin America, and North America. Key revenue is generated from North America.

Aditya Birla Real Estate Ltd formerly Century Textiles & Industries Ltd is a manufacturer with two business segments: Pulp and Paper, and Real Estate. The Real Estates segment includes leased properties. The pulp and paper segment sells products including writing and printing paper, tissue paper, and paper board. The majority of the company's revenue is generated in India.

YFY Inc is a Taiwan-based investment holding business that operates in Taiwan and China. Its business activities are investments in other companies. The main business segments of YFY's subsidiaries are engaged in the manufacture and sale of paper and paper-related products and the design, manufacture, and sale of equipment.

Metsa Board Oyj is the European producer of premium lightweight paperboards. Its product portfolio includes pulp, boxboard, and linerboard, which are used in foodservice and consumer goods packaging. The company's customers are typically boxboard printers, carton board manufacturers in the food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries, and manufacturers of branded goods and wholesalers. It operates fiber mills that produce its fiber-based products from timber. The Company operates in European Nations like Germany, Sweden, Spain, etc., and also in other countries like the UK, Norway, Canada, Asia, and Turkey. The majority of the revenue is generated in Europe.

Altri SGPS SA manages forests and produces and sells pulp. The company owns and manages eucalyptus forests throughout Portugal and harvests timber. It focuses on the production of cellulosic fibers through three production units. The company produces cellulosic fibers for various applications, from printing and writing paper to domestic papers and the textile industry. The company generates maximum revenue from Sale of Cellulosic Fiber.

Canfor is a softwood lumber company that also owns around half of Canfor Pulp. It is active throughout North America and Europe, with lumber mills in British Columbia, Alberta, the Southeastern United States, and Sweden. It has two reportable segments: lumber and pulp and paper. The lumber segment includes Canfor's sawmilling and remanufacturing operations. The pulp and paper segment includes the kraft pulp, kraft paper, and bleached chemi-thermomechanical pulp businesses of Canfor Pulp.

Corticeira Amorim SGPS SA (Corticeira Amorim) is a holding company engaged in cork-related products. The company's products include stoppers for wine and other spirits, granulated cork, rubber cork, cork floorings, and giftware. The business of the company is operated through Portugal, Spain, Tunisia, the United States, Australia, Germany, China, Italy, Argentina, France, and the Netherlands. The company derives the majority of its revenue from the European region.

PT Pabrik Kertas Tjiwi Kimia Tbk is engaged in paper and stationery manufacturing, with its main products such as printed paper, coated paper, and carbonless. The company also produces a wide range of converted stationery and office products such as woodfree, art board, baking paper, brown kraft, kraft paper, and others. It operates in two business segments: Cultural paper products, and Industrial paper products and others. The Cultural paper products segment consists of printing and writing paper and related paper products; the Industrial paper segment consists of fluting medium paper and carton boxes; The other product segment includes the sale of the chemical by-product. The majority of the revenue is being made from Cultural paper products segment.

Hokuetsu Corp produces and sells a variety of paper products. The company is involved in production and sale of paper and pulp products, paper containers and liquid containers among others. It is also involved in Timber business, construction business, sales of various materials, real estate trading, transportation and warehouse business.

Nippon Paper Industries Co Ltd produces and sells a variety of paper products. The company’s paper products include newsprint, printing, sanitary, and packaging paper, as well as container board and boxes. The firm also sells construction materials, and generates electric power. Nippon Paper organizes itself into four segments based on product type: pulp and paper; paper related; wood products and construction related; and other. The pulp and paper segment generates the majority of revenue. The majority of sales are made in Japan.

Cascades Inc is a paper and packaging company that produces, converts, and sells packaging and tissue products composed predominantly of recycled fibres. Its customer base includes food processing companies, the maintenance industry, accommodations and housing industry, micro-businesses, and boutiques. The products are marketed through brands such as Cascades Fresh, Cascades Protect, Cascades IMGN, Cascades PRO, and Cascades Fluff & Tuff, among others. The company is organized into three main business segments; Containerboard, Specialty Products (which constitutes packaging products), and Tissue Papers. A majority of its revenue is generated from the Containerboard segment. Geographically, the company derives maximum revenue from the United States and the rest from Canada.

ENCE Energia y Celulosa SA produces and sells pulp. The company has two segments namely ENCE Pulp and ENCE Renewables. ENCE Pulp segment includes pulp production and sale activities. ENCE Renewables segment involves Biomass, Biogas, Energy services, and the generation and sale of carbon credits. The vast majority of revenue comes from the ENCE Pulp Segment.

Miquel y Costas & Miquel SA is a Spain-based company operating in the paper industry. Its principal line of business is the manufacturing and distribution of fine and specialty lightweight papers, with the main specialization being cigarette papers. Its product portfolio consists of rolling papers, printing papers, specialty papers, and textile pulps, among others. Geographically, the company generates maximum revenue from the European Union, and the rest from the OECD countries, its domestic market, and other countries.

Rayonier Advanced Materials Inc is engaged in the production of cellulose specialties, a natural polymer used in the manufacturing of various specialty chemical products, including liquid crystal displays, filters, textiles and performance additives for pharmaceutical, food and other industrial applications. The company's products are used in a variety of applications, including cigarette filters, liquid crystal displays, paints, pharmaceuticals, and food. The company operates in the reportable segments of High Purity Cellulose, Paperboard, and High-Yield Pulp. The key revenue is derived from the High Purity Cellulose segment. Geographically, it derives a majority of its revenue from the United States.

Suzano Holding SA produces and markets pulp and paper in Brazil and Globally. The company is structured in two segments: Market Pulp (paper grade and fluff), Paper (coated and uncoated printing and writing paper) and Paperboard. The majority of the revenue is generated from the Pulp segment.

Middle East Paper Co is engaged in the production and sale of container board, industrial paper, and tissue paper. Along with its subsidiaries, the company has two operating and reportable segments, that is, Manufacturing and Trading. The Manufacturing segment represents the manufacturing of container board and industrial paper, as well as tissue paper, and the Trading segment represents wholesale and retail sales of paper, carton, and plastic waste. A majority of its revenue is generated from the Manufacturing segment. Geographically, the group generates maximum revenue from Saudi Arabia, followed by Asia, Other GCC countries, Africa, Europe, and the Americas.

Sappi Ltd is engaged in the manufacturing of sustainable woodfibre-based products including specialty and packaging papers, graphic papers, release papers, pulp, and biomaterials like lignin and furfural from renewable resources. The products and services include Dissolving pulp, Graphic papers, Packaging and specialty papers, Casting and release papers, Biomaterials and Bio-energy. The company's geographical segments include Europe, North America and South Africa. The majority of revenue is generated from South Africa.

CPH Group AG is engaged in the manufacturing of chemicals, paper, and pharmaceutical packaging films. The business activity of the group is breakdown into two divisions namely chemistry, and packaging. The Chemistry division provides molecular sieves and silica gels for industrial applications under the Zeochem brand name. Packaging division manufactures an extensive range of PVC mono-films and coated PVdC barrier films for the pharmaceuticals industry.

Norske Skog ASA is an industrial company in publication paper, packaging paper, energy production, and bioproducts. Publication paper products comprise both newsprint and magazine paper, both of which are marketed under the NOR brand. Packaging paper includes the recycled containerboard grades test liner and fluting, which are marketed under the STRATO brand. The company's core bioproducts are the nanocellulose product CEBINA and the bio-composite product CEBICO. Norske Skog owns and operates four industrial sites in Europe and one industrial site in Australasia.

Kpp Group Holdings Co Ltd is into wholesale of pulp and paper in the domestic and overseas market. The company buys, sells, import and export of paper, paperboard, paper processed products, pulp, recovered paper, chemical products, machines related to paper, packaging and wrapping materials and other related products, possession, and leasing of real estate and warehousing business.

Clearwater Paper Corp is engaged in the manufacturing and supplier of Solid Bleached Sulfate (SBS) paperboard packaging products. The company products includes: SBS paperboard which is a premium paperboard grade that is frequently used to produce folding cartons, food service, commercial printing items. It generates maximum revenue from Pulp and Paperboard segment. Company operate in United States and have globalized access too. Geographically, it derives maximum revenue from the United States.

Koskisen Corp is a family-owned wood-processing company. It has two business segments namely Sawn Timber Industry and Panel Industry. The Sawn Timber Industry business segment produces sawn and further-processed timber and the Panel Industry business segment produces plywood, thin plywood, veneers, chipboards, and interior solutions for light and heavy commercial vehicles under the Kore brand. The company earns the majority of its revenue from the Sawn Timber Industry segment.