Informa Valuation Multiples

Live Nation is the largest live entertainment company in the world, serving as a concert promoter, venue operator, and ticketing platform. In addition, the firm generates revenue from sponsorships and advertising. With offices in 51 countries, Live Nation promotes concerts globally and it owned, operated, or had exclusive booking rights to more than 400 venues worldwide at the end of 2025, which the firm says makes it the second-largest operator of music venues globally. In 2025, Live Nation promoted nearly 55,000 events, drawing roughly 160 million fans. Ticketmaster is a dominant global ticketing service, selling nearly 650 million tickets in 2025.

Liberty Media Corp along with its subsidiaries is engaged in the media and entertainment industries in North America and the United Kingdom. The company owns interests in a high-quality portfolio of assets across the media, entertainment and sports industries. The company derives its maximum revenue from United Kingdom.

Wolters Kluwer is a global provider of professional information, software solutions, and services in health; tax and accounting; environmental, social, and governance; finance; compliance; and legal. More than 60% of revenue is generated in North America and around 30% is from Europe.

News Corporation is a diversified media conglomerate with big presence in the US, the UK, and Australia. Key mastheads include The Wall Street Journal, Barron's, New York Post, The Times, The Sun, The Australian, Herald Sun, and The Daily Telegraph. Its 61%-owned REA Group is the dominant property listings platform in Australia. In addition, it owns Harper Collins, one of the largest book publishers in the world, and has a sizable US digital property advertising business, Move. The 65% interest in Foxtel, the Australian pay-TV and streaming provider, was sold in April 2025. The sale to global sports streaming platform, DAZN, was struck at more than 7 times Foxtel's EBITDA.

New York Times Co is an American media company known for publishing its flagship newspaper, The New York Times. The company also operates the International New York Times newspaper, as well as digital properties such as NYTimes and various smartphone applications. The company has two segments: New York Times Group and The Athletic. The company generates the majority of its revenue from the NYTG segment. The NYTG and The Athletic segments derive revenue from subscriptions, Advertising, and others, where the majority source of revenue for both segments is subscription.

UK-listed Pearson is a testing and educational provider. Pearson's primary operations are in assessment and qualification testing and higher education, but they also provide English education and testing, virtual learning, prehiring testing and screening, and upskilling/reskilling. The company divested noncore businesses, including the Financial Times, The Economist, and publishing house Penguin, and is now focused on being an educational resource and testing provider.

Liberty Live Holdings Inc focuses on live entertainment investments. The company maintains a substantial ownership position in Live Nation Entertainment, the primary international promoter of concerts, events, and ticketing through platforms like Ticketmaster, alongside sponsorship and hospitality services via QuintEvents.

Endeavor Group Holdings Inc is an entertainment and sports company. The company owns and operates sports and entertainment properties, including UFC and WWE through its majority ownership of TKO, produces and distributes sports and entertainment content, owns and manages exclusive live events and experiences, and represents top sports, entertainment, and fashion talent, as well as blue chip corporate clients. Its reportable segments are Owned Sports Properties, Events, Experiences & Rights, and Representation. Maximum revenue is generated from its Owned Sports Properties segment, which is comprised of a portfolio of sports and entertainment properties, including UFC, WWE, PBR, and Euroleague. Geographically, it derives key revenue from the United States.

CTS Eventim AG & Co. KGaA is a diversified media company that focuses on the ticketing market. The business is divided into two segments: ticketing and live entertainment. The ticketing segment produces, sells, and distributes tickets for a variety of leisure-based events. The company sells tickets for concerts, sports, and theater events, and provides travel services as well. The live entertainment business segment plans and organizes tour events, largely for music-based concerts. The company generates the vast majority of its revenue in Germany.

Sphere Entertainment Co is a live entertainment and media company. The firm creates, writes, casts, produces, and tours shows and events. The group has two reportable segments: Sphere and MSG Networks. Sphere is a next-generation entertainment medium, and MSG Networks operates two regional sports and entertainment networks, as well as a direct-to-consumer (DTC) and authenticated streaming product.

Springer Nature AG & Co KGaA is a research, educational, and professional publisher providing content to communities through a range of platforms, products, and services. It offers journals, books, platforms, databases & and solutions. The company includes four Segments: Research, Education, Health, and Professional. The company operates in the Americas, APAC, Germany, and Other EMEA regions. The majority of revenue is generated from the research segment in America.

Madison Square Garden Entertainment Corp provides live entertainment, delivering unforgettable experiences while forging deep connections with diverse and passionate audiences. The company’s portfolio includes a collection of world-renowned venues - New York’s Madison Square Garden, The Theater at Madison Square Garden, Radio City Music Hall, and Beacon Theatre; and The Chicago Theatre - that showcase a broad array of sporting events, concerts, family shows, and special events for millions of guests annually. In addition, the company features the original production, the Christmas Spectacular Starring the Radio City Rockettes, which has been a holiday tradition for 89 years.

Jiangsu Phoenix Publishing & Media Corp Ltd is a China-based publishing company. The company operates four segments. The Publishing segment covers the publishing and distribution of textbooks, teaching aids, general books, audio-visual products, and vocational education software. The Issuing Division handles the wholesale and retail of teaching materials, teaching aids, general books, audio-visual products, and cultural supplies. The Other segment includes new media businesses such as software development, film and television production, digital asset management, cloud services, and investment management. The Headquarters segment oversees distribution management, procurement, settlement, group publication distribution, textbook bidding, and publishing business management.

China Literature Ltd is an investment holding company. The company along with its subsidiaries provides online reading services, copyright commercialization, writer cultivation and brokerage, and operation of text work reading. It generates its revenue from Online reading through self-owned platform products. it operates in two segments: Online business and Intellectual property operations and others. The Online business segment that derives the majority of revenue comprises online paid reading, online advertising, and game publishing. The Intellectual property operations and other segment include licensing and distribution of film and television properties, copyrights licensing, sales of adaptation rights and scripts, sales of physical books, and in-house online games operations.

Kadokawa Corp is a Japan based publisher and digital content platform provider. It is involved in various businesses such as publishing, film, publishing rights, digital contents, planning, development and operation of network entertainment service, and contents and operation of video- sharing website.

Lagardere SA is in the business of content publishing, production, broadcasting, and distribution. It is also engaged in the travel retail business with various brands such as Relay and Aelia Duty-Free, and other selective distribution brands. The company operates through divisions: Lagardere Publishing, Lagardere Travel Retail, and others.

China South Publishing & Media Group Co Ltd operates in the publishing and media industry. The company offers publishing products, including books, newspapers, periodicals, audio and video products, electronics, network, comic, and animation.

China Science Publishing & Media Ltd is a China based company engaged in providing publishing services. It offers books, journals, newspapers, literature and data, online publishing, import and export and printing services. For overseas distribution, the company uses Science Press brand.

Songcheng Performance Development Co Ltd operates in the performing arts industry. The company is engaged in the operation of Live performances, tourism and leisure, and Internet performance in China.

Zhejiang Publishing & Media Co Ltd is engaged in the publication, distribution and printing of books, periodicals, audio-visual products and electronic publications.

Visual China Group Co Ltd is engaged in providing digital visual content and visual solutions to customers in media, commercial, and consumer sectors. It services include Copyright removal, rights protection agent, Sports, Entertainment and Digital marketing, and Special shooting.

John Wiley & Sons Inc is a publisher and a trusted leader in research and learning. The company segment includes: Research, which includes the reporting lines of Research Publishing and Research Solutions, and Learning includes the Academic and Professional reporting lines and consists of publishing, courseware, and assessments. Its industry-principal content, services, platforms, and knowledge networks are tailored to meet the evolving needs of its customers and partners, including researchers, students, instructors, professionals, institutions, and corporations. The company empowers knowledge-seekers to transform today’s obstacles into tomorrow’s brightest opportunities. For more than two centuries, the company has been delivering on its timeless mission to unlock human potential.

Shandong Publishing & Media Co Ltd provides publishing services. The company owns and manages publishing houses, periodical presses, printing enterprises, printing materials company, and logistics company. Geographically, the activities are carried out through China.

Xinhua Winshare Publishing & Media Co Ltd is engaged in integrated cultural operations specializing in the creative content production of publications, education services, cultural consumption services, supply chain services, and capital operation. Its activities are editorial and publishing of publications, sales of publications in physical stores and the internet, distribution of textbooks and supplementary materials, education information and equipment services, etc. It is through two operating segments; the Publication segment, which includes publishing books, periodicals, and audiovisual products, and the Distribution segment, which comprises the distribution of textbooks and supplementary materials. The group generates a majority of its revenue from the Distribution segment.

Louis Hachette Group is engaged in Publishing, Travel Retail and Magazines and Online Media.

Sanoma Oyj is a learning and media company. The group publishes magazines and newspapers along with educational learning literature and services. It operates in two segments: Learning and Media Finland. Sanoma's learning products and services enable teachers to develop the talents of every child to reach their full potential. The company offers printed and digital learning content as well as digital learning and teaching platforms for primary, secondary and vocational education. The Finnish media business of Sanoma provides information, experiences, inspiration, and entertainment via multiple media platforms: newspapers, radio, television, events, magazines, online, and mobile channels. The company's publications include Helsingin Sanomat, IltaSanomat among others.

TX Group AG is a Swiss company with a network of digital platforms. It offers information, orientation, entertainment, and services to its users every day. The company provides newspapers and magazines. The company's operating segments include TX Markets; Goldbach; 20 Minuten; Tamedia and Group and Ventures. It generates maximum revenue from the Tamedia segment.

Saudi Research And Media Group is an integrated publishing group based in Saudi Arabia, engaged in trading, media, advertising, promotions, distribution, printing and publishing, and public relations. It operates mainly in the Middle East, Europe, and North Africa. The company has four operating segments; Publishing, visual, and digital content segment, the Public relations and advertising segment, the Printing and packaging segment, and All other segments. The company derives a majority of its revenue from the Publishing, visual, and digital content segment.

Anhui Xinhua Media Co Ltd operates as a publishing and printing company in China. Its businesses include publication and distribution logistics services, import and export business, real estate development, advertising, film and television media, hotel management, financing lease, e-commerce and other fields.

Chinese Universe Publishing And Media Co Ltd are engaged in the publishing, printing, and distribution of materials, newspapers, periodicals, and audiovisual publications in China. A company extends is business in new media and online education, Internet games, digital publishing, Internet of Things technology applications, international copyright transactions.

China Publishing & Media Holdings Co Ltd is a specialized and large-scale publishing group. The company's publishing business mainly includes book publishing, newspaper publishing, electronic audio and video publishing and related copyright business.

Changjiang Publishing & Media Co Ltd is engaged in the publication and media industry, as well as the manufacturing of clothing and other fiber products.

Corporacion Interamericana de Entretenimiento SAB de CV is a Mexico-based company engaged in the business of providing entertainment services in Latin America and worldwide. It offers a wide Range of entertainment options to a variety of audiences and budgets in large- and medium-sized cities. Its services include concerts, theatrical productions, sporting events, family events and cultural events, among others. In addition, it operates an amusement park in Colombia.

Alma Media Oyj is a media and service company focusing on digital services and publishing. In addition to news content, the Group's products provide useful information related to lifestyle, career, and business development. The business segments include Alma Career, Alma Marketplaces, and Alma News Media. It generates maximum revenue from the Alma Career segment. The group's business is mainly divided into two geographical areas, Finland from where it earns the majority of its revenue, and the rest of Europe.

Pursuit Attractions and Hospitality Inc is an attractions and hospitality company that owns and operates a collection of inspiring and unforgettable experiences at iconic destinations across the United States, Canada, Iceland and Costa Rica. Its elevated hospitality offerings include point-of-interest attractions and distinctive lodges, as well as integrated restaurants, retail options, and transportation that allow visitors to discover and connect with breathtaking national parks and renowned travel locations.

GL Events is a France-based company engaged in providing facilities for meetings: congresses and conventions, cultural, sporting, institutional, and corporate events, trade shows, and exhibitions for professionals and the general public. It has three business divisions, namely GL events Live: Provides turnkey solutions for all events, whatever the format, from the consulting phase through to production. GL events Exhibitions: Design, Production, and Management of Professional Trade Shows and Consumer Exhibitions to Promote Key Sectors. GL events Venues: Manages a network of over 60 event venues around the world (convention and exhibition centers, arenas, etc).

USA Today Co Inc is a diversified media company with expansive reach at the national and local level, dedicated to empowering and enriching communities. It prioritizes a digital-first approach, focusing on audience growth and engagement while diversifying revenue streams. Through its trusted brands, including the USA TODAY NETWORK, comprised of the national publication, USA TODAY, and local media organizations, including a network of local properties, in the United States, and Newsquest, a wholly-owned subsidiary operating in the United Kingdom, provide essential journalism, local content, and digital experiences to audiences and businesses. Its digital marketing solutions brand, LocaliQ, supports small and medium-sized businesses with digital marketing products and solutions.

Nine Entertainment is the largest media conglomerate in Australia. It operates Nine Network, a free-to-air TV network across five capital cities, as well as in a number of regional areas. It owns 9Now, a leading broadcast video on demand, or BVOD, business. Its publishing unit is the second-largest newspaper group in Australia with key mastheads such as Australian Financial Review, Sydney Morning Herald, and The Age. Nine also operates a leading domestic-owned subscription video on demand, or SVOD, business in Australia called Stan, and a talk-based radio network. In January 2026, Nine announced a plan to buy outdoor advertising entity QMS Media for AUD 850 million.

Sonaecom SA provides consultancy services in the area of information systems. Its business portfolio includes the Software and Technology area, with Bright Pixel Capital, the Online & Media area and the Telecommunications area. The company's main business segments include Media; Technologies; and Holding activities. It derives maximum revenue from Media Segment.

PVR INOX Ltd is a diversified media company engaged in the film entertainment industry. The company has two primary business segments, which includes Movie exhibition, and Others. The Movie exhibition business segment which derives key revenue, operates a chain of movie theaters, generating revenue through ticket sales, food and beverage sales, and in-cinema advertising. The Other business segment operates complementary ventures such as movie production, distribution and gaming, etc. The company generates the vast majority of its revenue in India.

Emerald Holding Inc is a business-to-business (B2B) event organizer principally in the United States. The company is engaged in three complementary business lines; Connections division consists of a collection of B2B trade show franchises and other live events that provide exhibitors opportunities to engage with buyers and expand their brand’s awareness in their industry; the Content division consists of B2B print publications and digital media products that complement existing trade show properties, and the Commerce division which offers software-as-a-service technology that enables year-round B2B buying and selling through Elastic Suite and Bulletin platforms for use by its customers. The Majority of the revenue for the company is generated from its Connections segment.

Zhejiang Sunriver Culture Co Ltd is a China-based company engaged in culture consulting, animation design, film and television planning, information services, among others. The group is mainly engaged in the creation, planning, production, distribution, and animation of mobile internet animation, animation related copyright authorization and animation related internet and mobile online game development and operation services. In addition, the company is also involved in the finance business.

Saregama India Ltd is a holding company, which engages in the production and distribution of music, television programs, and movies. It operates through the following segments: Music, Films/TV Serials, and Publication. The Music segment deals with the business of manufacturing and sale of Music storage devices viz. Carvaan, Music Card, etc, and dealing with related music rights. The Films/TV Serials and Event segment engaged in the production and sale/telecast/broadcast of films/TV Serials, pre-recorded programs, organizing live musical events, and dealing in film rights. The Publication segment publishes the weekly current affairs magazine ‘OPEN’ through its publication business. The firm derives a majority of its revenue from the Music segment.

Maoyan Entertainment is a China-based company that mainly operates an Internet-empowered entertainment service platform. The company operates in three segments. The Online Entertainment Ticketing Services segment offers online ticketing services for comprehensive entertainment formats, such as movies and entertainment events. The Entertainment Content Services segment operates an integrated platform to provide entertainment content services, ranging from distribution, and promotion to production, for various entertainment formats including movies, TV series, variety shows, and entertainment events. The Advertising Services and Others segment serves advertisers in both the entertainment industry and other industries including automobile, electronics, and consumer products.

Scholastic Corp is an American publishing and education media company that focuses on books and educational material for schools, teachers, parents, and children. It creates print, digital, and audiobooks, learning materials and programs, classroom magazines, and other products that support children’s learning and reading both at home and at school. The company also owns rights to various books, including Harry Potter, Dog Man, and The Hunger Games among others. It has three reportable segments Children’s Book Publishing and Distribution, Education Solutions, and International. The majority of its revenue is from the Children’s Book Publishing and Distribution segment.

Falcons Beyond Global Inc. is a Company that provides a full range of theme park design, master planning, and experiential technologies for customers in the entertainment and attraction industry through its Falcon’s Creative Group reportable segment and develops and co-owns resort and theme park attractions through its Destinations Operations. The Company has four operating segments, Falcon’s Creative Group, PDP, Falcon’s Beyond Brands, and Destinations Operations, all of which are reportable segments. It earns the majority of the revenue from Falcon’s Creative Group segment.

Daily Journal Corp publishes newspapers and websites covering California and Arizona and produces several specialized information services. The company operates in two segments: Traditional business and Journal Technologies which includes Journal Technologies, Inc. and Journal Technologies (Canada) Inc. It also serves as a newspaper representative specializing in public notice advertising. The majority of revenue is generated from the Traditional segment.

Funshine Culture Group Co Ltd is engaged in different types of business in various art events and cultural activities both domestically and internationally, including planning, art creation and design, stage arts design, urban landscape construction and the lighting and audio project designing theatre and art venues. The company operates in four segments namely events and stage lighting; landscape lighting and interpretation; multimedia creative production; live performance and cultural tourism synthesis services.